Beetles Identification Guide

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6 SUMMARY Every year arthropods destroy or contaminate large quantities of stored products in Canada. <strong>Beetles</strong> are unquestionably the most important group of organisms attacking these products. This publication is intended to provide extension entomologists, inspectors, and naturalists with an identification guide of the most common beetles associated with stored products in Canada. In addition to keys and plates, the following sections are included for each species treated: diagnosis, sexual dimorphism, distribution, and economic importance. RÉSUMÉ Chaque année, de grandes quantités de produits entreposés au Canada sont détruits ou contaminés par la présence d’arthropodes et les Coléoptères forment sans contredit le plus important groupe d’organismes vivants qui s’attaque à ces produits. Le but de l’ouvrage est de fournir aux conseillers techniques en entomologie, aux inspecteurs et aux naturalistes un guide de détermination des principaux Coléoptères associés aux produits entreposés au Canada. En plus des tableaux d’identification et des illustrations, l’ouvrage comprend, pour chaque espèce traitée, une diagnose ainsi que des sections sur le dimorphisme sexuel, la distribution et l’importance économique.
INTRODUCTION This book is intended to provide extension entomologists and naturalists with an identification guide to the common beetles associated with stored products in Canada. Only the adult stage is dealt with in this book. The distribution and economic importance of each species are discussed; information on the biology is omitted, because it is the subject of a recent publication (Campbell et al. 1989). <strong>Beetles</strong> represent the largest natural order in the animal kingdom; more than 9000 species are estimated to occur in Canada (Campbell 1979). The main characteristic of the adult beetle is the modification of the anterior wings, the elytra, into a stiff cover that protects the membranous posterior wings (if present) and the abdomen when the beetle is at rest. In a few species, such as the female of Thylodrias contractus, the elytra have been secondarily lost. Like many other insects, beetles have a complete metamorphosis, with four distinct stages in their life cycle: egg, larva, pupa, and adult. More information about the general morphology and biology of Coleoptera can be found in Crowson (1981) and Halstead (1986). Every year, large quantities of stored products are destroyed or contaminated because of the presence of arthropods, and beetles are by far the most important group of animals attacking these products (Hinton 1945). Over 600 species around the world have been found associated with stored products, and 120 of these are dealt with here (see “List of beetles associated with stored products in Canada”). The species include those established or found more or less regularly in Canada and associated with stored products. Less than half of these species actually eat the product or one of its constituents. In fact, many of the stored-product species feed on fungi or on dead arthropods and small mammals present in places where food is stored. Species known in Canada only from interceptions at ports of entry have not been included, except for Trogoderma granarium. Also excluded are the species that are general predators, such as Carabidae and Staphylinidae, and those attacking structural woodwork in buildings, such as many Anobiidae, Bostrichidae, and Cerambycidae. Although some of these species may be found in buildings where food is stored, they are only incidental and thus are not considered to be associated with stored products. This guide is organized in two parts. The first includes keys and illustrations of the common stored-product species in Canada. The second part presents, for each species treated, sections on diagnosis and sexual dimorphism as well as information on distribution and economic importance. 7
Page 1 and 2: BEETLES associated with stored prod
Page 3 and 4: © Minister of Supply and Services
Page 5: ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I am indebted to L.
Page 9 and 10: Trogoderma inclusum LeConte Trogode
Page 11 and 12: IDENTIFICATION KEYS Key A GENERAL 1
Page 13 and 14: Hind femur without or with small to
Page 15 and 16: 33(31) Pronotum with 6 large teeth
Page 17 and 18: Key B ANTHICIDAE 1(0) Integument of
Page 19 and 20: Key C CRYPTOPHAGIDAE 1(0) Antennae
Page 21 and 22: 16(15) Pronotum with anterior angle
Page 23 and 24: Elytra covered mostly with white or
Page 25 and 26: Key E LATHRIDIIDAE 1(0) Elytra with
Page 27 and 28: Key F NITIDULIDAE 1(0) Abdomen with
Page 29 and 30: Elytra moderately hairy, strial pun
Page 31 and 32: 9(8) Eye about 3 facets wide latera
Page 33 and 34: Figs. 9—21 Antenna (dorsal view).
