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4 introduction In the exuberant language of the late ’80s and early ’90s, the year 2000 was supposed to herald the beginning of “The Pacific Century.” Three months into the new century, Asia is described in much less glowing terms, using adjectives such as “post-crisis” or “recovering.” Scholars and analysts, having tripped over one another trying to explain the Asian miracle, are now tripping over each other trying to explain the Asian crisis. If the crisis has been good for any one group, it would be the community of Asia watchers who have thrived on the puzzlement around the dramatic turn of events of the past few years. Since the Asia Pacific Foundation of Canada would qualify as an “Asia watcher,” I make this point with some degree of irony. There is already a voluminous amount of material written on the Asian crisis and much more on Asia generally, but much of it is neither very good, nor very relevant to the needs of Canadians. In this Internet age, getting information on just about any topic is not difficult; the challenge is finding quality information that is consistent and reliable, with the necessary insight and foresight. This is where the Foundation comes in. It has been 10 months since we began the transition to a knowledge-based organization. We identified Canada-Asia relations as our niche and set out to develop a range of products and services that meet the needs of businesspeople, policymakers and the education community. We have put special emphasis on electronic distribution, believing that timeliness and the ability to disseminate material widely are no less important than the material itself. Recently, we launched Canada-Asia News, a daily e- mail bulletin on Canada-related Asian news culled from more than 200 media sources around the world. Many of these stories involve business deals, government initiatives, or foreign country perspectives that do not find their way into the mainstream Canadian press. Another recent product is the Canada-Asia Pacific Research Network (CAPRN), an on-line database of expertise on Asia and a forum for the exchange of quality information and research on Canada-Asia relations. Befitting this new emphasis on electronic dissemination, we completely redesigned our website and re-launched it in December 1999 as . But a good website is not enough. We feel that the time has come for a major event that brings together the best ideas on Canada-Asia relations and which clearly signals Canada’s commitment to the region. Amazingly, for a country that speaks so often of the importance of the Asia-Pacific region, an event of this sort does not already exist. In
October 2000, we will hold the first Asia Pacific Summit at Simon Fraser University’s Centre for Dialogue in downtown Vancouver. The centrepiece of the facility — the Asia Pacific Hall — is the physical legacy of Canada’s Year of Asia Pacific in 1997, and a fitting venue for the launch of what we hope will, over time, be recognised as a premier Asia-Pacific conference. Our efforts with the new media and the Asia Pacific Summit are extensions of something we have been doing with “old” media since 1996. Canada Asia Review remains our flagship print publication and we have used it to promote debate on key aspects of Canada-Asia relations. This year is no different. You will find in this issue regular features such as the year in review, the Canada Asia Report Card, and an expanded statistical annex on Canada- Asia relations.The rest of the document is organized around the theme of globalization and its implications for Canada-Asia relations. 5 In choosing this theme, we are consciously placing Canada-Asia relations in the larger context of Canada’s place in the global economy. We do so because the everyday choices that are made by Canadian businesspeople, policymakers and individual consumers are rarely based on narrow categories such as Canada-Asia relations, but are influenced by a range of diverse factors, some more parochial than others. We cannot advance our understanding of Canada-Asia relations without understanding the larger context within which the relationship exists. For example in Chapter 4, rather than simply asking how to enhance Canada-Asia economic relations, we look at what closer economic integration with the United States means for Canada-Asia ties, and whether it is in our interest to resist certain forms of even closer integration with the US. Likewise in Chapter 6, we look at the implications of globalization for all kinds of government international cooperation activities, rather than just at Canadian aid to developing Asia as a self-contained policy category called “development assistance.” One of the underlying messages in this year’s Canada Asia Review therefore is that Canada- Asia relations is not some rarefied field for Asian specialists to debate in musty seminar rooms. Rather, it is nuts and bolts issues — trade, investment, aid, immigration, tourism, study abroad, peace and security — that affect and are affected by mainstream concerns in Canada. The Foundation is committed to helping Canadians better understand the relevance of the Asia Pacific to their lives and to ensuring that Canada benefits from this understanding. I hope you find Canada Asia Review 2000 stimulating reading. Dr. John D. Wiebe President and CEO Asia Pacific Foundation of Canada
Page 1 and 2: asia pacific foundation of canada 1
Page 3: ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○
Page 7 and 8: OVERVIEW 1 asia in convalescence 7
Page 9 and 10: ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○
Page 11 and 12: GRADE ‘98 Inward Investment C- In
Page 13 and 14: THE CHALLENGE OF GLOBALIZATION Unde
Page 15 and 16: The largest pool of investable Cana
Page 17 and 18: enabled Canada to take a stronger r
Page 19 and 20: emoval. However, most of the change
Page 21 and 22: MAJOR EVENTS 2 a year in review 21
Page 23 and 24: stock markets were climbing. As the
Page 25 and 26: six-fold in Thailand. With the exce
Page 27 and 28: the past played a very small role i
Page 29 and 30: it had allowed in recent years. A m
Page 31 and 32: SECURITY BACKTRACK While economic c
Page 33 and 34: Outbreaks of violence in other part
Page 35 and 36: ECONOMIC RELATIONS 3 looking for a
Page 37 and 38: TODAY’S DELAY IS TOMORROW’S LOS
Page 39 and 40: ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○
Page 41 and 42: to achieve operating efficiencies t
Page 43 and 44: Finally, foreign investment by Cana
Page 45 and 46: NORTH AMERICAN INTEGRATION 4 too mu
Page 47 and 48: similar to that with the US with on
Page 49 and 50: British Columbia provides a recent
Page 51 and 52: part of US-assembled goods bound fo
Page 53 and 54: ASIAN EXPERTISE 5 hidden advantage
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cautioned that “not every Asian C
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usiness skills to enhance Canada-As
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6 DEVELOPMENT ASSISTANCE ODA for a
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the term “development assistance
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The report emphasizes the need to
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ASIA PACIFIC FOUNDATION OF CANADA 7
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CANADIAN EDUCATION CENTRE NETWORK T
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NOTES CHAPTER 1 1. Based on markets
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NOTES 5. Research by Tamim Bayoumi
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REFERENCES —. Statistics Canada.
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REFERENCES United Nations Conferenc
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STATISTICAL APPENDIX ASIAN MOTHER T
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STATISTICAL APPENDIX CANADA’S TRA
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