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94 CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES [Oc. Papers In Idaho, it has been taken in Bonner (Clark's Fork, Lower Kootenai River), Kootenai (Blue Lake, Mount Carlton), Valley (Payette Lake, McCall), Ada (Boise), Elmore (Atlanta), Custer (Alturas Lake, Sawtooth), Jerome (between Blue Lakes and Shoshone Falls), Bannock (Mink Creek near Pocatello), and Bear Lake (Deep Lakes, Bloomington Canyon), counties. Utah counties from which this toad are known are Salt Lake (Salt Lake City, Fort Douglas), Summit (Kimballs near Park City), Utah (Provo, Utah Lake), Wasatch (Wasatch Mountains at 8,728 feet near the head of Big Cottonwood Canyon, and in Little Cottonwood and Provo canyons), and Juab (Juab), counties. Bufo boreas halophilus Baird & Girard California Toad Plate 13 Bufo halophilus Baird & Girard, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., VI, 1853, p. 301 (type locality, Benicia, California) ; Girard, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1854, p. 87; Baird, U. S. Mex. Bound. Surv., II, Rept., 1859, p. 26, pi. 41, figs. 7-12; Cooper, Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci., IV, 1870, p. 64. Bufo chilensis Gunther, Cat. Batrach. Salient. Brit. Mus., 1858, p. 56 (part). Bufo halophilus CoPE, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., No. 1, 1875, p. 29; Yarrow & Henshaw, Ann. Rep. Chief of Engineers for 1878, Sur\\ W. 100th Merid., Append. NN, 1878, p. 208; Boulengi31, Cat. Batrach. Salient. Brit. Mus., 1882, p. 295, fig. (part) ; Yarrow, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., No. 24, 1883, p. 162 (part) ; TowNSEND, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., X, 1887, p. 241; Stejneger, N. Amer. Fauna, No. 7, 1893, p. 220; Dickerson, Frog Book, 1906, p. 113, pis. XLI, XLII, XLIII; Hurter, First Ann. Rep. Laguna Marine Lab., 1912, p. 67; Storer, U. C. Journ. Agric, II, No. 3, 1912, pp. 88-91; Ruthling, Lorquinia, Vol. I, No. 1, 1916, p. 6. Bufo boreas Boulenger, Cat. Batrach. Salient. Brit. Mus., 1882, p. 296, fig. (part). Bufo columbicnsis Cope. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1883, p. 32; Mearns, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., No. 56, 1907, pp. 133, 138. Bufo colu7nbiensis halophilus CoPE, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., No. 34, 1889, p. 269, fig. 64. Bufo boreas nelsoni Stejneger, N. Amer. Fauna, No. 7, 1893, p. 220, pi. 3, figs. 4a, 4b (type locality, Oasis Valley, Nye County, Nevada); Dickerson. Frog Book, 1906, p. 116; Camp, Univ. Calif. Publ. Zool., XVII, 1917, pp. 115, 117; Grinnei.l & Camp, Univ. Calif. Publ. Zool., XVII, No. 10, 1917, p. 143. Bufo boreas halophilus Camp, Univ. Calif. Publ. Zool., XVII, No. 9, 1917, p. 116; Grinnell & Camp, Univ. Calif. Publ. Zool., XVII, No. 10, 1917, p. 142; Stejneger & Barbour, Check List N. Amer. Amph. Rept., 1917, p. 27; Nelson, Mem. Nat. Acad.
No. 16] AMPHIBIANS OF WESTERN NORTH AMERICA 95 Sci., XVI, 1921, p. 113; Schmidt, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., XLVI, Art. XI, 1922, pp. 612, 615, 629, 634; Stejneger & Barbour, Check List N, Amer. Amph. Rept., 1923, p. 24; Pratt, Verteb. Animals of the U. S., 1923, p. 174; Grinnell & Storer, Animal Life in the Yosemite, 1924, pp. 655-657, pi. 60a; Storer, Univ. Calif. Publ. Zool., XXVII, 1925, p. 169. Bufo borealis halophilus Stephens, Trans. San Diego Soc. Nat. Hist., Ill, No. 4, 1921, p. 60. Description. — Size large; head a little broader than long, rounded in outline from above. Snout broadly truncate, overhanging in profile. Nostril horizontal or directed slightly downward, nearer to tip of snout than to orbit; distance between nostrils less than interorbital width; interorbital width equal to or very little greater oval or than width of upper eyelid. Tympanum small, broadly roundish in outline. Canthus rostralis moderately prominent or obscure. Parotoid glands well developed, elongate or sometimes roundish in outline. Limbs robust; a prominent inner sole tubercle; two large palmar tubercles; under surfaces of feet with minute tubercles; subarticular tubercles prominent; fingers and toes with rounded knob-like ends. Skin smooth; back and dorsal surface of hind limbs with widely scattered roundish or elongate warts. Under surfaces granular, with small tubercles on thighs. Tongue narrow, oval in outline, attached centrally and anteriorly. Ground color above grayish or greenish, spotted or reticulated with black. Warts on back may be with or without black borders. A narrow yellowish dorsal stripe extends from tip of snout to anus. Under surfaces yellowish, sparsely spotted with black. Some individuals are uniform yellowish without the black markings. Measurements of 6 Specimens in the Collection of the California Academy of Sciences Snout to anus 72 77 78 82 86 93 Width of head 30 33 32 35 38 35 Diameter of eye 8-10 10 10 11 10 Interorbital width 7 6 5 8 6 7 Snout to orbit 12 12 12 12 11 9 Nostril to orbit 6 6 5 7 7 7 Fore limb 50 47 38 49 42 47 Hind limb 90 83 95 101 99 97 Length of foot 48 46 54 55 51 57 Breadth of foot 18 21 25 28 30 27 Habits.— This species is common throughout its range. It usually inhabits flower gardens, roads or sheltered paths, where it can be found feeding shortly after dark. Its food consists principally of September 15. 1928
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Occasional Papers OF THE CALIFORNIA
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To the memory of JOHN VAN DENBURGH
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CONTENTS PAGE INTRODUCTION 9 Synops
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No. 16] AMPHIBIANS OF WESTERN NORTH
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THE AMPHIBIANS OF WESTERN NORTH AME
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