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90 Henrik Skult GRAPHTS SCRTPTA s (1993) methylstenosporic acid). Perlatolic acid is sometimes an accessory compound. Strain 2. Corresponds to the race 2 by Culberson et al. (L977) and "P. pulla tipo 1" by Manrique (1989): Divaricatic acid (4-5), stenosporic acid (Llt traces), accessory gyrophoric acid (2-41-), traces of the unknown TE-6 (rarely) and two not exactly determined compounds, probably 4-O-demethyldivaricatic and oxostenosporic acids. Strain 3. Corresponds to the chemistry in P. delisei, presented by Esslinger (1977), with complementary data by Culberson et al. (1977) and Manrique (1989). Constant compounds are glomelliferic acid (4-5), glomellic acid (3- 5) and perlatolic acid (2-5), accessory gyrophoric acid (3-41-). Usually several other compounds occur in small quantities; for instance in a bidirectional TLC analysis (C x B) were found besides the first named constant compounds: Anziaic acid (2), 4-O-methylolivetoric acid (2), loxodellic (isoloxodellic?) acid (1), olivetoric acid (1), probably 4-Omethylglomelliferic acid (2) and traces of three unknown substances (determined by means of data given by Culberson & Johnson 1976). Discussion These studies, mainly performed on Finnish material, show a high degree of similarity with earlier results. In chemical sense the strains 1 and 2 are most closely related, but also strain 3 contains the same category (chemosyndrome) of compounds. This is supported by Manrique (1989 p.254, figure 2): the quantitative HPLC chromatograms show peaks (low) of divaricatic and stenosporic acids also for P. delisei (my strain 3), and peaks of gyrophoric and lecanoric acids for all three strains. In extreme cases "typical delisei" can be identified with help of morphological characters, especially "yellowish tendency" and "maculate upper surface" of the thallus, but as a rule no clear morphological differences exist between "pulla" and "delisei" specimens. Already Esslinger (1977 p. 108) stated: "Overlap in morphological variation is thus much greater between P. pulla and P. delisei, and in fact is virtually complete". The ecological requirements are probably similar for these tara. Representatives for P. pulla (strain 1) and P. delisei (strain 3) are for instance growing side by side on maritime cliffs in the Finnish archipelago. The geographical distribution in Finland is presented in Figure 1. These ta(a are mainly distributed in the southwestern parts of the country, with some scattered sites along the western coast. Strain 2 is very rare, according to this herbarium material. The total distribution area is rather discontinuous, indicating the absence of a planned collecting strategy. The herbarium material has actually been collected during a long period of time, by several persons. On the mainland and in the SW archipelago of Finland the strains L and 3 are well represented, but along the west coast the strain 3 (delisef) is possibly more frequent. Taking into consideration the hitherto known chemical, morphological and environmental data I have the impression that maintaining two tana at species level is untenable. In my opinion the three major chemical strains represent a single species. On chemical grounds and with regard to the existence of subtle morphological differences I propose that P. delisei should be recognized as a variety of Parmelia pulla, i.e. P. pulla var. delisei (D"by) Nyl. Acknowledgements I wish to thank Prof. Teuvo Ahti for valuable discussions and comments on the manuscript. Thanks are due to the staff members of the herbaria which generously arranged loans of lichen material. Refertnces Clauzade, G. & Rorx, C. 1986: Likenoj de Okcidenta Efiropo. Illustrita determinlibro. Bulletin de la Sociitd Botanique du Centre-Quest Nouvelle sdric Numdro Spdcial: 7-1985. "Le Clos de la Lande". S aint - S ulpic e - de - Roy an.
<strong>GRAPHIS</strong> SCRIPTA s (1ee3) Status of Parmelia delisei versus P. pulla 91' Culberson, C. F. t972: Improved conditions and new data for the identification of lichen products by a standardized thinlayer chromatographic method. "I. Chromat72: lL3-L25. Culberson, C. F. & Johnson A. 1976: A standardized two-dimensional thin-layer chromatographic method for lichen products. l. Chromat. 128:253-259. Culberson, C. F., Culberson, W. L. & Esslinger, T. L. 1977: Chemosyndromic variation in the Parmelia pulla group. Bryologist 80: 125-L35. Culberson, C. F., Culberson, W. L. & Johnso, A. 1981: A standardized TLC analysis of p-orcinol depsidones. Bryologist 84: 16-29. Esslinger, T. L. 1977: A chemosystematic revision of the brown Parmeliae. f. Hattori bot. lab. 42: 1,-21L. Huneck, S., Jakupovic, J., John, V. & TabaccH, R. 1989: The chemistry of Parmelia pokornyi and Parmelia pulla from Turkey. I. Hattoi bot. lab. 67: 255-262. Manrique Reol, E. 1989: Aplicaci6n de t€cnicas analiticas e interpretaci6n de las variaciones quimicas en liquenes. An. fard. bot. Madr. 46: 249-257. Rtisiinen, V. 1951: Suomen jekaHkasvio. Ifitopion Luonnon Ysttiviiin Yhdistylcsen Iulkaisuja, A 5: 1-L58. Santessoo, R. 1984: The lichens of Sweden and Norway. Stockholm & Uppsala. Swedish Museum of Natural History.
Page 1 and 2: GRAPHIS SCNIPTA Volym 5, heifte 2,
Page 3 and 4: The lichen flora in the former ship
Page 5 and 6: GRAPHTS SCRIPTA 5 (1993) The lichen
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Page 11 and 12: Pannaria hookeri in Finland ORVO VI
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