Adoption of Improved Sorghum and Pearl Millet ... - Icrisat

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Grain characteristics - bold, creamy white grain with purple specks - hard, corneous grain, 3.7 on a 1-5 scale (5 = hardest) - black glumes, very conspicuous - testa (seed coat) absent - tannin content zero - milling quality excellent, 88% flour yield, flour and food quality superior to the older variety Tegemeo, well accepted in Tanzania - malting quality fairly good, 36 SDU value Adaptation. Adapted to loamy and sandy-loam soils of dry central and eastern Tanzania, with intermediate season (120-150 days) and rainfall average of 450-600 mm. Resistant to lodging and to most common leaf and head diseases, but susceptible to leaf blight and stem borers. Yield potential. 3-5 t ha -1 Utilization. Flour used in porridge, grain for malting and brewing for opaque beer, stems as silage for cattle feed. Spillover. Good potential for spillover, eg grain and malt in other areas of Tanzania, and as silage in Zimbabwe because of its high green biomass. Macia (SDS 3220) Open-pollinated (pure line) sorghum variety selected from pedigree M 91057 introduced by SMIP from ICRISAT India as segregating line, indexed as SDS 3220. Released in 1999. Plant characteristics - height 1.3-1.5 m, dwarf to semi-dwarf, with thick stem - tan-colored plant - broad drooping leaves, stay green at maturity and after harvest - semi-compact, large, bulbous panicles, good panicle exsertion, 10-15 cm - mostly non-tillering, average of 1.2 tillers/plant - early to medium duration, 60-65 days to 50% heading, 115-120 days to maturity Grain characteristics - creamy white, medium-sized grain, - hard, corneous grain, 3.8 on a 1-5 scale (5 = hardest) - small, inconspicuous, straw to pink-colored glume, easily threshable - testa (seed coat) absent - tannin content zero - milling quality excellent, 80% flour yield, white flour - malting quality very good, 42.6 SDU value Adaptation. Drought resistant, adapted to loam, sandy-loam and sandy soils in short-season areas (
susceptible to kernel smut. Has the stay green trait for drought resistance, crop residue is suitable for silage. Yield potential. 3-6 t ha -1 Utilization. Multiple food uses: in porridge, in composite flour for bread (20% sorghum, 80% wheat); in biscuits and pasta (50% sorghum, 50% wheat flour). In livestock feed, especially poultry. Crop residue for silage. Spillover. Very widely adapted, fits into agroecologies of dry central and northern Tanzania, southern and western Zimbabwe, northern South Africa, Namibia, Angola, southern Mozambique and the Horn of Africa (Eritrea, Somalia, parts of Kenya). Okoa (TSPM 91018) Pearl millet variety released for general cultivation in Tanzania in 1994. Plant characteristics - height 1.0-2.8 m, medium to tall - dark green plant - green, medium-sized leaves - long, loose, non-bristled, cylindrical panicles with characteristic basal bracts (in 5% of plants) - 2-3 effective tillers/plant - ear length 34-55 cm - free threshability - early maturing; flowers in 59-65 days, matures in 87-92 days Grain characteristics - straw to cream-colored grain, obovate in shape - intermediate to hard grain, medium to large size, 1000-seed mass 12-13 g - grain size: 66% of grains are medium (1.7-2.6 mm), rest are large (>2.6 mm) - seed cover exposed - green-colored glume, turning straw-colored at maturity - anther color mixed, cream and purple Yield potential. 1.9-2.6 t ha -1 Adaptation. Widely adapted, suitable for all pearl millet areas in Tanzania, appreciated for its early maturity, drought tolerance, large seeds, and long panicles. It has also performed fairly well in trials in Zambia, Mozambique, and Malawi. In Zimbabwe, it is vulnerable to terminal drought (although it was originally developed from Zimbabwean germplasm). Resistant to downy mildew, resistant to smut and ergot (
Page 1 and 2: International Crops Research Instit
Page 3 and 4: Adoption of Improved Sorghum and Pe
Page 5 and 6: Contents Sorghum and pearl millet p
Page 7 and 8: Table 1. Sorghum area (‘000 ha) i
Page 9 and 10: Sources: Crop Monitoring and Early
Page 11 and 12: On-station trials, pearl millet The
Page 13 and 14: Fluctuations in planted area Survey
Page 15 and 16: In the 2000 season, the schools con
Page 17 and 18: Adoption of Improved Pearl Millet V
Page 19 and 20: two seasons: 1998/99 (poor season,
Page 21 and 22: Serena is a high-tannin variety. Th
Page 23 and 24: Priority Areas for Sorghum and Mill
Page 25: Annex 1. Improved Varieties Release
Page 29: About ICRISAT The International Cro

Adoption of Improved Sorghum and Pearl Millet ... - Icrisat

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