16 - 20 MAI MAY 16 - 20 - Canadian Archaeological Association

inging human remains from Inuit graves to Chicago to add to the
Field Museum collections. In 1927 Strong visited the former Moravian
mission station of Zoar where he removed the remains of 22 individuals
from marked graves in a Christian cemetery. A reburial was
staged in 1928 to quiet local anger when people were outraged after
learning about what happened and the facts of the matter remained
unknown in Labrador for more than 80 years. In the Spring of 2011
the remains were returned to the Labrador Inuit and were reburied
at Zoar.
Braun, Gregory V. (University of Toronto) • Between Memory and
Materiality: Biographies of Iroquoian Smoking Pipes [4]
Smoking pipes are ubiquitous finds at many Iroquoian domestic settlements;
however the traditional focus on their decoration may limit
our understanding of the social and mechanical performance of these
objects. This paper therefore employs a biographical approach in order
to better understand the various contexts in which smoking pipes
were manufactured, used and discarded. Petrographic, macroscopic
and experimental techniques are used to examine the ceramic industries
at two Middle Ontario Iroquoian villages that were occupied
during the late 13 th century AD. The resulting data suggest that an important
interplay existed between memory and materiality throughout
the life-cycle of smoking pipes – beginning with the selection of
symbolically charged raw materials for their manufacture, and ending
with their decommissioning, deliberate breakage and discard.
Brien, Marie-Claude (Université de Montréal) • Le cèdre blanc
(Thuja occidentalis) dans le paysage culturel en amont de Montréal au
XIX e siècle. Une approche dendroarchéologique [13]
Le cèdre blanc est une essence forestière fortement utilisée dans les
constructions rurales et urbaines du XIX e siècle. L’analyse dendrochronologique
de six ensembles architecturaux ruraux composés de
bâtiments en pièce-sur-pièce et situés dans les vallées de l’Outaouais
et du haut Saint-Laurent nous a permis d’aborder l’établissement
colonial d’une façon originale. Elle nous en apprend entre autres
davantage sur le paysage culturel domestique et sur les différentes
stratégies d’exploitation des ressources ligneuses. Les chronologies
élaborées à partir de ces sites ruraux ont par ailleurs servi de points
d’ancrage géographique dans la recherche de la région de provenance
des pièces de cèdre blanc mis au jour sur cinq sites archéologiques
montréalais. L’étude de dendroprovenance a permis de différencier
quatre sous-régions d’approvisionnement du cèdre blanc pour
Montréal au XIX e siècle, apportant une meilleure compréhension des
réseaux d’échanges de cette ressource. Cette étude ouvre la voie à
une compréhension renouvelée du patrimoine architectural et archéologique
de Montréal et son amont.
The Eastern white cedar (Thuja occidentalis) in the 19 th century cultural
landscape of Montreal’s upstream valleys: a dendroarchaeological
approach
The Eastern white cedar appears widely in rural and urban construction
of the 19 th century. Dendrochronological study of six rural
building groups, made of stacked logs, in the Ottawa and Upper St.
Lawrence Valleys sheds new light on colonial settlement patterns. It
informs us on aspects of the domestic cultural landscape and on different
strategies for exploiting this forest resource. The chronologies
from these rural sites also serve as geographical anchorage points for
a dendroprovenance study of white cedar timbers recovered from
five archaeological sites in urban Montreal. We have differentiated
four sub-regions that supplied cedar timber to Montreal in the 19 th
century, leading to a better understanding of rural-urban trade networks
for this resource. In these ways, the study refines our understanding
of architectural and archaeological heritage in Montreal and
its upstream hinterland.
Brink, Jack W. (Royal Alberta Museum) • Rock Art and Graffiti Removal
at the Okotoks Site: A Never Ending Problem [22]
A large quartzite glacial erratic south of Calgary has red ochre rock
art in a number of places. This prominent rock has been subjected
to repeated graffiti making by visitors. A program of graffiti removal
using high pressure water spray was undertaken, initially without
archaeological consultation. This oversight led to a second project
where graffiti was removed under close supervision by the author.
