creating environmental improvements through biodiversity

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Sustainable Aggregates Creating Environmental Improvements <strong>through</strong> Biodiversity Points out that site design often does not include specific, measurable biological aims States that a study on development of a site, looking at initial aims, would provide valuable information on the effectiveness of advice given in best practice guides Points out that the available guides are well researched and useful, but do not address ‘aerodrome safeguarding’ as a planning consideration States that aerodrome safeguarding should be taken into account at an early stage States that after-use of minerals sites has been increasingly considered with awareness of BAPs being raised in the UK by statutory and other conservation bodies States which species are considered to pose a more significant risk to aircraft – generally medium to large birds that form flocks Summarises each reference reviewed Lists key sources of technical information Points out that aerodromes often occupy the flat land of river valleys, which is similar to many sand and gravel extraction sites States that details on specific restorations are mostly within the non-scientific literature in a case study format Points out that restorations are generally not classified into ecologically meaningful categories, and that BAP habitats should be considered Summarises UK BAP targets for habitat creation States that ‘the UK BAP targets for habitat creation therefore favour woodland, heathland and grassland over wetland creation where possible’ and that ‘there is not even a target amount of wetland habitat specified’ – clearly this refers to standing open water rather than wetland - it goes on to state that guidance is left open on amounts of standing open water created States that water bodies of varying size are the main wetland type found in the UK States that the study deals with some of the most interesting and simple relationships of bird populations with water bodies, and that more detailed study is needed Lists some important factors influencing waterfowl use of water bodies from the scientific literature, including: history, management, age, size, basin shape, water source, water quality, stability, depth, ratio of open water to vegetated areas, shore line slope and contour, ratio of shore length to open water, plant species diversity, nearest neighbouring water body, recreational disturbance, fish stocks, islands, pH, bed characteristics, soils States that there is limited long-term monitoring of bird populations on minerals sites Identifies the following gaps in knowledge: • Bird abundance and species diversity in relation to different mineral site restorations • Movements of different bird species on and between water bodies or within larger water body complexes – addressed in the associated bird movement study • Details of waterfowl and gull movements in this context, in a range of seasons and weather conditions, over a 24 hour cycle and at relevant scales Provides list of references Impacts (Actual): The study brought together information from a variety of sources, which will be useful as a reference for future work. It identified a knowledge gap on the relationships of bird populations with different types of water bodies, which the next stages of the study went on to address Impacts (Potential): 90
The review could be used to inform future studies, and as a source of references and case studies for developing guidelines on the habitat creation / bird strike issue Potential Expansion: The literature review could be updated, as there are likely to be further references and case studies now available on the topic Dissemination: This report was disseminated as part of a larger study by CSL and RSPB (‘Developing policy and best practice in relation to restoration following minerals extraction – resolving conflicts with aviation’), which will inform policy and best practice guidance. DEVELOPING POLICY AND BEST PRACTICE IN RELATION TO RESTORATION FOLLOWING MINERALS EXTRACTION – RESOLVING CONFLICTS WITH AVIATION (MIRO, ODPM, DCLG - CSL, RSPB) A Radar Study of Avian Movement at Cotswold Water Park – RAF Fairford, Gloucestershire Richard Walls and Mark Brown (Central Science Laboratory) March 2004 Sustainable Aggregates Creating Environmental Improvements <strong>through</strong> Biodiversity Project Type: radar bird movement study Site: Cotswold Water Park and RAF Fairford, Gloucestershire Project Aim: To better understand the behaviour and spatial extent of bird movements around a wetland environment during both day and night Main Methods: Use of the Central Science Laboratory bird detection radar unit, sited on the airfield of RAF Fairford, Gloucestershire Use of two antenna types – one ‘S-band’ in the horizontal plane and one ‘X-band’ in the vertical plane Recording of all radar