BIOPIRACY Imitations Not Innovations - Biopirateria

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36 Biopiracy: Imitations Not Innovations therapeutic compositions containing them. Derivation observed: Indigenous use Modern use ● Constipation Haemorrhoids ● Antiseptic toothbrush Herbal tooth powder ● Diabetes Diabetes ● Insect repellent Insect repellent ● Ulcers, hyperdipsia astringent Gastric hyperactivity and ulceration ● Contraceptive Male contraceptive ● Insecticides, pest repellent Ectoparasites, pesticides
Biopiracy: Imitations Not Innovations 37 6. BANISTERIOPSIS CAAPI Other name/s: Ayahuasca. Description and location of the plant: It is found in the rainforests of the Amazon forests. Part/s used: bark. Action and indigenous use of the plant: Its bark is used by the shamans or wise men of the indigenous tribes in the Amazon Basin, in the preparation of a ceremonial drink ayahuasca along with other rainforest plants and used to treat diseases. Modern use in the patent: The challenge to the ayahuasca patent was inspired by India’s successful challenge of the turmeric patent. A patent was granted by the USPTO to Loren S. Miller of the United States over an alleged variety of the Amazonian vine, Banisteriopsis caapi called is “Da Vine”. The plant, which he called used by the traditional healers of the indigenous tribes of the Amazon in the preparation of a ceremonial drink called ayahuasca. This patent was challenged by the CIEL (Centre for International Environmental Law) on behalf of the Coordinating Body of Indigenous Organizations of the Amazon Basin (COICA) and the Coalition for Amazonian Peoples and Their Environment (Amazon Coalition). Even though the patent claim was initially rejected, the decision was reversed and the patent restored to the inventor in April 2001.
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