The Green Line and the Security Fence:

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18 3. Social Class This parameter is represented jointly by Income and Occupation. Income here means average income within the area, in NIS (New Israeli Shekels). We added to this two variables: Rich and Poor – each represents a percentage of those that fall within the wealthiest 10% and poorest 10%, respectively, of the Israeli population. Academic degree played proxy for Occupation and was measured in aggregate data analysis as a percentage of people with at least a first academic degree. 27 4. Nationality Variables – Jew, Muslim, Christian, and Druze – show the percentage of nationalities of residents in the statistical area. 5. Inner Security (Psychology) DGL is given as the shortest distance (measured in km) from the locality to the closest of three GL segments: Judea, Samaria, or Gaza. 6. Geography DB is given as the distance in km to the closest Israeli border. Location by Sea is a dummy binary variable {1,0} that shows whether a statistical area is located by the sea (Mediterranean or Red) or not. 7. Age
19 Israeli population was divided into 5 age groups: (18-24), (25-44), (45-64), (64-75), (75+), each represented by a percentage. 8. Gender Percentages of Males and Females. Census gave the number of those older than 15 years. Let us stress here that we are not overly concerned with the exact influence of control variables (which are aggregated), but only with their signs and their relevance (supported by high T-statistics). As for psychological and geographical variables, we are concerned with both the value of regression coefficients and their T-statistics. Correlations The strongest correlation, 0.6, is found between Income and Academic Degree. This means that we have here an example of multicolinearity (Ramanathan, 2002: ch.5), and these two variables seem to be interchangeable since both carry the same pro-Left bias. The latter also has a strong correlation with different ethnic backgrounds: 0.4 for Germans and North Americans, 0.23 for Polish, 0.2 for South Americans, nearly 0 for Romanians and Bulgarians, and -0.2 for Asian and African Jews – all at the 1% level. 5. Psychological and Geographical Factors: simple analysis It is not a great surprise that the DGL must be an important factor. In tiny Israel, distances are ridiculously small. Jerusalem is located within 3 km of the border of Judea; Beer-Sheba within 17 km of the border with Gaza; and Tel Aviv and Haifa are within 20 and 39 km, respectively, of the border of Samaria. 28 It is rather a surprise that the P-factor
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