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Parks Victoria Technical Series No. 79 Flinders and Twofold Shelf Bioregions Marine Natural Values Study Reef Subtidal reefs and the assemblages associated with them are strongly influenced by the position of the reef, its orientation, slope, depth, exposure and topography (Connell 2007). These physical parameters influence key physical processes such as light, water flow and sedimentation, and biological processes such as foraging and recruitment (Connell 2007). Biotic assemblages of algae and sessile invertebrates can form habitat and food sources for invertebrates and fish. Shallow (
Parks Victoria Technical Series No. 79 Flinders and Twofold Shelf Bioregions Marine Natural Values Study Invertebrate fauna Common invertebrate grazers found on Point Hick reefs include blacklip abalone Haliotis rubra, the eastern temperate gastropod Astralium tentoriformis, warrener Turbo undulates and sea urchin Heliocidaris erythrogramma. Predatory invertebrates include dogwhelks Dicathais orbita, eastern rock lobster Jasus verreauxi, octopus Octopus moarum and a wide variety of seastar species (Williams et al. 2007; Edmunds et al. 2010b). The cunjevoi Pyura stolonifera is an obvious invertebrate on the reef close to shore (Ball and Blake 2007). In general, Point Hicks shallow subtidal reefs are characterised by high abundances of the predatory gastropod Cabestana spengleri, the seastar Patiriella calcar and moderate abundances of blacklip abalone Haliotis rubra and the red bait crab Plagusia chabrus (Parks Victoria 2003; Edmunds et al. 2010b). Point Hicks MNP invertebrate assemblage is distinct from Cape Howe and Beware Reef regions (Edmunds et al. 2010b). The long-spined black sea urchin Centrostephanus rodgersii (Figure 24) does occur in Point Hicks MNP (Williams et al. 2007). Centrostephanus forms large grazing aggregations which denude the reef of erect algal species, forming ‘sea urchin barrens’ and these have been observed in the MNP (O'Hara 2000; Holmes et al. 2007a; Edmunds et al. 2010b). The occurrence of urchin barren habitat reflects the influence of species from the east coast of Australia on the MNP (Williams et al. 2007). Removal of large seaweeds by Centrostephanus causes substantial changes to subtidal reef community structure (Williams et al. 2007). Figure 24. Black urchins Centrostephanus rodgersii and butterfly perch Caesioperca lepidoptera in Point Hicks Marine National Park. Photo by Mark Norman Museum of Victoria. Deep subtidal reefs (> 20 m) are dominated by sessile invertebrates. From 15 – 20 m to approximately 40 m depth, the Ecklonia canopy thins out and is gradually replaced by a ‘garden’ of massive erect sponges, encrusting sponges, gorgonian coral Mopsella zimmeri, sea-whip coral Primnoella australasiae, and basket star Conocladus australis (Ball and Blake 2007). 56
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Page 51 and 52: Figure 15. Location of habitat type
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4 Appendix 1 Compilation of species
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Biotic group Family Species Common
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Parks Victoria is responsible for m
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