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6.2 Recommendations The following are the recommendations to the barriers to proper infection control practices by volunteer caregivers in HBCO for PLWHA. Macro level The government, NGOs, funders and donors need to work together to have effective and implemented policies to guide the planning, legislation and regulation of HBC programs. There should be a central administration responsible for allocating adequate and quality materials for infection control practices. This central administration should also be responsible for supervising HBCOs and their management including monitoring and evaluation. It should also be responsible for monitoring and evaluating infection control practices in HBCOs. There is need for the health sector to establish effective and sufficient communication among the national, provincial, district and the local level. There is need for the government to provide basic needs to destitute families such as access to potable water and housing with suitable living conditions. There is need for the department of health to provide adequate training with refresher courses to equip volunteer caregivers with sufficient knowledge and skills on infection control practices. There is need for the health sector to corroborate with the education and other related sectors to develop infection control education programmes in HBC and develop some easy to read and easy to understand materials that can be distributed to family caregivers and other members of the community. In order to combat the HIV/AIDS related stigma and discrimination, there is need for the ministry of health and its partners to continue sensitising the general public using less threatening language regarding HIV/AIDS. There is need also for the government, NGOs, funders, donors and HBCCs to form a forum and sort remuneration issues for volunteer caregivers. Exo and meso level HBCOs are based in the community to reach out to community members with the aim of restoring hope in PLWHA improving their quality of life. Findings show that HBCOs depend mainly on the government, donors and funders for resources. For these HBC programs to run effectively there is need for all HBC programs to collaborate with local clinics/health care facilities. They also need to partner with other government agencies. There is need for NGOs, 72
faith based organisations and community based organisations to cooperate and collaborate and form a forum to address HBC resources. The forum should address strategies needed for ordering monitoring and evaluating the supply of HBC kits. In order to promote positive attitude towards PLWHA and volunteer caregivers that help out these people, HBC programs need to put more effort to work hand in hand with influential community leaders to promote community training and education to address HIV/AIDS and its related stigma and discrimination that exist in the community this can be achieved through involving the churches in addressing HIV/AIDS issues and its related stigma during their meetings and workshops. Influential leaders could be used to sensitise community members on HIV/AIDS disease during every gatherings like funerals, weddings, church functions, community gathering or political rallies to achieve better understanding of the HIV/AIDS disease and the negative impacts of HIV/AIDS stigma and discrimination as barriers to effective prevention of the disease. Micro level Volunteer caregivers are worst affected because they are the ones that perform the work as such, they need to come together and form an association and forum to discuss their needs and present them to higher authorities to make sure that they are heard. Volunteer caregivers need to work hand in hand with health workers and other community care providers to continue educating patients, families and community members on HIV/AIDS issues and infection control practices. 6.3 Areas for further research Based on the findings of this study, it is recommended that further research should be done to assess the distribution and quality of materials for infection control practices in HBCOs. There is need to assess the effectiveness of infection control policies in HBCOs. There is need to extend this study to include patients, family caregivers and also to get the community health worker’s perspectives regarding infection control practices in all HBC programs. 73
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AN EXPLORATORY STUDY OF INFECTION C
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DEDICATION I would like to dedicate
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I wish to thank al
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3.3 Study area ....................
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6.1 Conclusion ....................
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CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION OF THE STU
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HBC can be said to be important to
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1.3 Purpose of the Study and Resear
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2.1 Introduction CHAPTER TWO LITERA
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(Young and Busgeeth, 2010). For exa
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2.5 The role of volunteer caregiver
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In HBC, infections are a major caus
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2.7 Challenges confronted by volunt
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perform their duties due to that fa
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Roberts, Campbell, service & Adalla
Page 31 and 32: The training that is offered to vol
Page 33 and 34: 2.9 Theoretical Framework This stud
Page 35 and 36: Figure 2.2 Ecological systems theor
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Page 41 and 42: expressed by the research participa
Page 43 and 44: data in greater detail by remaining
Page 45 and 46: other group members to remember det
Page 47 and 48: transcribed transcripts of the inte
Page 49 and 50: 3.8.3 Trustworthiness of the study
Page 51 and 52: 4.1 Introduction CHAPTER FOUR PRESE
Page 53 and 54: 4.3 Perceptions of infection contro
Page 55 and 56: edridden patient, how to maintain a
Page 57 and 58: 4.5.1 Practicing hand hygiene All v
Page 59 and 60: In order to prevent dogs and childr
Page 61 and 62: “Sometimes I ask for gloves from
Page 63 and 64: they wore gloves or masks. In some
Page 65 and 66: “… It is difficult to care for
Page 67 and 68: that also caused breeding of flies
Page 69 and 70: patients could be affected because
Page 71 and 72: practices and it was responsible fo
Page 73 and 74: eplenishment was a challenge. On th
Page 75 and 76: hygiene. However, to deal with this
Page 77 and 78: on the government, NGOs, donors/fun
Page 79 and 80: Due to insufficient water supply, v
Page 81: funders and donors); exo (for HBCOs
Page 85 and 86: REFERENCES Akintola, O. (2004). A G
Page 87 and 88: Denzin, N.K. & Lincoln, Y.S. (Ed) (
Page 89 and 90: diarrheal among persons with HIV in
Page 91 and 92: Ross, M.W., Greenfield, S.A., & Ben
Page 93 and 94: USAID (2001). A noted Bibliography
Page 95 and 96: APPENDIX 1A: INFORMED CONSENT FORM
Page 97 and 98: APPENDIX 1B: DEMOGRAPHIC QUESTIONNA
Page 99 and 100: ISIZULU INTERVIEW GUIDE FOR HBCCS/P
Page 101: THE ZULU VERSION OF THE FOCUS GROUP
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