1.1 From Digital Humanities to Speculative Computing - UCLA ...

xxiv For a recent summary and overview: http://jamesthornton.com/search-engine-
research/
xxv For updates on data mining: http://dataminingresearch.blogspot.com/
xxvi That distinction, more than any other, differentiates natural and formal languages, and
not surprisingly, demarcates work in the fields of artificial intelligence from that of
cognitive studies, for instance. The most striking example of recognition of this
distinction is in the difference between the attitudes on which Ludwig Wittgenstein
approached the study of language in his Tractatus and in Philosophical Investigations.
That shift registers the recognition that the project of totalized, objectified formalistic
approaches to language was a failure and the subsequent realization that only use,
situated and specific, could provide insight into the signifying capabilities of language.
xxvii Jerome McGann, The Critique of Modern Textual Criticism (Chicago: U. of Chicago
Press, 1983), and also McGann Black Riders: The Visible Language of Modernism
(Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1993), Randall McLeod, lectures on “Material
Narratives” (http://www.sas.upenn.edu/~traister/pennsem.html), Steve McCaffery and bp
nichol, Rational Geomancy (Vancouver: Talonbooks, 1992), Johanna Drucker, The
Visible Word: Experimental Typography and Modern Art 1909-1923 (Chicago: U. of
Chicago Press, 1994), and essays by Nick Frankel, McLeod, Peter Robinson, Manuel
Portela et alia in Marking the Text, edited by Joe Bray, Miriam Handley, and Anne C.
Henry (Aldershot, Birimgham, Singapore and Sydney: Ashgate, 2000).
xxviii Journal of Functional Programming (2003), 13: 257-260 Cambridge University
Press, Special issue on “Logical Frameworks and Metalanguages”
1.1 History / 3/2008 /
62