Technical Guide to EcoSan Promotion

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Improved crop production is noted when one drum of urine collected per week in school units and 20 litres per week in household units are used. Urine fertilized fields have better yields and are not infested with pests. One person generates enough fertilizer to produce 250 kg of cereals per yr.
Technical Guide to EcoSan Promotion References Arnold (2008). Finance for Sanitation - Financial benefits and limits of the EcoSan toilet in Kenya, unpublished study works Conant, J. (2005). Sanitation and Cleanliness for a Healthy Environment. Hesperian Foundation, UNDP, Sida. Conant, J. (2005). Sanitation and Cleanliness for a Healthy Environment, Hesperian Foundation, UNDP, Sida. Costford (2007). Cost Effective Construction Technology at COSTFORD. Available at: http://59.92.116.99/website/RDC/docsweb/Booklet-Laurie%20Baker/3.The % 20 Legacy /3c- Cost % 20 effective % 20 construction % 20 technology .pdf. Last reviewed October 11, 2008 VinnerÂs, B. Jˆnsson, H. Salomon, E. and Stintzing, A.R. 2003. Tentative guidelines for agricultural urine and faeces in Ecosan – closing the loop. Proceedings of the 2nd international symposium on ecological sanitation, incorporating the 1st IWA specialist group conference on sustainable sanitation, 7th – 11th April 2003, L¸beck, Germany. Oduor A.R. and Malesu M.M. 2005. Managing Water for Food Self-sufficiency. Summary of seminar proceedings for World Vision Staff. Nairobi, Kenya. Tilley, Elizabeth et al, 2008. Compendium of Sanitation Systems and Technologies. Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology (Eawag). D¸bendorf, Switzerland. Esrey, Steven A., Andersson, Ingvar et al. (2003). Closing the Loop – Ecological sanitation for food security. Schertenleib R. and Morel A. (2003). The Household-Centred Environmental Sanitation Approach (HCES). Paper presented at the 3rd World Water Forum, Kyoto, 16 – 23 March 2003. Swiss Federal Institute for Environmental Science and Technology (EAWAG), Water and Sanitation in Developing Countries (SANDEC), D¸bendorf, Switzerland. WHO and UNICEF (2006). Meeting the MDG Drinking Water and Sanitation Target. The Urban and Rural Challenge of the Decade. Geneva, Switzerland. Otieno M. O., Elisabeth V.M., Arnold K., and Gert B. 2010. Viability of ecological sanitation in urban areas in Kenya -a case study of Nakuru town. Nieuwehaven Gouda and UNESCO- IHE, Delft, The Netherlands. Odhiambo, J. O., Martinsson, E., Soren, S., Mboya, P. and Onyango, J. 2008. Integrated water, energy and sanitation solution for stand alone settlements, Conference on Water and Sanitation in International Development and Disaster Relief. University of Edinburg in Edinburg, UK 2008, http://www2.gtz.de/dokumente/oe44/ecosan/nl/en-kenia-standalone-settlement-iwess-gtz-paper- 2008.pdf. 87
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Technical Guide to EcoSan Promotion
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Cataloguing-in-publication data Pub
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Preface The EcoSan Promotion Projec
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Acronyms ABR BC BDBR BOD COD DTS Ec
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3.3.2 Current design and costs of U
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List of figures Figure 1 : Average
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1.1 Global historical perspective t
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1.3 The MDG sanitation targets Acco
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There are some 50 diseases, includi
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1.6 Kenyan context of eco-sanitatio
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The most commonly used technologies
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The EU-GTZ-SIDA EcoSan Promotion pr
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Vision 2030 focuses on correcting K
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2.1 The Philosophy of Ecological-sa
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The benefits of humanure is maximiz
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2.4 Reaping maximum benefits from E
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Figure 4 : Ecosan water and nutrien
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24 Figure 5 : Imparting knowledge o
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2.8 Policy And Advocacy Issues On S
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Other very involved ministries are
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Sanitation coupled with hygienic ha
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Of these, 470 million live in Afric
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3.1 Introduction A Urine Diverting
Page 48 and 49: The diverted urine that is loaded w
Page 50 and 51: Flush systems come in different des
Page 52 and 53: alternately with only one vault in
Page 54 and 55: Slab thickness of 80 mm is used to
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Page 58 and 59: Figure 8: Modulated squatting pan i
Page 60 and 61: Although this is the cheapest optio
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Page 64 and 65: 4.1 Introduction An Anaerobic Baffl
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Page 68 and 69: Table 4: The charge ratio for vario
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Page 72 and 73: Anaerobic baffled reactor (ABR) con
Page 74 and 75: conditions. To produce acetic acid,
Page 76 and 77: 5.1 The Fossa Alterna 5.1.1 Introdu
Page 78 and 79: • Add more leaves periodically to
Page 80 and 81: Once working at full capacity it is
Page 82 and 83: • No electrical energy required
Page 84 and 85: • Ensure that primary treatment i
Page 86 and 87: • Ensure that primary treatment i
Page 88 and 89: 6.1 Introduction Many public instit
Page 90 and 91: 6.2 Case examples of schools using
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Page 114 and 115: 102 Annex 3 Drawings of 6m Anaerobi
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Page 128 and 129: Annex 4 Sources of waste water cons
Page 130 and 131: Volume of liquid(VL) m 3 /d Is equa
Page 132 and 133: Length of each chamber m 1 Depth of
Page 134: About this book In Kenya, many publ
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