parks victoria technical series marine natural values study vol 2 ...

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Parks Victoria Technical Series No. 79 Flinders and Twofold Shelf Bioregions Marine Natural Values Study Agreement (CAMBA, Parks Victoria 2006a). The threatened southern right whale Eubalaena australis, humpback whale Megaptera novaeangliae, southern elephant seal Mirounga leonina and New Zealand fur seal Arctophoca forsteri use the MS waters. New Zealand fur seals and Australian fur seals Arctocephalus pusillus doriferus use the intertidal reef as a haul-out site for most of the year (Parks Victoria 2006a). The killer whale Orcinus orca, bottlenose dolphin Tursiops truncatus and common dolphin Delphinus delphis have been observed in the waters in and around the park (Parks Victoria 2006a). Seventeen species of marine flora and fauna are believed to be at their eastern or western distributional limits within the MSP. Serious threats to the Beware Reef MNP include limited ecological knowledge of important processes. Invasive marine pests from commercial and recreational boats; anchor damage; poaching of abalone; increased sediments from catchment runoff; and climate change all pose serious threats to the integrity of the MNP (Carey et al. 2007b). Measures to address or minimise these threats form part of the management plan for Beware Reef MNP (Parks Victoria 2006a). Ongoing intertidal and subtidal reef monitoring, and specific research aims to increase ecological knowledge about the natural values of, and threats to Beware Reef MNP. Figure 39. Finger sponge, feather stars, zooanthids and butteryfly perch Caesioperca lepidotera on subtidal reef on Beware Reef Marine Sanctuary. Photo by Mark Norman Museum of Victoria. 3.1.1 PHYSICAL PARAMETERS & PROCESSES Beware Reef MS is 220 hectares in size which makes it the 15th largest of the 24 Marine National Parks or Sanctuaries in Victoria (Table 28, Figure 40). The reef is granite rising from a sandy sea floor (Ball and Blake 2007; Edmunds et al. 2010b). The seafloor of the park drops away to 33.5 metres in depth (Figure 41) and the MS is predominately > 20 metres deep (Ball and Blake 2007). Prevailing winds and swells are generally from the south-west and south-east (Parks Victoria 2006a). The MS is influenced by high-energy waves and currents (Parks Victoria 2006a). Tidal variation is 0.9 metres for spring tides and 0.6 metres for neap tides (Plummer et al. 2003). Surface water temperatures average 18.5 91
Parks Victoria Technical Series No. 79 Flinders and Twofold Shelf Bioregions Marine Natural Values Study °C in the summer and 13.5 °C in the winter. The MS is influenced by the warm East Australian Current waters and the cooler Bass Strait waters. The continental slope is close and cold-water upwellings are frequent (ECC 2000). These upwellings provide nutrients to the inshore ecosystems, contributing to high productivity (ECC 2000). No estuaries or intermittent creeks run directly into the park as it is an isolated reef offshore from the coast (Table 28).There are no declared sites of geological or geomorphological or biotic significance in the MS (Figure 42). Table 28. Physical attributes of the Beware Reef Marine Sanctuary. Park Name Beware Reef Conservation status Marine Sanctuary Biophysical Region Twofold Shelf Size 220 ha (ranked 15 th of 24) Length of adjacent coastline 0 km Shoreline geology Granite Area with depth:
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Figure 15. Location of habitat type
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Page 61 and 62: Figure 17. Location map of Point Hi
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Parks Victoria is responsible for m
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