ASNT Level III- Visual & Optical Testing

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7.2.3 Grinding and Polishing Fine grinding and polishing are needed for visual tests of small structural details, welds and the effects of heat treatment. Finer grinding usually is done with 80 to 150 abrasive grit followed by 150 to 180 grit and finally 400 grit (an American indication of grit size, 400 being the finest). At each stage, marks from previous grinding must be completely removed. Changing the grinding direction between successive stages of the process aids the visibility of previous coarser grinding marks. Coolant is required for grinding and typical abrasives include emery, silicon carbide, aluminum oxide and diamond. Charlie Chong/ Fion Zhang
If the required finish cannot be achieved by fine grinding with 400 grit abrasive, the test surface must be polished. Polishing is generally done with a cloth-covered disk and abrasive particles suspended in paste or water. Common polishing media include aluminum oxide, magnesium oxide, chromium oxide, iron oxide and diamond with particle sizes ranging from 0.5 to 15 μm. During polishing, it is critical that all marks from the previous step he completely removed. If coarser marks do not clear, it may be necessary to repeat a previous step using lighter pressure before continuing. Failure to do so can yield false indications. Charlie Chong/ Fion Zhang
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ASNT Level III- Visual & Optical Te
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At works Charlie Chong/ Fion Zhang
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Charlie Chong/ Fion Zhang Fion Zhan
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SECTION 4: BASIC AIDS AND ACCESSORI
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PART 4: MACHINE VISION TECHNOLOGY 4
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PART 6: TEMPERATURE INDICATING MATE
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PART 4: MACHINE VISION TECHNOLOGY 1
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5.1 Cellulose Acetate Replication A
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5.1.2 Fracture Surface Analysis The
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Replicas, in the as-stripped condit
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Microstructural replication is done
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If analysis with the scanning elect
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Sputter deposition is a physical va
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Sputtering http://en.wikipedia.org/
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Sputtering http://clearmetalsinc.co
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Sputter Deposition Charlie Chong/ F
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5.1.4 Strain Replication The replic
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FIGURE 56. Principles of acetate ta
Page 37 and 38: Fatigue striations Charlie Chong/ F
Page 39 and 40: FIGURE 59. Documentation of creep d
Page 41 and 42: FIGURE 60. Documentation of stress
Page 43 and 44: TABLE 14. Action required for creep
Page 45 and 46: Cellulose Acetate Replication http:
Page 47 and 48: Replication Microscopy Techniques f
Page 49 and 50: Replication Microscopy Techniques f
Page 51 and 52: 5.2.1 Use of Silicone Replicating M
Page 53 and 54: FIGURE 63. Silicon replicas used to
Page 55 and 56: Brittle Failure Chevron Marking Cha
Page 57 and 58: PART 6: TEMPERATURE INDICATING MATE
Page 59 and 60: Temperature indicating sticks were
Page 61 and 62: Levels of Charlie Chong/ Fion Zhang
Page 63 and 64: 6.2 Certification of Temperature In
Page 65 and 66: 6.3 Applications for Temperature In
Page 67 and 68: 6.3.2 Verifying Oven Temperatures T
Page 69 and 70: 6.3.4 Process Control Applications
Page 71 and 72: 6.3.6 Precise Post forming Heat Con
Page 73 and 74: Another example of handforrning is
Page 75 and 76: 6.3.7 Pipeline Coatings Epoxy powde
Page 77 and 78: The most common use for temperature
Page 79 and 80: FIGURE 67. Temperature indicating s
Page 81 and 82: PART 7: CHEMICAL AIDS 7.0 General T
Page 83 and 84: 7.1 Test Object Selection Figure 68
Page 85 and 86: 7.2 Surface Preparation Preparation
Page 87: 7.2.2 Removing Rust and Scale Rust
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Page 93 and 94: 7.3.2 Safety Precautions Etchants a
Page 95 and 96: Etchant Safety Charlie Chong/ Fion
Page 97 and 98: Etchant Safety Charlie Chong/ Fion
Page 99 and 100: 7.3.3 Containers Containers used wi
Page 101 and 102: 1. add the acid or alkali to the wa
Page 103 and 104: 7.3.6 Disposal Before disposing of
Page 105 and 106: 7.4.2 Swabbing Etching may also be
Page 107 and 108: 7.4.4 Test Object Preservation Rins
Page 109 and 110: 7.5 Conclusion Visual testing is pe
Page 111 and 112: Cellulose Replica Sheets Charlie Ch
Page 113: Charlie Chong/ Fion Zhang
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ASNT Level III- Visual & Optical Testing

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