Page 35 and 36: Figs. 32—38 Pronotum and elytra o
Page 37 and 38: Figs. 48—56 Elytra of (48) Anthic
Page 39 and 40: Figs. 66—74 Head and pronotum. (6
Page 41 and 42: Figs. 89—98 Anterior half of body
Page 43 and 44: Figs. 109—117 Head and pronotum o
Page 45 and 46: Figs. 124—132 Elytra and exposed
Page 47 and 48: Figs. 146—155 Head (lateral view)
Page 49 and 50: IDENTIFICATION PLATES 49
Page 51 and 52: Fig. 170 Stored-product beetles wit
Page 53 and 54: Fig. 172 Stored-product beetles wit
Page 55 and 56: Fig. 174 Stored-product beetles of
Page 57 and 58:
GENERAL INFORMATION This section co
Page 59 and 60:
Fig. 176 Lasioderma serricorne (Fab
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Fig. 177 Stegobium paniceum (Linnae
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Sexual dimorphism: Males have 2 exp
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combination of having the surface o
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Fig. 179 Araecerus fasciculatus (De
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Fig. 180 Dinoderus minutus (Fabrici
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Sexual dimorphism: Males usually ha
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Fig. 182 Acanthoscelides obtectus (
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tibia; females lack such projection
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on the anterolateral margin of the
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Distribution: Cosmopolitan but more
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Fig. 186 Atomoria ephippiata Zimmer
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those of C. distinguendus Sturm, a
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Economic importance: As mentioned f
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Economic importance: As mentioned f
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Woodroffe, G.E.; Coombs, C.W. 1961.
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the Coleoptera dealt with here by t
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Fig. 190 Cryptolestes turcicus (Gro
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Fig. 192 Oryzaephilus mercator (Fau
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David, M.H.; Mills, R.B. 1975. Deve
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Fig. 193 Sitophilus granarius (Linn
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Most species feed almost exclusivel
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Fig. 194 Anthrenus scrophulariae (L
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Fig. 195 Attagenus unicolor (Brahm)
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successful in rearing the species o
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have recently become serious pests
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probably surviving on the remains o
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Fig. 199 Reesa vespulae (Milliron).
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Fig. 200 Thylodrias contractus Mots
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Fig. 202 Trogoderma glabrum (Herbst
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with insecticides, and in a short t
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Economic importance: The species is
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Fig. 203 Mycetaea subterranea (Fabr
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Fig. 204 Carcinops pumilio (Erichso
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Fig. 205 Aridius nodifer (Westwood)
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Fig. 206 Cartodere constricta (Gyll
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Twelve species of Corticaria have b
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Fig. 208 Dienerella ruficollis (Mar
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Fig. 209 Enicmus fictus Fall. Scale
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Diagnosis: Among the lathridiids di
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Fig. 212 Thes bergrothi (Reitter).
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Fig. 213 Litargus balteatus LeConte
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Diagnosis: This mycetophagid differ
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Selected reference Parsons, C.T. 19
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Distribution: Throughout the temper
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Economic importance: In Canada this
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Fig. 219 Omosita colon (Linnaeus).
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PTINIDAE spider beetles About 15 sp
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Fig. 221 Mezium affine Boieldieu. S
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Fig. 222 Niptus hololeucus (Falderm
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Distribution: Japan and introduced
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Fig. 224 Ptinus fur (Linnaeus); mal
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Fig. 226 Ptinus ocellus Brown. Scal
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The species was recorded in Canadia
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foodstuffs in the Vancouver area. I
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Fig. 229 Trigonogenius globulus Sol
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which they apparently prey; those o
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STAPHYLINIDAE rove beetles The Stap
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In North America as well as in Brit
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Economic importance: In North Ameri
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Fig. 234 Cynaeus angustus (LeConte)
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Fig. 235 Gnathocerus cornutus (Fabr
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Fig. 237 Palorus ratzeburgii (Wissm
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Fig. 238 Tenebrio molitor Linnaeus.
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Sexual dimorphism: Sexes are extern
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or 2 facets). It is most similar to
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Halstead, D.G.H. 1967. Biological s
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side margin of the head and the ant
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Figs, 248—256 (248) Anthrenus fus
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Figs. 260—263 (260) Tribolium cas
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Figs. 267—269 (267) Pseudeurostus
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facet A lens-like unit of the compo
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Fig. 270 Tenebrio molitor (dorsal v
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LITERATURE CITED Adams, R.G. 1978.
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Ghorpade, K.D.; Thyagarajan, K.S. 1
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Smith, L.B. 1962. A note on Cryptol
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coffee bean weevil ................
Page 213 and 214:
pea weevil.........................
Page 215:
215
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