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3 How the baby develops Week 1 First day of your last menstrual period Week 2 Doctors and midwives in the UK time pregnancy from the first day of a woman’s last menstrual period, not from conception. So what is called ‘four weeks’ pregnant’ is actually about two weeks after conception. Pregnancy normally lasts for 37–42 weeks from the first day of your last period. The average is 40 weeks. If you’re not sure about the date of your last period, then an ultrasound scan (see page 56) may give a good indication of when your baby will be due. Week 3 You conceive at about this time H OW THE BABY DEVELOPS Week 4 At this point you will be called 4 weeks’ pregnant Egg being fertilised In the very early weeks, the developing baby is called an embryo. Then, from about eight weeks onward, it is called a fetus, meaning ‘young one’. Fertilised egg dividing and travelling down fallopian tube WEEK 3 (Three weeks from the first day of your last menstrual period.) The fertilised egg moves slowly along the fallopian tube towards the womb. The egg begins as one single cell. This cell divides again and again. By the time the egg reaches the womb it has become a mass of over 100 cells, called an embryo, and is still growing. Once in the womb, the embryo burrows into the womb lining. This is called implantation. Egg being released from ovary 28 Ovary Embryo implanting in womb lining
How the baby develops WEEKS 4–5 Week 4 ACTUAL SIZE ABOUT 5 MM The embryo now settles into the womb lining. The outer cells reach out like roots to link with the mother’s blood supply. The inner cells form into two and then later into three layers. Each of these layers will grow to be different parts of the baby’s body. One layer becomes the brain and nervous system, the skin, eyes and ears. Another layer becomes the lungs, stomach and gut. The third layer becomes the heart, blood, muscles and bones. The fifth week is the time of the first missed period when most women are only just beginning to think they may be pregnant. Yet already the baby’s nervous system is starting to develop. A groove forms in the top layer of cells. The cells fold up and round to make a hollow tube called the neural tube. This will become the baby’s brain and spinal cord, so the tube has a ‘head end’ and a ‘tail end’. Defects in this tube are the cause of spina bifida. At the same time the heart is forming and the baby already has some of its own blood vessels. A string of these blood vessels connects baby and mother and will become the umbilical cord. WEEKS 6–7 There is now a large bulge where the heart is and a bump for the head because the brain is developing. The heart begins to beat and can be seen beating on an ultrasound scan. Dimples on the side of the head will become the ears and there are thickenings where the eyes will be. On the body, bumps are forming which will become muscles and bones. And small swellings (called ‘limb buds’) show where the arms and legs are growing. At seven weeks the embryo has grown to about 10 mm long from head to bottom. (This measurement is called the ‘crown–rump length’.) Week 6 ACTUAL SIZE HEAD TO BOTTOM ABOUT 8 MM Week 7 ACTUAL SIZE HEAD TO BOTTOM ABOUT 10 MM WEEKS 8–9 A face is slowly forming. The eyes are more obvious and have some colour in them. There is a mouth with a tongue. There are now the beginnings of hands and feet, with ridges where the fingers and toes will be. The major internal organs are all developing – the heart, brain, lungs, kidneys, liver and gut. At nine weeks, the baby has grown to about 22 mm long from head to bottom. Week 9 ACTUAL SIZE HEAD TO BOTTOM ABOUT 22 MM 29
Page 1 and 2: Pre the nancy gbook Your complete g
Page 3 and 4: Pre the nancy gbook Your complete g
Page 5 and 6: 11 LABOUR AND BIRTH Getting ready f
Page 7 and 8: Your pregnancy at a glance 16-20 we
Page 9 and 10: Introduction Every parent is differ
Page 11 and 12: Your health in pregnancy • Eat pl
Page 13 and 14: Your health in pregnancy VEGETARIAN
Page 15 and 16: Your health in pregnancy S MOKING W
Page 17 and 18: Your health in pregnancy P HYSICAL
Page 19 and 20: Your health in pregnancy Foot exerc
Page 21 and 22: obstetrician. If you do catch toxop
Page 23 and 24: 2 Conception To understand about co
Page 25 and 26: Conception T HE WOMAN’ S MONTHLY
Page 27 and 28: Conception T HE BEST TIME TO GET PR
Page 29: Conception K NOWING THAT YOU’ RE
Page 33 and 34: How the baby develops WEEKS 15-22 T
Page 35 and 36: 4 Deciding where to have your baby
Page 37 and 38: Deciding where to have your baby HO
Page 39 and 40: Deciding where to have your baby B
Page 41 and 42: 5 Feelings and relationships From t
Page 43 and 44: Feelings and relationships WORRYING
Page 45 and 46: Feelings and relationships FAMILIES
Page 47 and 48: Feelings and relationships C OPING
Page 49 and 50: 6 Mainly for men Some pregnancies h
Page 51 and 52: Mainly for men PRACTICAL SUPPORT Yo
Page 53 and 54: 7 Antenatal care and antenatal clas
Page 55 and 56: Antenatal care and antenatal classe
Page 69 and 70: The feeding question B REASTFEEDING
Page 71 and 72: The feeding question Support contac
Page 73 and 74: The feeding question HOW OFTEN AND
Page 75 and 76: The feeding question B OTTLE FEEDIN
Page 77 and 78: The feeding question The temperatur
Page 79 and 80: 9 Problems Your body has a great de
Page 81 and 82:
Problems FEELING HOT IN PREGNANCY D
Page 83 and 84:
Problems can empty it properly. The
Page 85 and 86:
Problems VAGINAL DISCHARGE Almost a
Page 87 and 88:
10 What you need for the baby This
Page 89 and 90:
What you need for the baby O UT AND
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11 Labour and birth This chapter de
Page 93 and 94:
Labour and birth PAIN RELIEF IN LAB
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Labour and birth • your contracti
Page 97 and 98:
Labour and birth AT THE HOSPITAL Go
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Labour and birth • The heartbeat
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Labour and birth You can have your
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Labour and birth treatment takes ab
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Labour and birth A vaginal breech d
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When pregnancy goes wrong been due.
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13 The first days with your new bab
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The first days with your new baby c
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The first days with your new baby b
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Babies who need special care I NCUB
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The early weeks: you L OOKING AFTER
Page 119 and 120:
The early weeks: you T HE ‘ BABY
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16 The early weeks: your baby The b
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The early weeks: your baby Sadly, w
Page 125 and 126:
The early weeks: your baby CHANGING
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The early weeks: your baby WASHING
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The early weeks: your baby W HERE T
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as green, leafy vegetables and brea
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Rights and benefits How much is it?
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Who gets it? Pregnant women and new
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Rights and benefits You must have n
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• your baby is born before your M
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Rights and benefits (MAT B1 form),
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Rights and benefits Giving notice f
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Rights and benefits If you return t
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• state that this is an applicati
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USEFUL ORGANISATIONS Some of these
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In Northern Ireland: Northern Irela
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INDEX A abnormalities tests to dete
Page 155:
The Pregnancy Book “It contains e
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