Final Report Supplement - Joint Fire Science Program

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Zotero Report zotero://report/items/520446_XG98FERT-520446_89BHQIMS-520446... Issue 3-4 Pages 463-474 Date February 2008 Journal Abbr Climatic Change DOI 10.1007/s10584-007-9295-7 ISSN 0165-0009 URL http://www.springerlink.com/index/10.1007/s10584-007-9295-7 Call Number 0020 Date Added Tuesday, August 30, 2011 2:35:38 PM Modified Wednesday, August 31, 2011 7:18:16 AM An early Cenozoic perspective on greenhouse warming and carbon-cycle dynamics Type Journal Article Author James C. Zachos Author Gerald R. Dickens Author Richard E. Zeebe Abstract Past episodes of greenhouse warming provide insight into the coupling of climate and the carbon cycle and thus may help to predict the consequences of unabated carbon emissions in the future. Publication Nature Volume 451 Issue 7176 Pages 279–283 Date 17 January 2008 Journal Abbr Nature DOI 10.1038/nature06588 ISSN 0028-0836 URL http://www.nature.com/doifinder/10.1038/nature06588 Date Added Tuesday, August 16, 2011 1:13:27 AM Modified Tuesday, August 16, 2011 1:13:27 AM An ecological history of the Great Lakes forest of Michigan Type Journal Article Author Gordon G. Whitney Abstract Summary: (1) The historical development, i.e. changing species composition and the areal extent, of the vegetation of the High Plains region of Michigan is traced with the use of printed and manuscript materials and contemporary forest survey records. (2) The classic pre-settlement Great Lakes pine forest occupied the rolling upland areas and was conditioned to fires at 130-260 year intervals. Fires were much more frequent on the drier outwash sands of the jack pine plains and openings and almost non-existent on the moist hemlock-white pine-northern hardwoods forests of the uplands and the swamp conifer forests of the lowlands. (3) Selective logging of the white pine and later the hemlock and the better hardwoods converted the hemlock-white pine-northern hardwoods type to sugar maple. Waves of fires, following the logging in rapid succession, upset the natural equilibrium of the Great Lakes forest. The ignition of the remaining debris or the slash destroyed the remaining seed trees and the seedling pine in the mixed pine type. The result was a poorly stocked forest of oak sprouts and aspen suckers. Oak and aspen had formerly played a relatively subordinate role in the pre-settlement forest. (4) The cessation of fires in 1920-40 allowed the maturation of the oak, the aspen, and the jack pine and set the stage for the new pulp-oriented industrial forest of the 1950s. Publication The Journal of Ecology Volume 75 Issue 3 Pages 667–684 44 of 626 9/1/2011 11:40 AM
Zotero Report zotero://report/items/520446_XG98FERT-520446_89BHQIMS-520446... Date September 1987 Journal Abbr J. Ecol. ISSN 0022-0477 URL http://www.jstor.org/stable/2260198 Date Added Wednesday, August 24, 2011 2:09:29 AM Modified Saturday, August 27, 2011 1:01:42 AM An environmental narrative of inland northwest United States forests, 1800–2000 Type Journal Article Author Paul F. Hessburg Author James K. Agee Abstract Fire was arguably the most important forest and rangeland disturbance process in the Inland Northwest United States for millennia. Prior to the Lewis and Clark expedition, fire regimes ranged from high severity with return intervals of one to five centuries, to low severity with fire-free periods lasting three decades or less. Indoamerican burning contributed to the fire ecology of grasslands and lower and mid-montane dry forests, especially where ponderosa pine was the dominant overstory species, but the extent of this contribution is difficult to quantify. Two centuries of settlement, exploitation, management, and climate variation have transformed the fire regimes, vegetation and fuel patterns, and overall functionality of these forests. We present a narrative that portrays conditions beginning at the first contact of Euro-American settlers with Indoamericans of the region and extending to the present. Due in part to its geographic isolation, the Inland Northwest was among the last regions to be discovered by Euro-Americans. In 200 years the region has undergone fur trapping and trading, sheep, cattle, and horse grazing, timber harvesting, mining, road construction, native grassland conversion to agricultural production, urban and rural area development, fire prevention, and fire suppression. We highlight key changes to forest landscape patterns and processes that occurred under these combined influences, discuss implications of the changes, and progress towards restoring sustainability. An adaptive ecosystem management model has been adopted by public land management agencies to remedy current conditions. Ecosystem management is a relatively new concept that emphasizes the integrity and sustainability of land systems rather than outputs from the land. Adaptive management emphasizes the twin notions that incomplete knowledge and high degrees of risk and uncertainty about earth and climate systems will always limit land and resource planning and management decisions, and that management is chiefly a learning and adapting process. We discuss current issues and future options associated with ecosystem management, including the low likelihood of social consensus concerning desired outcomes, the lack of integrated planning, analysis, and decision support tools, and mismatches between existing land management planning processes, Congressional appropriations, and complex management and restoration problems. Publication Forest Ecology and Management Volume 178 Issue 1-2 Pages 23–59 Date 3 June 2003 Journal Abbr Forest Ecol. Manag. DOI 10.1016/S0378-1127(03)00052-5 ISSN 0378-1127 URL http://www.cfr.washington.edu/classes.esc.401/InlandPNWForestHistory.pdf Archive http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0378112703000525 Extra Keywords: landscape change; human settlement; management history; environmental narrative; inland northwest; fire regimes; vegetation patterns; adaptive ecosystem management. Date Added Monday, August 29, 2011 5:30:07 PM Modified Wednesday, August 31, 2011 1:41:05 AM An evaluation of spatial and temporal patterns of lightning-and human-caused forest fires in Alberta, Canada, 1980–2007 Type Journal Article 45 of 626 9/1/2011 11:40 AM
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Final Report Supplement - Joint Fire Science Program

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