DACIAN BASIN - GeoEcoMar

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18 Chapter 1. Dacian Basin. General Background FIGURE 1.1. Dacian Basin location on the physical map of Romania. Upper-right corner: index sketch with location on the Europe map. Legend: 1. Highland relief. 2. Hilly relief. 3. Lowland relief. 4. Dacian Basin outline during Maeotian (after Saulea et al., 1969 and Hamor et al., 1988). Physical map of Romania partly based on Atanasiu (2001). FIGURE 1.2. Dacian Basin geological location. Quaternary deposits cover most of the Dacian Basin area. Background map simplified from the geological map of Romania, scale 1:1000000, made by the Geological Institute of Romania. Dacian Basin outline during Maeotian (after Saulea et al., 1969 and Hamor et al., 1988). Legend: Q – Quaternary deposits. Pl – Pliocene deposits. Mi – Miocene deposits. Ms – Mesozoic deposits. Ptz – Crystalline rocks.
1.2. Stratigraphy gation method: direct observations in the sub-Carpathians, i.e., the proximal area, and use of subsurface data in the outer, southern and eastern areas. The Dacian Basin was a component of the large epicontinental sea named Paratethys by Laskarev (1924). After its opening during the late Eocene time (34 Ma) (Rusu, 1977; Baldi, 1979), Paratethys went through several major environmental phases with specific conditions. The initial (Lower Oligocene) Paratethian phase of decreased water salinity and endemism was replaced during Middle Oligocene by prevailing open marine conditions, with dominant clastic sedimentation (Rögle, 1999). As a result of restricted internal communication, brackish water and endemic fauna dominated the final Paratethys stage. Formed during this last stage (late Sarmatian, s. l.), the Dacian Basin coexisted within the Paratethys with the Pannonian, Euxinian and Caspian basins (Fig. 1.3). 1.2. STRATIgRAPHY The Dacian Basin evolved during a period of time when Paratethys was represented by distinct basins with restricted and variable communication between them. These basins shared some common characteristics, including reduced water salinity, and were dominated by clastic sedimentation. However, significant differences existed between the Paratethian basins: these include basin size and physiography, the occurrence, development and evolution of fauna and their respective environments, and others. One essential distinction existing between the Paratethys basins came out of the succession of the interconnections moments (leading to uni- or bi-directional, selective faunal migrations) and moments of isolation and implicitly endemism. Biostratigraphic markers which resulted from the successive connection and isolation of these basins generated differing stratigraphic scales, making it difficult to compare one Paratethys basin with the other. 1.2.1. Biostratigraphic scale 1 A Dacian Basin scale based on stratigraphic rules and paleontologic dating had to rely on specific features of the basin and on characteristics shared with the neighboring Paratethys basins. The initial stratigraphic scale based on paleoecological and paleontologic analysis of the Dacian Basin was devised by Teisseyre (1907). As a result of its paleogeographic setting (Fig. 1.3), the Dacian Basin developed in rather close communication with the Euxinian Basin, while the relationships with the Pannonian Basin have been more restricted. That is why the biostratigraphic scale of the Dacian Basin includes several stages similar to the Euxinian Basin stages (Table 1.1): Sarmatian sensu lato, Maeotian and Pontian. 1 Author: Radu Olteanu 19
Page 1: Dan C. Jipa, Cornel Olariu DACIAN B
Page 5: Dedicated to the memory of Prof. Gh
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Page 11 and 12: CONTENTS Foreword and Acknowledgeme
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68 Chapter 3. Sediment Thickness Di
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Sedimentation in the brackish-water
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84 Chapter 4. Dacian Basin Physiogr
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94 Chapter 5. Littoral Sedimentary
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Fluvial sedimentation played a majo
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190 Chapter 8. The Paleoenvironment
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The evolution and architecture of a
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200 Chapter 9. Source-Areas in the
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10.1. SEDIMENT ACCUMULATION AREAS I
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Ai n s w o r t h r. B., Cr o w l e
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258 References hA m o r, g., et al.
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260 References mA C A r o V iC i, n
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262 References ră d A n, s.C., 200
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264 References VAsilieV, i., Kr iJ
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DACIAN BASIN - GeoEcoMar

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