APSS 2013 Proceedings - The University of Sydney

Aust. Poult. Sci. Symp. 2013.....24
THE EFFECTS OF DIETARY SUPPLEMENTATION WITH DIFFERENT ORGANIC
SELENIUM SOURCES ON OXIDATIVE STRESS IN BROILERS
P. CELI 1 , P.H. SELLE 1 and A.J. COWIESON 1
Summary
The effect of supplementation of diets for broiler chickens with two organic selenium sources
on oxidative status was evaluated in 288 Ross birds. The birds were fed either a control diet
(no selenium) or experimental diets that contained either selenohomolanthionine (SH) or
seleno-methionine (SM) individually, or in combinations of the two, so as to provide 0.3 mg
organic Se per kg of diet across all diets. At 42 days post-hatch, one bird from each cage was
bled. Plasma was assayed for reactive oxygen metabolites (d-ROMs), biological antioxidant
potential (BAP), glutathione (GSH), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), superoxide dismutase
(SOD) and advance oxidative protein products (AOPP). Breast muscle and liver tissues were
collected and assayed for total antioxidant capacity (TAC), GSH-Px and SOD. Neither of the
Se sources influenced plasma concentrations of ROMs, BAP and AOPP; however they
increased (P > 0.01) GSH-Px and SOD concentrations in plasma, breast muscle and liver.
The GSH-Px increases in plasma and breast muscle generated by SH were numerically
greater than those generated by SM. In summary, both SH and SM improved the antioxidant
status of broilers by elevating activities of antioxidant enzymes in plasma and tissues.
I. INTRODUCTION
The role of Se in poultry nutrition has been reviewed extensively (Surai, 2002a,b). Selenium
is involved in the control of several physiological functions such as growth and
immunocompetence. Se, as a constituent of selenoproteins, has structural and enzymatic
roles, which impact on the antioxidant status and thyroid secretion of the bird (Sevcikova et
al,. 2006). Also, Se is a component of the cell enzyme glutathione peroxidase which has a
protective function in relation to tissue damage from oxidative stress. Usually, inorganic Se is
incorporated into broiler diets as a constituent of the vitamin-trace mineral premix. However,
evidence is emerging that organic Se may be superior to inorganic Se sources (Rutz et al.,
2003; Wang et al., 2011a,b). For this reason two organic Se sources were compared in the
present study. Furthermore, the form of the organic Se was evaluated in order to explore
possible functional differences in vivo.
II. MATERIAL AND METHODS
The feeding study consisted of four dietary treatments based on wheat, soybean meal and
canola meal. Starter diets were offered to birds from 1-21 days-post-hatch and finisher diets
from 22-42 days post-hatch. The composition and the nutrient specifications of the diets are
reported in the companion paper (Selle et al., 2013). The control diet contained a custom
vitamin-trace mineral premix prepared by International Animal Health Products
(Huntingwood, NSW) to Aviagen recommendations for Ross 308 birds. The premix did not
contain any selenium. The experimental diets contained either BiOnyc® Tor-Sel (primarily
composed of selenohomolanthionine; SH) or Alltech Sel Plex TM (primarily composed of
selenomethionine; SM) individually, or in combinations of the two (50% SC:50% SM), so as
to provide at total of 0.3 mg organic Se per kg of diet. Each of the four dietary treatments
were offered to 12 replicates of 6 birds per cage from 1-42 days post-hatch as “starter” (1-14
1 Faculty of Veterinary Science, The University of Sydney. pietro.celi@sydney.edu.au
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