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33 CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES [Oa Papers Sci. Mex., Batrach., 1881, p. 27; Boulenger, Cat. Batrach. Salient. Brit. Mus., 1882, p. 435. Scaphiopiis couchii (var. varhis) CoPE, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1866, p. 313. Scaphiopus varins varius CoPE, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mu.s., No. 1, 1875, p. 31; Yarrow, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., No. 24, 1883, p. 177 (part). Scaphiopiis varius rectifrenis Cope, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., No. 1, 1875, p. 32; Yarrow, Bull, U. S. Nat. Mus,, No. 24, 1883, p. 193. Scaphiopus couchi YARROW, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., No. 24, 1883, p. 177 (part) ; Belding, W. Amer. Scientist, III, No. 24, 1887, p. 99. Scaphiopiis couchii varitis Garman, Bull. Essex Inst., XVI, No. 1, 1884, p. 46; Cope, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., No. 32, 1887, p. 12; Cope, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., No. 34, 1889, fig. 75. Description. — Head about as broad as long, rounded in outline from above. Snout overhanging in profile. Nostrils directed upwards, nearer to tip of snout than to orbit; distance between nostrils less than interorbital width; interorbital width less than width of upper eyelid. Tympanum indistinct, oval in outline, about half the diameter of the eye. Parotoid glands obscure, covered with small tubercles. Fore limbs heavy, with one or two indistinct palmar tubercles; third finger longest, second and fourth about equal; tips with small knobs; fingers without webs. Femur longer than tibia; under surfaces of feet smooth, toes fully webbed. Metatarsal tubercle on inner edge of foot greatly enlarged, with a free and sharp edge. Tongue large, free and slightly notched behind, lateral borders free. Vomerine teeth in two small patches between the choanae. Skin covered with small tubercles, more numerous on sides; under surfaces fairly smooth, back of thigh with minute tubercles. Dorsal coloring in alcohol olive, or brownish, spotted or mottled with black. These black markings sometimes form into indistinct bands. Back of limbs yellowish, sparsely spotted with black. Under surfaces yellowish or brownish, without markings. Measurements of 6 Specimens in the Collection of the California Academy of Sciences Snout to anus 59 60 61 62 63 64 Width of head 24 24 24 25 26 23 Diameter of eye 6 6 7 7 7 6 Interorbital width 6 5 6 5 6 6 Snout to orbit 10 10 10 9 10 10 Nostril to orbit 6 6 6 6 6 5 Fore limb 34 31 34 31 34 31 Hind limb 70 77 76 73 67 70 Length of foot 27 28 30 26 26 30
No. 16] AMPHIBIANS OF WESTERN NORTH AMERICA gQ Habits.— The habits of this spadefoot are similar to those of Scaphiopus hammondii. In the spring of 1919, while the writer was on a trip from La Paz to San Jose del Cabo, Lower California, Mexico, a halt was made to rest the pack animals and to take shelter from an approaching thunder storm. During the storm the road became a rushing river, which however, quickly dried when the rain had passed, leaving a few puddles in the depressions. As if by magic these became filled with spadefoot toads till several hundred had congregated in two or three of the pools. These particular puddles were visited the next day and until they had dried up, but the toads never appeared again. Distribution.— Scaphiopus couchii ranges from Texas to Arizona south into Mexico. It is common in the Cape Region of Lower California. In Arizona, it has been collected in Cochise (Willcox, Fairbank), and Pima (Tucson, Roebles Ranch near Coyote Springs between Tucson and the Baboquivari Mountains) counties. In Sonora, it has been taken at Nogales. In Lower California, it has been secured at Cape San Lucas, San Jose del Cabo, Miraflores between La Paz and San Pedro, La Paz, Mulege, and San Ignacio. Family 6. BUFONID^ In this family the vertebras are procoelus and without ribs; the sternum is usually a cartilaginous plate; the frontoparietals are completely ossified; the pterygoid bone is absent. Genus 12. Bufo Bufo Laurenti, Syn. Rept., 1768, p. 25 (type, vulgaris=bufo) . In this genus, the only one represented within the limits of this work, the pupil may be round or horizontal. The parotoid glands are always present. The skin is usually rough, covered with warts. The vomers are without teeth. Synopsis of Species and Subspecies a.— Cranial crests absent or obscure, b.— Cranial crests absent. c.— Parotoid glands widely separated; size larger, d.— Parotoid glands roundish, sole tubercles smaller.
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Occasional Papers OF THE CALIFORNIA
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To the memory of JOHN VAN DENBURGH
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CONTENTS PAGE INTRODUCTION 9 Synops
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No. 16] AMPHIBIANS OF WESTERN NORTH
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THE AMPHIBIANS OF WESTERN NORTH AME
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TRUSTEES, OFFICERS, COUNCIL AND MUS
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