ASNT Level III- Visual & Optical Testing

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7.4 Using Etchants After proper surface preparation and safe mixing of etchants, the application of etchants to the test object may be done with immersion or swabbing. The technique is determined by the characteristics of the etchant being used. 7.4.1 immersion During immersion, a test object is completely covered by an etchant contained in a safe and suitable material- glass can be used for most etchants except hydrofluoric acid, fluorine materials, strong alkali and strong phosphoric acid. A glass heat resistant dish on a hot plate may be used for heated solutions. The solution should be brought to temperature before the test object is immersed. Tongs or other handling tools are used and the test object is positioned so that the test surface is face up or vertical to allow gas to escape. The solution is gently agitated to keep fresh etchant in contact with the test object. Charlie Chong/ Fion Zhang
7.4.2 Swabbing Etching may also be done by swabbing the test surface with a cotton ball, cotton tipped wooden swab, bristled acid brush, medicine dropper or a glass rod. The cotton ball and the cotton tipped wooden swab generally are saturated with etchant and then rubbed over the test surface. Tongs and gloves should be used for protection and the etchant applicator must be inert to the etchant. For example, strong nitric acid and alkali solutions attack cotton and these etchants must be applied using a fine bristle acid brush. A glass or plastic medicine dropper may be used to place etchants on the test object surface and a suitable stirring rod can be used to rub the surface. The test object may be immersed in etchant and swabbed while in the solution. Charlie Chong/ Fion Zhang
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ASNT Level III- Visual & Optical Te
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At works Charlie Chong/ Fion Zhang
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Charlie Chong/ Fion Zhang Fion Zhan
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SECTION 4: BASIC AIDS AND ACCESSORI
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PART 4: MACHINE VISION TECHNOLOGY 4
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PART 6: TEMPERATURE INDICATING MATE
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PART 4: MACHINE VISION TECHNOLOGY 1
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5.1 Cellulose Acetate Replication A
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5.1.2 Fracture Surface Analysis The
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Replicas, in the as-stripped condit
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Microstructural replication is done
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If analysis with the scanning elect
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Sputter deposition is a physical va
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Sputtering http://en.wikipedia.org/
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Sputtering http://clearmetalsinc.co
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Sputter Deposition Charlie Chong/ F
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5.1.4 Strain Replication The replic
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FIGURE 56. Principles of acetate ta
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Fatigue striations Charlie Chong/ F
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FIGURE 59. Documentation of creep d
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FIGURE 60. Documentation of stress
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TABLE 14. Action required for creep
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Cellulose Acetate Replication http:
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Replication Microscopy Techniques f
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Replication Microscopy Techniques f
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5.2.1 Use of Silicone Replicating M
Page 53 and 54: FIGURE 63. Silicon replicas used to
Page 55 and 56: Brittle Failure Chevron Marking Cha
Page 57 and 58: PART 6: TEMPERATURE INDICATING MATE
Page 59 and 60: Temperature indicating sticks were
Page 61 and 62: Levels of Charlie Chong/ Fion Zhang
Page 63 and 64: 6.2 Certification of Temperature In
Page 65 and 66: 6.3 Applications for Temperature In
Page 67 and 68: 6.3.2 Verifying Oven Temperatures T
Page 69 and 70: 6.3.4 Process Control Applications
Page 71 and 72: 6.3.6 Precise Post forming Heat Con
Page 73 and 74: Another example of handforrning is
Page 75 and 76: 6.3.7 Pipeline Coatings Epoxy powde
Page 77 and 78: The most common use for temperature
Page 79 and 80: FIGURE 67. Temperature indicating s
Page 81 and 82: PART 7: CHEMICAL AIDS 7.0 General T
Page 83 and 84: 7.1 Test Object Selection Figure 68
Page 85 and 86: 7.2 Surface Preparation Preparation
Page 87 and 88: 7.2.2 Removing Rust and Scale Rust
Page 89 and 90: If the required finish cannot be ac
Page 91 and 92: FIGURE 70. Example of contrast reve
Page 93 and 94: 7.3.2 Safety Precautions Etchants a
Page 95 and 96: Etchant Safety Charlie Chong/ Fion
Page 97 and 98: Etchant Safety Charlie Chong/ Fion
Page 99 and 100: 7.3.3 Containers Containers used wi
Page 101 and 102: 1. add the acid or alkali to the wa
Page 103: 7.3.6 Disposal Before disposing of
Page 107 and 108: 7.4.4 Test Object Preservation Rins
Page 109 and 110: 7.5 Conclusion Visual testing is pe
Page 111 and 112: Cellulose Replica Sheets Charlie Ch
Page 113: Charlie Chong/ Fion Zhang
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ASNT Level III- Visual & Optical Testing

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