Final Report Supplement - Joint Fire Science Program

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Zotero Report zotero://report/items/520446_XG98FERT-520446_89BHQIMS-520446... A fire history from tree rings in a high-elevation forest of Rocky Mountain National Park Type Journal Article Author Arne Buechling Author William L. Baker Abstract Historical fire patterns in a subalpine forest of Rocky Mountain National Park were quantified from an analysis of forest stand ages and fire-scarred trees. A comparatively detailed sample of 3461 tree cores and 212 fire scars was collected from a 9200-ha study area north of Estes Park, Colorado. A total of 41 fire events were identified in the record. Annually precise fire dates, beginning in 1533, include 22 high-severity crown fires, 7 low-severity surface fires, and 8 mixed-severity events with both surface and crown fire components. Fire rotation was estimated for both surface fires (7587 years) and crown fires (346 years). Fire rotation did not appear to vary with fuel characteristics associated with topographical differences in the study area. Fires larger than 300 ha were few, but they determined a large proportion of the area burned since 1700 and were significantly correlated with a reconstructed index of summer drought. Low fire activity in the 20th century was associated with decreased severity and frequency of drought episodes. Long fire rotations preclude definitive conclusions regarding the effects of fire suppression in the 20th century, but relationships between high-severity fires, fuels, and drought suggest that climatic variability remains the primary influence on fire cycles in high-elevation ecosystems of the southern Rocky Mountains. Publication Canadian Journal of Forest Research Volume 34 Issue 6 Pages 1259-1273 Date June 2004 Journal Abbr Can. J. For. Res. DOI 10.1139/x04-012 ISSN 1208-6037 URL http://www.nrcresearchpress.com/doi/abs/10.1139/x04-012 Date Added Thursday, August 25, 2011 10:47:25 AM Modified Wednesday, August 31, 2011 12:33:54 AM A fire history of a subalpine forest in south-eastern Wyoming, USA Type Journal Article Author Kurt F. Kipfmueller Author William L. Baker Abstract Fire history was determined for part of the Routt-Medicine Bow National Forest in south-eastern Wyoming using fire-scar and age-class analysis. A composite chronology of fire events was used to determine mean fire intervals (MFI) for pre-EuroAmerican settlement, EuroAmerican settlement (before 1868 ad), EuroAmerican settlement and modern (after 1912) periods, for all fires and stand-replacing fires. Point-scale MFI was also determined using grand means from individual trees. Stand-replacing fires were reconstructed to determine fire rotation. MFI for the entire time period is 5.5–8.4 years. MFI decreased from 9.3 to 15.7–1.9–2.9 years from the preto post-EuroAmerican settlement periods, and increased during the modern period. Point-scale MFIs are longer than MFI of the study area. Fire rotation is 182 years for the total period of record, but increased from 127 years during the pre-EuroAmerican settlement period to 170 years during the EuroAmerican settlement period. Fire rotation during the modern period dramatically increased to 27,035 years. Results suggest fire suppression may have influenced the fire regime. Comparison of regional fire events with fire events from this study indicate regional weather has an important influence on Rocky Mountain fire regimes. Publication Journal of Biogeography Volume 27 Issue 1 Pages 71–85 Date January 2000 Journal Abbr J. Biogeogr. DOI 10.1046/j.1365-2699.2000.00364.x ISSN 1365-2699 12 of 626 9/1/2011 11:40 AM
Zotero Report zotero://report/items/520446_XG98FERT-520446_89BHQIMS-520446... URL http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1046/j.1365-2699.2000.00364.x/full Extra Keywords: fire history; subalpine forests; lodgepole pine; fire-scars; Rocky Mountains; Wyoming. Date Added Tuesday, August 30, 2011 2:37:15 PM Modified Wednesday, August 31, 2011 12:15:56 AM A fire history of the high Chisos, Big Bend National Park, Texas Type Journal Article Author W. H Moir Abstract Fire history was studied in cypress forests and pinyon-juniper savannas. Fire dates were determined by tree ring counts from scars on Pinus cembroides. At least 10 fires occurred in the vicinity of Boot Canyon and at least eight on the Rim between 1770 and 1940. Episodic ground fires seem an important mortality factor of established pinyon and cypress saplings, but as trees grow to larger sizes, fire mortality is reduced. Longer fire intervals probably are filters that permit trees to survive into larger, fire-impervious sizes. Surface fires about every 50 years are one way to maintain the vegetation in some semblance of a natural, fire-regulated condition. Publication The Southwestern Naturalist Volume 27 Issue 1 Pages 87–98 Date February 19, 1982 Journal Abbr Southwest. Nat. ISSN 0038-4909 URL http://www.jstor.org/stable/3671411 Date Added Tuesday, August 30, 2011 2:35:38 PM Modified Wednesday, August 31, 2011 12:23:16 AM A framework to diagnose barriers to climate change adaptation Type Journal Article Author Susanne C. Moser Author Julia A. Ekstrom Abstract This article presents a systematic framework to identify barriers that may impede the process of adaptation to climate change. The framework targets the process of planned adaptation and focuses on potentially challenging but malleable barriers. Three key sets of components create the architecture for the framework. First, a staged depiction of an idealized, rational approach to adaptation decision-making makes up the process component. Second, a set of interconnected structural elements includes the actors, the larger context in which they function (e.g., governance), and the object on which they act (the system of concern that is exposed to climate change). At each of these stages, we ask (i) what could impede the adaptation process and (ii) how do the actors, context, and system of concern contribute to the barrier. To facilitate the identification of barriers, we provide a series of diagnostic questions. Third, the framework is completed by a simple matrix to help locate points of intervention to overcome a given barrier. It provides a systematic starting point for answering critical questions about how to support climate change adaptation at all levels of decision-making. Publication Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences Volume 107 Issue 51 Pages 22026-22031 Date December 21, 2010 Journal Abbr PNAS DOI 10.1073/pnas.1007887107 ISSN 0027-8424 URL http://www.pnas.org/cgi/doi/10.1073/pnas.1007887107 Extra Keywords: adapting; social-ecological system; decision process. Date Added Tuesday, August 30, 2011 2:35:38 PM 13 of 626 9/1/2011 11:40 AM
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Final Report Supplement - Joint Fire Science Program

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