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Untitled - Quarter Century Wireless Association

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Amateur Radio Satellite News<br />

By: Keith Pug[ W5ru, Vice President of Operations, AI4SAT-NA.<br />

n recent olumns I have talked about a number of the currently<br />

active Amateur Radio Satellites, but it has been a long time<br />

since a complete list of the Amateur Radio Satellites has been<br />

pnblished in thisjournal or any other for that nntter. This column<br />

will be devoted to a brief description of the ..active birds,' and<br />

souroes of information about tlre Amateur Radio Satellite program.<br />

Active Amateur Radio Satellites: The Journal Hitor<br />

informed me that a roquest had been made for an alphabetical<br />

li*ing of the active amateu radio satellites in a couple of lines.<br />

Here are the lines: AO.l0, AO.13, A0-16, AO-21 ES-14), AO-<br />

27, ARSENE, DGIT (DO\18), FO-20, 1026, Ko}3, KO.25,<br />

LG.19, N4IR, POSAT (pG.28), Rs-loill, RS-12/13, UO-11, UO.<br />

22,andWO.l8.<br />

The above oompct list itlustrates the number of amateur<br />

radio satellites currently activg but it does not tell the whole $ory.<br />

For this issue only, a tabular listing outlining a few more details is<br />

incluMasTablel.<br />

As you (itn see, in Table I, amateur radio satellites conp<br />

from a variety of plaoes, serve a rariety of functions, and most live<br />

Iong lives. ARSENE, unforhmately, appears to have been slrort<br />

livo( but it has not been crossed off completely yet. A few of the<br />

others have degraded with time, but are still flrnctional in at least<br />

one mode.<br />

A few words of explanation are in order for some of ttp<br />

entries. A MOLYNIA orbit is a high altitude elliptical orbit ttut is<br />

usefirl forreal timeDX. Manypoople haveworked DXCC through<br />

tlre'birds". A LEO orbit is a Iow Earth O6it, usually polar or<br />

NAME<br />

AO-r0<br />

uo-ll<br />

MIR<br />

RS-10/11<br />

AO-13<br />

RS-12/13<br />

AO-16<br />

DO-17<br />

wo-18<br />

LO-19<br />

FO-20<br />

AO-21<br />

uo-22<br />

KO-23<br />

ARSENE<br />

KO-25<br />

1o,-26<br />

AO-27<br />

POSAT<br />

Table I: ACTIVE AMATEUR RADIO SATELLITES<br />

at least fairly high inclination. LEO satellites terd to be much<br />

easier to worft due to their relatirrely short range from yor station;<br />

horryever, their real time communication range is much shorter<br />

than a MOLYNIA'bird." The LEOs are ideal for digital $ore and<br />

foruard applications (flyrng mailboxes).<br />

Three broad tpes of satellites are listed. ANALOG<br />

mqms a lineartransponder is canied on the satellite and any mode<br />

normallyused on IIF can be used through the tansponder. One<br />

word of cautioq please use only low duty cycle, rurow bandwidth<br />

modes such as SSB and CW. FM is a "hog,' on two counts so don,t<br />

use it on the analog 'birds." DIGI. means a digital transponder<br />

capable of Packet Rdio Communications. A & D nrears both<br />

Analog and Digital transeonden are available. EDU. means<br />

Educatiorul. Tlrcse'birds" are useful as educatiorul denpnstration<br />

tools. They are usully receive only "birds." The oommand station<br />

can change ttre sntents of any nressages and operating modes, but<br />

the user can only listen.<br />

Shtellite MODES are aluays oonfusing to the newcomer,<br />

but ttry are really a oonvenient "shorthend" method of eryressing<br />

tte uplink and downlink bands. For example: MODE ',A" is 2m<br />

up ard 10m down. MODE "B" is 70cm up and 2m down. MODE<br />

"S" is 70cm up ard l3cm dolvn. MODE "K' is l5m up and 10m<br />

do\iln. MODE "I'is 2m up ard 70crn down. Otlrer nrcdes reside<br />

in some of the'birds," hrt these are the orrently used mtr. This<br />

whole mode sctreme will be overhauled with the advent of phase<br />

3D. More about that later.<br />

ORBIT TYPE MODES LAUNCII NATTONALITY<br />

MOLYNIA<br />

LEO<br />

LEO<br />

LEO<br />

MOLYNIA<br />

LEO<br />

LEO<br />

LEO<br />

LEO<br />

LEO<br />

LEO<br />

LEO<br />

LEO<br />

LEO<br />

GEO DR.<br />

LEO<br />

LEO<br />

LEO<br />

LEO<br />

ANALOG<br />

EDU.<br />

MANNED<br />

ANALOG<br />

ANALOG<br />

ANALOG<br />

DIGI.<br />

EDU.<br />

EDU.<br />

DIGI.<br />

A&D<br />

A&D<br />

DIGI.<br />

DIGI.<br />

A&D<br />

DIGI.<br />

DIGI.<br />

A&D<br />

DIGI.<br />

B<br />

2m Rec.<br />

2m FM<br />

A (PRr.)<br />

B,S<br />

K (PRI.)<br />

J<br />

2mRec.<br />

J<br />

J<br />

J<br />

B<br />

J<br />

J<br />

2m&S<br />

J<br />

J<br />

I<br />

J<br />

1983<br />

1984<br />

1986<br />

1987<br />

1988<br />

1989<br />

1990<br />

1990<br />

1990<br />

1990<br />

1990<br />

l99l<br />

1991<br />

1992<br />

1993<br />

1993<br />

1993<br />

t993<br />

1993<br />

MI.JLTI<br />

UK<br />

USSR<br />

USSR<br />

MULTI<br />

USSR<br />

USA<br />

BRAZIL<br />

USA<br />

ARGENTTNA<br />

JAPAN<br />

USSR& GER.<br />

UK<br />

KOREA<br />

FRANCE<br />

KOREA<br />

ITALY<br />

USA<br />

PORTUGAL<br />

33 Spring 1994

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