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108 CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES [Oc. Papers Measurements of 5 Specimens in the Collection of thk California Academy of Sciences Snout to anus 42 44 47 47 55 Width of head 20 20 21 19 22 Diameter of eye 5 4 6 6 7 Interorbital width 3 3 4 3 4 Fore limb 23 26 31 26 32 Hind limb 54 58 67 65 66 Length of foot 27 29 24 23 27 Distribution.— This toad probably is confined to the coastal belt of southern California, where it has been taken at Santa Paula, Ventura County; Tujunga Wash near Sunland, Los Angeles County; and at Campo, Lakeside, Pine Valley, and on the San Luis Rey River, three miles west from Bonsall, San Diego County. Bufo alvarius Girard Giant Toad Plate 17 Biifo alvarius Girard, U. S. Mex. Bound. Surv., II, 1859, Pt. 2, Rept., p. 26, pi. 41, figs. 1-6 (type locality. Valley of Gila and Colorado=Fort Yuma, Calif.) ; Cooper, Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci., IV, 1870, p. 66; CouES, Surv. W. 100th Merid., V, 1875, p. 628; Cope, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., No. 1, 1875, p. 29; Yarrow, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., No. 24, 1883, p. 193; Cope, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., No. 34, 1889, p. 265, fig. 62; Cope, Amer. Naturalist, XXX, 1896, p. 1014; DiCKERSON, Frog Book, 1906, p. 106, pis. XXXVI, XXXVII, color pi. V, fig. 4; Ruthven, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., XXIII, 1907, p. 505; Mearns, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., No. 56, 1907, pp. 113, 118; Stone, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1911, p. 223; Van Denburgh & Slevin, Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci., Ser. 4, III, 1913, pp. 392, 395; Camp, Univ. Calif. Publ. Zool., XII, 1915, p. 509; Grinnell & Camp, Univ. Calif. Publ. Zool., XVII, No. 10, p. 144; Stejneger & Barbour, Check List N. Amer. Amph. Rept., 1917, p. 26; Schmidt, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., XLVI, Art. XI, 1922, pp. 618, 619; Stejneger & Barbour, Check List N. Amer. Amph. Rept., 1923, p. 23; Pratt, Verteb. Animals of the U. S., 1923, p. 171; Storer, Univ. Calif. Publ. Zool., XXVII, 1925, p. 163. Description.— Size very large; head a little broader than long, oval in outline from above. Snout vertical or slightly overhanging in profile. Nostril directed downward, nearer to tip of snout than to orbit; distance between nostrils less than interorbital width; interorbital width about twice that of upper eyelid. Tympanum large, oval in outline; surface smooth. Parotoid glands very elongate and greatly enlarged, separated posteriorly by twice their length. Cranial crests very prominent, forming a curved ridge
No. 16] AMPHIBIANS OF WESTERN NORTH AMERICA JQQ around the inner edge of the orbit. Limbs robust; a large elongate wart on the femur and two or three smaller roundish ones on the tibia. Dorsal surfaces covered with small roundish tubercles. Feet thick, with large palmar tubercles; subarticular tubercles small and round; fingers with enlarged knob-like ends. Tibia longer than femur; under surfaces of the feet with small tubercles; palm tubercles greatly enlarged; three to four prominent whitish warts at the angle of the jaw. Skin on dorsal surface smooth, becoming rugose laterally. Under surfaces smooth anteriorly, thigh and posterior portion of abdominal region granular. Dorsal color in alcohol greenish, with reddish tubercles sometimes edged with darker red or brown. Ventral surface yellowish, clouded with gray on gular region. Finger tips reddish-brown or black. Young individuals have the dorsal surfaces covered with small reddish warts or tubercles. Measurements of 6 Specimens in the Collection of the California Academy of Sciences Snout to anus 79 85 110 110 120 130 Width of head 32 35 52 51 52 57 Diameter of eye 7 8 15 11 10 12 Interorbital width 7 9 12 12 15 17 Snout to orbit 11 12 18 18 16 20 Nostril to orbit 6 7 11 10 11 10 Fore limb 41 41 58 60 62 68 Hind limb 90 96 154 148 146 163 Length of foot 44 48 67 65 67 74 it Habits.— Abundant at Yuma, Arizona, in the early spring, where was taken in considerable numbers while feeding on beetles about the electric lights. The stomachs of those taken were found to contain the remains of two or three species of large beetles. At Tucson, Arizona, it was found out on the desert at night a mile or more from the nearest water. Distribution.— This species has been found in northern Sonora, southern Arizona and southeastern California. In California, it has been secured only in Imperial County, at Meloland. Holtville. Fort Yuma, and on the Colorado River two miles above Picacho. In Arizona it has been collected in Yuma (Yuma), Maricopa (Phoenix, Tollada^^'s Well. Sentinel), Pinal (Maricopa), Pima (Tucson, Sabino Canyon, Catalina Mountains 18 miles north of
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Occasional Papers OF THE CALIFORNIA
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To the memory of JOHN VAN DENBURGH
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CONTENTS PAGE INTRODUCTION 9 Synops
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No. 16] AMPHIBIANS OF WESTERN NORTH
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THE AMPHIBIANS OF WESTERN NORTH AME
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