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Findings indicate that bears may need to remove at least a 70%-circumference of tree cambium before an impact on radial growth is evident. Most trees examined received less than 70% removal. With all trees combined, there was no significant reduction in post-damage growth (F=0.67, P
To better understand the progression of root disease, we examined a 21-year old plantation near Grand Forks. The study site is an arrangement of 20 permanent plots consisting primarily of Douglas-fir, lodgepole pine, and western larch. In 2011, we re-inventoried about 3,200 regenerating trees, of which 160 were found to be dead with signs of Armillaria. For each of these, we sawed and collected a cross-section sample of the stem from both the base and at breast height (1.3 metres). Samples were then sanded to better reveal ring patterns before scanning each cross-section at the Nelson Tree Ring Lab for computer software analysis. Based on this analysis, some key findings include: 1. Armillaria disease is evident in tree rings. There is a marked decrease in ring width upon infection. Each subsequent growth ring is also narrow until death. Thus, a ‘signature’is consistently evident. In comparing samples taken from stem bases versus breast height, the signature was more reliably seen at breast height. 2. Mortality peaked at 16 year after plantation establishment. After this time period, morality sharply declined and by 21 years, was insignificant. 3. Heavy mortality was detected during marker years. Findings indicate that a majority of trees died in 2003, 2005, and 2007. This pattern is common for all tree species occurring at the site. Thus, it is likely that an influence (e.g. climate) may play a role. The potential role of climate influencing fluctuations in annual mortality is being investigated. Our findings have implications for species selection, the timing of free-growing surveys and for future yield projections for managed stands in the southern interior where root disease is prevalent. Results may also help predict how climate change will influence forest health in plantations. Ministry of Forests, Lands and Natural Resource Operations, Kamloops, B.C. 77 Armillaria-induced growth reduction prior to death in a 16-year old Douglas-fir. Figure 12. Annual infections and deaths associated with Armillaria (trees planted 1991 and 1995).
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2012 Overview of Forest Health Cond
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In t r o d u c t I o n This report
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Table 2 continued. Area summaries f
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So u t h e r n In t e r I o r ov e
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Attack in young lodgepole pine stan
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A total of 116,012 hectares of high
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we S t e r n he M l o c k lo o P e
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BI r c h le a f MI n e r, fe n u s
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th o M P S o n ok a n a g a n re g
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Aspen decline syndrome became more
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Defoliators Western spruce budworm
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Defoliators Western spruce budworm
Page 25 and 26: Conifer Defoliators Western spruce
Page 27 and 28: A Douglas-fir Drought-Decline Compl
Page 29 and 30: Bo u n d a rY tSa Bark Beetles Moun
Page 31 and 32: cr a n B r o o k tSa Bark Beetles M
Page 33 and 34: go l d e n tSa Bark Beetles Mountai
Page 35 and 36: ca r I B o o re g I o n Su M M a r
Page 37 and 38: Douglas-fir beetle continued to be
Page 39 and 40: Defoliators As expected, western sp
Page 41 and 42: Thompson Okanagan Region The Thomps
Page 43 and 44: Table 2. List of western spruce bud
Page 45 and 46: Hiller spraying B.t.k. on budworm b
Page 47 and 48: Kootenay Boundary Region A total of
Page 49 and 50: Abbott’s corrected mortality comp
Page 51 and 52: Figure 5. Density and distribution
Page 53 and 54: 2012 Population Monitoring - Result
Page 55 and 56: Above: Lucy Stad receiving budworm
Page 57 and 58: One of the cancelled spray areas in
Page 59 and 60: In the Thompson-Okanagan Region, we
Page 61 and 62: Figure 9. Average number of western
Page 63 and 64: There is an ongoing study to calibr
Page 65 and 66: Larval density ± SEa b Percent mor
Page 67 and 68: Table 19. Total number of larvae pe
Page 69 and 70: Table 21. Average number of Douglas
Page 71 and 72: This stand has records of defoliati
Page 73 and 74: References Garbutt, R. 1992. Wester
Page 75: Be a r IM Pa c t S o n gr o w t h o
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