The differential diagnosis of hypernatraemia in children, with ...

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The Diagnosis of Salt Poisoning Leading to Hypematraemia in Children – September 2009 73. Steinbok P, Thompson GB, Steinbok P, Thompson GB. Metabolic disturbances after head injury: abnormalities of sodium and water balance with special reference to the effects of alcohol intoxication. Neurosurgery 1978; 3: 9-15. 74. Farley PC, Lau KY, Suba S, Farley PC, Lau KY, Suba S. Severe hypernatremia in a patient with psychiatric illness. Arch Intern Med 1986; 146: 1214-5. 75. Welt LG. Hypo- and hypernatremia. Ann Int Med 1962; 56: 161-4. 76. DeRubertis FR, Michelis MF, Beck N, Field JB, Davis BB. “Essential” hypernatremia due to ineffective osmotic and intact volume regulation of vasopressin secretion. J Clin Invest 1971; 50: 97-111. 77. DeRubertis FR, Michelis MF, Davis BB. “Essential” hypernatremia. Report of three cases and review of the literature. Arch Int Med 1974; 134: 889-895. 78. Hayek A, Peake GT. Hypothalamic adipsia without demonstrable structural lesion. Pediatrics 1982; 70: 275-8. 79. Gurewitz R, Blum I, Lavie P, Pertzelan A, Stivel M, Weinstein R et al. Recurrent hypothermia, hypersomnolence, central sleep apnea, hypodipsia, hypernatremia, hypothyroidism, hyperprolactinemia and growth hormone deficiency in a boy -treatment with clomipramine. Acta Endocrinol Suppl (Copenh) 1986; Supplementum. 279: 468-72. 80. Kobayashi H, Miyamoto J, Hasegawa Y. A sudden death due to central hypoventilation in a 3-year-old boy with idiopathic hypothalamic dysfunction. Clinical Pediatric Endocrinology 2003; 12: 7-11. 81. Dunger DB, Lightman S, Williams M, Preece MA, Grant DB. Lack of thirst, osmoreceptor dysfunction, early puberty and abnormally aggressive behaviour in two boys. Clin Endocrinol(Oxf) 1985; 22: 469-78. 82. Lopez-Capape M, Golmayo L, Lorenzo G, Gallego N, Barrio R. Hypothalamic adipic hypernatraemia syndrome with normal osmoregulation of vasopressin. Eur J Pediatr 2004; 163: 580-3. 83. Schaad U, Vassella F, Zuppinger K, Oetliker O, Schaad U, Vassella F et al. Hypodipsiahypernatremia syndrome. Helv Paediatr Acta 1979; 34: 63-76. 84. Conley SB, Brocklebank JT, Taylor IT, Robson AM. Recurrent hypernatremia; a proposed mechanism in a patient with absence of thirst and abnormal excretion of water. J Pediatr 1976; 89: 898-903. 85. Cauble MS, Mack-Shipman L, Schaefer GB, Balakrishnan S, Larsen JL. Idiopathic hypothalamic dysfunction with precocious puberty and adipsic hypernatremia first presenting in adolescence. Journal of Pediatric Endocrinology 2001; 14: 1163-7. 86. McKenna K, Thompson C. Osmoregulation in clinical disorders of thirst appreciation. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 1998; 49: 139-152. 87. Verbalis JG. Diabetes insipidus. Reviews in endocrine and metabolic disorders 2003; 4: 177-185. 93
The Diagnosis of Salt Poisoning Leading to Hypematraemia in Children – September 2009 88. Ize-LudlowD, Gray JA, Sperling MA et al. Rapid-onset obesity with hypothalamic dysfunction, hypoventilation, and autonomic dysregulation presenting in childhood. Pediatrics 2007; 120: 179-188. 89. Roza M, Galbe M, Miguel A, Ramos PE, Rodriguez-Vigil E. Hipernatremia y adipsia en un lactante hidrocefálico [Hypernatremia and adipsia (author’s transl)]. [Spanish]. An Esp Pediatr 1979; 12: 137-44. 90. Schaff-Blass E, Robertson GL, Rosenfield RL. Chronic hypernatremia from a congenital defect in osmoregulation of thirst and vasopressin. J Pediatr 1983; 102: 703-8. 91. Ronconi GF, Ronconi M, Stella M, Soffiati G, Pesenti P. [Neurogenic hypernatremia with adipsia and cerebral malformations in a child with ectrodactyly-ectodermal dysplasia-cleft lip-palate syndrome]. [Italian]. Pediatr Med Chir 1985; 7: 893-7. 92. AvRuskin TW, Tang SC, Juan C. Essential hypernatraemia, antidiuretic hormone and neurophysin secretion: response to chlorpropamide. Acta Endocrinol Suppl (Copenh) 1981; 96: 145-53. 93. Steinbrugger B, Kurz R. [“Essential hypernatremia” as a result of on increased osmoreceptor threshold in a boy with Pierre-Robin disease and corpus callosum agenesis]. [German]. Padiatr Padol 1983; 18: 181-5. 94. Koch A, Zant M, Zimmermann B, Wenzel D, Dorr HG. [Functional disorder of the hypothalamic osmoreceptor as the cause of excessive hypernatremia in a girl with absence epilepsy]. [German]. Klin Padiatr 1998; 210: 39-42. 95. Radetti G, Rizza F, Mengarda G, Pittschieler K. Adipsic hypernatremia in two sisters. Am J Dis Child 1991; 145: 321-5. 96. Ohzeki T, Hanaki K, Asano T, Ishitani N, Wakatsuki H, Shiraki K et al. Hypodipsic hypernatremia associated with absence of septum lucidum and olfactory dysfunction. Acta Paediatr Scand 1986; 75: 1046-50. 97. Sklar CA, Grumbach MM, Kaplan SL, Conte FA. Hormonal and metabolic abnormalities associated with central nervous system germinoma in children and adolescents and the effect of therapy: report of 10 patients. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1981; 52: 9-16. 98. Ito H, Shima T, Sugino M, Yamoto S, Kuroda M. [Neurogenic hypernatremia caused by a teratoma on the supraoptic region (author’s transl)]. [Japanese]. No Shinkei Geka 1975; 3: 691-6. 99. Andler W, Roosen K, Reinhardt V. Hypothalamisch bedingte Stőrungen der Osmoregulation im Kimdesalter [Hypothalamic hyperosmolarity in childhood (author’s transl)]. [German]. Neurochirurgia (Stuttg) 1979; 22: 56-68. 100. Arai K, Akimoto H, Inokami T, Kakuta S, Uchida S, Nagase M et al. [Marked hypernatremia in suprasellar germinoma lacking a sense of thirst]. [Japanese]. Nippon Jinzo Gakkai Shi 1999; 41: 804-12. 101. Macias BA, Martinez Martin FJ, Pablos Velasco PL. [Diabetes insipidus and adipsic hypernatremia in a patient with a craniopharyngioma]. [Spanish]. Anales de Medicina Interna 1999; 16: 87-8. 94
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