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we S t e r n he M l o c k lo o P e r Mo n I t o r I n g In t h e ko o t e n aY-Bo u n d a rY a n d th o M P S o n-ok a n a g a n re g I o n S Western hemlock looper populations are monitored on an annual basis at 41 permanent sample sites in the Kootenay Boundary and Thompson Okanagan Regions (Figure 7). Three-tree beatings are conducted in mid-July at all 41 sites to monitor larval populations of western hemlock looper as well as other defoliator species. Six-trap clusters are deployed at 27 of the sites to monitor western hemlock looper moth populations. The traps are placed concurrently with the larval beatings, and are collected during late September or early October after moth flight is complete. Three-Tree Beatings Western hemlock looper and sawflies were the most common and abundant defoliators, recorded at 65% and 55% of the sites sampled, respectively (Table 14). For the second consecutive year, the highest levels of western hemlock looper were at Beaver River, followed by Jumping Creek, Greenbush Lake and Bigmouth Creek. However, the numbers were lower than in 2011. Trace defoliation was recorded at two sites north of Revelstoke at the Goldstream and Pitt Creek sites and northeast of Vernon at Greenbush Lake. Figure 7. Location of western hemlock looper monitoring sites in the Kootenay Boundary and Thompson Okanagan Regions. Ministry of Forests, Lands and Natural Resource Operations, Kamloops, B.C. 58
In the Thompson-Okanagan Region, western hemlock looper was found at 69% of the 16 three-tree beating sites sampled, with an average of 9.6 larvae per site, down from 28.0 larvae per site in 2011. Decline of the hemlock looper in the Serpentine and Mud Lake sites was likely due to the operational spray program undertaken in 2012. In the North Thompson, few larvae were recorded at Finn Creek and TumTum Lake and no larvae were found at Serpentine Creek, Thunder River, Mud Lake and Murtle Lake (Table 14). Population trends in the Mabel Lake/ Three-Valley Gap to Scotch Creek area varied, with small increases at Perry River North and Yard Creek, and significant decreases at Three Valley Gap, Perry River South and the Mabel Lake area (Kingfisher Creek and Noisy Creek). Minor decreases in larval abundance were noted at Scotch Creek and Crazy Creek. Larval populations increased slightly, just south of Sugar Lake along the Shuswap River and Greenbush Lake. Figure 8 shows the variation from 2010 to 2012 in the number of western hemlock looper larvae present in three-tree beatings at sites in the Thompson Okanagan Region. In the Kootenay-Boundary Region, western hemlock looper was recorded at 63% of the 25 three-tree beating sites sampled, compared to 84% in 2011, and 71% in 2010 (one site was not sampled in 2012 due to flooding). Larval counts were down slightly with an average of 18.9 per site in 2012 compared to 21.9 per site in 2011. The highest larval counts were east of Revelstoke at Beaver River and Jumping Creek, followed by two sites north of Revelstoke at Bigmouth and Pitt Creeks. The only sites with notable larval increases were Sutherland Falls, Martha Creek and Jumping Creek. Overall populations south of Revelstoke decreased from an average of 5.6 larvae per site to 1.8 larvae per site, while north and east of Revelstoke, the average larval count decreased from 39.5 larvae per site to 21.0 larvae per site (Figure 9). These decreases are in part due to the 2012 operational spray program conducted north of Revelstoke at the Goldstream and Downie Creek sites. Trace defoliation was noted at two sites: Goldstream River and Pitt Creek. The three major defoliators found during the 2001 to 2003 outbreak in the Kootenay Boundary Region were western hemlock looper, sawflies and western blackheaded budworm, in order of relative abundance. Since 2008, sawflies numbers have remained consistent, while hemlock looper numbers increased in 2011 and 2012. Very low numbers of western blackheaded budworm have been observed since 2006. Figure 8. Western hemlock looper larval counts at sixteen sites in the Thompson Okanagan Region from 2010 through 2012. Ministry of Forests, Lands and Natural Resource Operations, Kamloops, B.C. 59
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2012 Overview of Forest Health Cond
Page 3 and 4:
In t r o d u c t I o n This report
Page 5 and 6:
Table 2 continued. Area summaries f
Page 7 and 8: So u t h e r n In t e r I o r ov e
Page 9 and 10: Attack in young lodgepole pine stan
Page 11 and 12: A total of 116,012 hectares of high
Page 13 and 14: we S t e r n he M l o c k lo o P e
Page 15 and 16: BI r c h le a f MI n e r, fe n u s
Page 17 and 18: th o M P S o n ok a n a g a n re g
Page 19 and 20: Aspen decline syndrome became more
Page 21 and 22: Defoliators Western spruce budworm
Page 23 and 24: Defoliators Western spruce budworm
Page 25 and 26: Conifer Defoliators Western spruce
Page 27 and 28: A Douglas-fir Drought-Decline Compl
Page 29 and 30: Bo u n d a rY tSa Bark Beetles Moun
Page 31 and 32: cr a n B r o o k tSa Bark Beetles M
Page 33 and 34: go l d e n tSa Bark Beetles Mountai
Page 35 and 36: ca r I B o o re g I o n Su M M a r
Page 37 and 38: Douglas-fir beetle continued to be
Page 39 and 40: Defoliators As expected, western sp
Page 41 and 42: Thompson Okanagan Region The Thomps
Page 43 and 44: Table 2. List of western spruce bud
Page 45 and 46: Hiller spraying B.t.k. on budworm b
Page 47 and 48: Kootenay Boundary Region A total of
Page 49 and 50: Abbott’s corrected mortality comp
Page 51 and 52: Figure 5. Density and distribution
Page 53 and 54: 2012 Population Monitoring - Result
Page 55 and 56: Above: Lucy Stad receiving budworm
Page 57: One of the cancelled spray areas in
Page 61 and 62: Figure 9. Average number of western
Page 63 and 64: There is an ongoing study to calibr
Page 65 and 66: Larval density ± SEa b Percent mor
Page 67 and 68: Table 19. Total number of larvae pe
Page 69 and 70: Table 21. Average number of Douglas
Page 71 and 72: This stand has records of defoliati
Page 73 and 74: References Garbutt, R. 1992. Wester
Page 75 and 76: Be a r IM Pa c t S o n gr o w t h o
Page 77 and 78: To better understand the progressio
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