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What Really Causes Alzheimer's Disease - Soil and Health Library

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USA age-adjusted mortality rates for senile <strong>and</strong> presenile<br />

dementias also rose rapidly at the same time. The associated<br />

decline in deaths recorded as due to senility could not totally<br />

account for these trends. In conclusion, it is unclear how much<br />

of the recent increase in USA age-adjusted Alzheimer’s disease<br />

death rates have been the result of methodological changes<br />

<strong>and</strong> how much they have been caused by real growth in the<br />

prevalence of this illness. However, the apparent increase in<br />

mortality from Alzheimer’s disease at specific ages recorded in<br />

the USA 37 is consistent with very similar trends seen in Australia,<br />

38 Canada, 39 Engl<strong>and</strong>, 40 <strong>and</strong> Norway 41 where Alzheimer’s<br />

disease death rates also appear to have risen. The best present<br />

answer that can be given truthfully to the question, “Is an 80<br />

year old man or woman in the USA or Europe more likely to<br />

develop Alzheimer’s disease now than they would have been<br />

in 1907 when Alois Alzheimer first identified the disease?” is<br />

“Probably.”<br />

SUMMARY<br />

Studies of the history of Alzheimer’s disease are bedevilled by<br />

problems of identification. Although a wide range of high <strong>and</strong><br />

low technology 42-43 has been developed to aid in its diagnosis,<br />

the most definitive way of establishing the presence of this disorder<br />

is still that which was first pointed out by Alois Alzheimer<br />

—extensive brain deposits of amyloid plaques <strong>and</strong> neurofibrillary<br />

tangles. As a consequence of this difficulty with diagnosis,<br />

<strong>and</strong> since there are some 70 other types of dementia, it is very<br />

hard to know whether historical references to senile dementia<br />

really referred to Alzheimer’s disease. There is no evidence from<br />

mummies, known to this author, that suggests that they did.<br />

It is almost as difficult to establish whether age-adjusted incidence<br />

<strong>and</strong> mortality have been rising since 1907, when<br />

21

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