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Embedding R in Windows applications, and executing R remotely

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Us<strong>in</strong>g R to Analyze Space Use by Wildlife<br />

Alan K Swanson, Jennifer W. Sheldon <strong>and</strong> Robert L. Crabtree<br />

Yellowstone Ecosystem Research Center, Bozeman, Montana, USA.<br />

Wildlife researchers have used a variety of ”black-box” computer programs<br />

to generate bivariate pdf’s (known as utilization distributions <strong>in</strong> the wildlife<br />

literature) from a spatial po<strong>in</strong>t pattern of animal relocations. These compet<strong>in</strong>g<br />

programs often give conflict<strong>in</strong>g results when used to estimate parameters of<br />

wildlife space use such as home range area. The authors demonstrate the use of<br />

two-dimensional kernel smooth<strong>in</strong>g functions available <strong>in</strong> R to generate the pdf’s,<br />

<strong>and</strong> then show how these pdf’s may be used to estimate various parameters.<br />

Estimates made us<strong>in</strong>g gaussian kernels are compared to those derived us<strong>in</strong>g<br />

quartic kernels, <strong>and</strong> the effect of sample size is exam<strong>in</strong>ed. Various statistics for<br />

compar<strong>in</strong>g two bivariate pdf’s are presented. B<strong>and</strong>width selection is discussed.

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