Most graffiti falls on non-rock art surfaces but some directly overlies
ochre images. Close inspection of water spraying suggests that no
damage is being done to the underlying rock art. It appears that a
mineral veneer has developed over the ochre, protecting it from damage.
Though far from ideal, water spray removal of graffiti is one tool
to address the never ending problem of continuous vandalism and
protection of the rock art at the Okotoks site.
Brink, Jack (Royal Alberta Museum) • Who’s the Guy with the Spoon
on his Nose? [23]
Peter Ramsden’s sole and entire contribution to my education has
been to teach me about something called a Google-Smack: a juxtaposition
of two words that is so bizarre that no Google search will find
them linked together. Like domesticated fowl coming home to roost,
I now see the words “Honour” and “Peter Ramsden” in the same sentence.
As we pause to reflect on the deeper meaning of this, I provide
a western perspective on Peter’s influence on Canadian archaeology.
And in my remaining 19 minutes…
Brownlee, Kevin (The Manitoba Museum) and Myra Sitchon (The
University of Manitoba) • Shifting research paradigms in archaeological
impact assessments of Hydroelectric Development Projects
along the Churchill River in northern Manitoba [18]
Archaeological investigations in northern Manitoba are driven primarily
by hydroelectric development. The largest project involved
a six year pre-impact archaeological assessment project prior to the
diversion of the Churchill River into the Nelson River in 1976. Its inception
occurred late into the planning process resulting in a lack of
funding, understaffing and limiting its scope. Subsequent archaeological
investigations began 14 years later in 1990 with a post mitigation
reassessment of sites with outcomes that have significantly changed
our perspectives on the ancient history of the region. More recently in
Granville Lake, an area with a proposed hydroelectric dam, archaeological
work initiated by the Okawamithikani First Nation with The
Manitoba Museum, furthers our understanding of site identification
and interpretation in the boreal forest. This presentation compares
archaeological investigations carried out on the Churchill River since
1969 and the role the local community plays in the recording of their
history.
Le développement hydroélectrique dans le nord du Manitoba constitue
le principal moteur derrière la mise en place de programmes
de recherches archéologiques. Réalisé avant la dérivation en 1976 du
Fleuve Churchill vers la rivière Nelson, le projet de plus grande envergure,
d’une durée de six ans, visait à évaluer les impacts de ce projet
sur les ressources archéologiques. Sa mise en place tardive dans le
processus de planification s’est traduit par un manque de financement
et d’effectifs qui ont limité sa portée. Des recherches archéologiques
entreprises 14 ans plus tard, soit en 1990, avaient pour but de réexaminer
les sites qui avaient fait l’objet de mesures d’atténuation. Les
résultats ont changé, de manière significative, notre perspective sur
l’histoire ancienne de la région. Plus récemment, à Granville Lake, une
région visée par la construction d’un autre aménagement hydroélectrique,
le travail archéologique initié par la Nation d’Okawamithikani,
en collaboration avec le Musée du Manitoba, a contribué à faire
avancer notre interprétation et l’identification de sites en forêt boréale.
Cette présentation compare les recherches archéologiques réalisées
sur le Fleuve Churchill depuis 1969 et le rôle des communautés
locales dans la collecte de données concernant leur histoire.
Burke, A. 1 , Guiducci, A., Izquierdo, M., Levavasseur, G., ( 1 Département
d’anthropologie, Université de Montréal) • Modelling climate
variability during the Last Glacial Maximum and its impact on
human population expansion [26]
The “Groupe d’Étude des Dispersions d’Hominidés” was formed in
2008 to investigate the impact of environmental change on the pattern
of hominid dispersals. In this research, we use a high-resolution
climate simulation to test the impact of climate variability on the
distribution of human populations in the Iberian Peninsula during
the Late Glacial Maximum. The effects of climate change on regional
environments during the onset of full glacial conditions in the Iberian
Peninsula is a hotly debated topic, our research helps shed light
on this debate as well as exploring the relationship between climate
variability and population dynamics during the early phases of the
modern human colonisation of Europe.
Burke, Adrian L. (Université de Montréal) • Trois-Rivières et Bécancour
à la fin de l’Archaïque : résultats du projet triennal de l’Université
de Montréal [29]
30