IWMP-2 - Commissionerate of Rural Development Gujarat State ...

Detailed Project Report IWMP-2
Production system: Soya bean Cultivation
Introduction
Agriculture improvement is a personal agenda for the farmers; unlike watershed projects. Encouraging small and marginal farmers for adopting new crop verities
will be benefited to small and marginal framers for better return from agriculture. Entrepreneur farmers are producing agricultural commodities (both food and
non-food crops) for commercial purposes. Their agricultural production is either sold in local markets or exported abroad, mainly through an export agent or
wholesaler. In last decade, Soybean production has increased tremendously. Farmers are more likely to start growing soya if they know more about its advantages.
We have already mentioned that it is a good source of nutrition and provides a welcome addition to diets that are not well balanced. Market of soya bean cultivation
is increasing with good number as giving good return on investment through local market as well as foreign market.
General background on the plant
Family: Leguminosae (sub family: Papilionoideae)
Genus: Glycine
Species: max
Soybeans A legume, the botanical name of which is Glycine max (L) Merrill. Often referred to as the miracle crop, the soybean is the world’s leading provider of
protein and oil. Beans are classed as pulses whereas soybeans are classed as oilseeds. The word soy is derived from the Japanese word-shoyu-
(soysauce/soyasauce). Soybean is the single largest oilseed produced in the World. Soybeans grow on a variety of soils and a wide range of climates. Soya bean can
be grown under a wide range of agro climatic conditions. It is suitable for warm, humid climates. As soybeans mature in the pod, they ripen into hard, dry beans.
Although most soybeans are yellow, there are also rare varieties which are black, brown or green coloured. Soya beans mature in the pod; they ripen into a hard,
dry bean then. A given area of land planted with soybeans can produce much more protein than land planted with other crops, or if the land were used to raise
cattle.
The stems are up to 1.8 m tall and it is sometimes vine-like. The axillaries irregular racemes are often leafy and short (10 - 35) with 5 - 8 flowers. The corollas are
white, pink, greenish blue, violet or purple and 4.5 - 7 mm long., the pods are oblong, 25 - 75 mm long, 8-15 mm broad, yellowish brown, with bristly hairs. There
are 2-3 seeds per pod which are ovoid to sub-spherical, 6 - 11 x 5 - 8mm in size and greenish cream or greyish-olive to reddish black, and smooth.
Gujarat State Watershed Management Agency
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