draft manuscript - Linguistics - University of California, Berkeley

clitic because it follows other morphemes previously analyzed as clitics (e.g., =mai) and because in
modern Omagua it forms part of the phonological word.
(2.41) eRa cristianokana Dios kumesamaipuRakana eRa amuyasukatataRakana eRas1mamaiwasu1ma,
RanaumanuRaSi, makati Ranasawasuakana usu?
eRa cristiano =kana Dios kumesa =mai =puRa =kana eRa
good Christian =pl.ms God say =inact.nomz =nom.pst =pl.ms good
amuyasukata -taRa =kana eRa -s1ma =mai =wasu =1ma
observe -act.nomz =pl.ms good -core.neg =inact.nomz =aug =priv
Rana= umanu =RaSi makati Rana= sawa -sua =kana usu
3pl.ms= die =nass where 3pl.ms= soul -? =pl.ms go
‘The good Christians, those who observe what God said, those without great evil, when they
die, where do their souls go?
(example (6.20a))
The privative survives in modern Omagua, with an identical function, as in (2.42).
(2.42) Modern Omagua
yuká nIumai mui yak11mamai.
yuká nI= umai mui yak1 =1ma =mai
dem.dist.ms 2sg= look.at snake head =priv =inact.nomz
‘Look at that snake without a head!’
2.3.5 Interrogatives
2.3.5.1 Polar Interrogatives
Old Omagua polar interrogative sentences are surface-identical to declarative sentences with the
exception that the clause is marked by either of the second-position clitics =tipa or =pa. 78 In most
cases this results in one of the clitics attaching to a verb, because the verb phrase is most frequently
the initial constituent in a given sentence. However, negative interrogatives and interrogative sentences
with an initial adverb show an interrogative clitic on the negator or adverb, respectively.
Example (2.43) shows =tipa attaching to an initial VP.
(2.43) neyam1m1atipa upakatu nIĩyamukuikatu neutSakanapupe neyum1Rataikua yeneyaRa Dios?
ne= yam1m1a =tipa upa =katu ne= ĩya =mukui =katu ne= utSa =kana
2sg= grieve =interr all =intsf 2sg= heart =com =intsf 2sg= sin =pl.ms
=pupe
=instr
ne=
2sg=
yum1Ra
get.angry
-ta
-caus
=ikua
=reas
yene=
1pl.incl=
yaRa
master
Dios
God
‘Do you grieve with all your heart because you have angered our Lord God with your sins?’
(example (6.36a))
Example (2.44)-(2.45) shows =tipa attaching to the negator and an initial adverb, respectively.
(2.44) aikiaRa musap1R1ka personakana, Roayatipa musap1R1ka Dios?
78 These clitics also occur on interrogative words in the Jesuit texts (see §2.3.5.2 and §9.4).
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