History Making and Present Day Politics - Stolten's African Studies ...

H i s t o r y i n t h e n e w S o u t h A f r i c a
Notwithstanding this, the present nation-building exercise is increasingly
carried out by cultivating the skills needed in an economic and market-based
context as well as in an ever more globalised environment as Ray observes. 126
A present-minded generation, interested mostly in the market and its utilitarian
values, demonstrates an impatience with history. 127 As a result, history is
often seen as peripheral. Even if official South African rhetoric still promotes
the idea that the past has to be dealt with in order to cope with the present,
the real interest in this past seems to be limited. 128 The overall development
since 1994 has been characterised by a growing “non-use” of history as well as
by the declining prestige of the discipline. 129
Even if President Mbeki’s claim, that historians have ignored Africans in
their writings, might not be very accurate, it is too easy for the historians just
to blame the South African government for their situation. Some historians
still seem to be relatively unconcerned with the legitimate feelings of black
communities and their need for counter-histories of the freedom struggle,
even if it is necessary to recognise that there were in fact victims and heroes in
that struggle. It was hardly possible to avoid the emergence of identity politics
in post-apartheid South Africa, and the idea of a common past that all South
Africans can gather around is probably something of an illusion. The question
may rather be how group identities and a plurality of histories are defined
and used in this new situation. 130
the Nation Address, Cape Town, 15 February 1996; “New Patriotism Must Cut across
Class and Colour”, statement issued by the African National Congress 18 August
1997.
126. Giulia Ray, “Creating the Future – Post-Apartheid Use of History Education for
Nation Building Purposes”, paper presented at the NAI/CAS conference “Collective
Memory and Present-Day Politics in South Africa and the Nordic Countries”,
Copenhagen, 22–23 August 2002.
127. Address by Professor Kader Asmal, (then) Minister of Education for South Africa, to
the Closing Session of the symposium organised by the Anti-Apartheid Movement
Archives Committee to mark the 40th Anniversary of the establishment of the Anti-
Apartheid Movement, South Africa House, London, 26 June 1999.
128. Address of the President of South Africa, Thabo Mbeki, on the occasion of the Heritage
Day celebrations, Taung, North West Province, 24 September 2005.
129. The notion of “non-use” of history has been defined by Johanna Åfreds in History
and Nation-Building – The Political Uses of History in Post-Colonial Namibia, MFSreports
2000, 2, Department of Economic History, Uppsala University, 2000.
130. Glaser, Daryl, Politics and Society in South Africa: A critical introduction, SAGE Publications,
2001, p. 156.
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