target echoes and permanent clutter features around the location, and filtering of these by bird tracking algorithms within a network of PCs Scripting of filtered data to a database (continuously around the clock) Recording of radar parameters for each target echo Unique identification of targets for tracking in successive scans GPS referencing of targets to allow future analysis of trends in bird movement with reference to specific habitat features Ground truthing by an ornithologist to allow comparison of simultaneous bird identification Preliminary non-statistical analysis of most obvious movement patterns, concentrating on dawn and dusk periods Output: Shows identity of birds in flight at least to species groups (e.g. gull, duck) Observes that freezing of some areas of water concentrated waterfowl and gull activity in un-frozen areas Impacts (Actual): This was a pioneering piece of work applying radar technology to the study of bird movements, to address the issue of bird strike. While it may be an expensive approach to use widely, it was effective in this area, 91
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THEME 3 - CREATING ENVIRONMENTAL IM
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CONTENTS Executive summary 5 1. Int
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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY This report revie
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1 INTRODUCTION This sub-theme provi
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2 APPROACH TO REVIEW & SOURCES OF I
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SAMP 3B.8 TAL0040 Thompson, A.; How
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3 BIODIVERSITY & MINERAL SITES 3.1
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and restored areas, can all be mana
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Sustainable Aggregates Creating Env
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ut should not necessarily be applie
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zones would appear inappropriate. R
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Commercial approaches can provide f
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3.5 WORKING TOGETHER The importance
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It is preferable to integrate confl
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3.6 BIODIVERSITY AND MINERAL SITES
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4 GAPS IN KNOWLEDGE / DIRECTIONS FO
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5 DISSEMINATION & IMPACT OF ALSF RE
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6 CONCLUSIONS A number of common th
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Many site BAPs would benefit from i
Page 39 and 40: working and long-term management ar
Page 41 and 42: REFERENCES River Nene From its Sour
Page 43 and 44: publication copy (MIRO, NECESI, The
Page 45 and 46: Websites Holcim website Kahumbu and
Page 47 and 48: ANNEX 1 Summaries of ALSF-funded pa
Page 49 and 50: SYNTHETIC SURVEY OF THE ENVIRONMENT
Page 51 and 52: • Archaeology in the area has pro
Page 53 and 54: authorities, NGOs, local organisati
Page 55 and 56: Recommendation that a systematic me
Page 57 and 58: Recommendation to adopt a flexible
Page 59 and 60: Output: The advocacy report present
Page 61 and 62: Output: Provides a review consideri
Page 63 and 64: DEVELOPING POLICY AND BEST PRACTICE
Page 65 and 66: WATER-BASED QUARRY RESTORATION - OP
Page 67 and 68: SAFEGUARDING MINERAL EXTRACTION SIT
Page 69 and 70: candidates for restoration for biod
Page 71 and 72: Output: Description of SEA, and dif
Page 73 and 74: information and starting to underta
Page 75 and 76: organisations and funding bodies on
Page 77 and 78: Potential Expansion: Co-operation w
Page 79 and 80: estoration of aggregate sites. Stee
Page 81 and 82: free of charge to key stakeholders.
Page 83 and 84: EXTRACTING THE BEST FOR WILDLIFE -
Page 85 and 86: • That a simple methodology for m
Page 87 and 88: sites. Downloads have been recorded
Page 89: extended to work more with quarry o
Page 93 and 94: eminder to consider more local envi
Page 95 and 96: ANNEX 2 TROUT UNLIMITED’S ABANDON
Page 97 and 98: in 450 chapters. Partnership is int
Page 99 and 100: The training programmes cover the f
Page 101 and 102: The Place: Clear Creek begins high
Page 103 and 104: addition, the U.S Department of the
Page 105 and 106: surface limestone deposits are over
Page 107 and 108: and medicinal plots were planted fr
Page 109 and 110: Long-Term Viability The company pos
Page 111 and 112: In addition to providing economic b
Page 113 and 114: Cementia later went into partnershi
Page 115 and 116: The opening of restored quarries fo
Page 117 and 118: intensification of the aquaculture
Page 119: 119 Sustainable Aggregates Creating
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