The Frontal lobes - Mahidol University

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19/07/54 Blood supply Branches of the middle cerebral artery provide most of the arterial blood supply for the primary motor cortex. The medial aspect (leg areas) is supplied by branches of the anterior cerebral artery. Neural input from the thalamus The primary motor cortex receive thalamic input from the Ventral lateral nucleus of the Thalamus. Pathology Lesions of the precentral gyrus result in paralysis of the contralateral side of the body (facial palsy, arm‐/leg monoparesis, hemiparesis) ‐ see upper motor neuron. 44
19/07/54 Schizophrenia • Schizophrenia is a psychotic disorder involving disturbance of thought, emotion and behavior • The lifetime prevalence of schizophrenia is about 1% – Onset is usually in late adolescence – Substance abuse is a co‐morbid condition in 50% of schizophrenia patients Ch 11.1 Positive Symptoms of Schizophrenia Negative Symptoms of Schizophrenia • Positive symptoms involve excesses or distortions – Disorganized speech (thought disorder) – Hallucinations are sensory experiences that occur in the absence of environmental stimulation • Hallucinations are commonly auditory – Delusions are beliefs that are contrary to reality • Persecutory delusions are common • Negative schizophrenia symptoms are characterized by behavioral deficits – Avolition refers to a lack of energy and an inability to persist in routine activities – Alogia refers to a reduction in the amount or content of speech – Anhedonia is an inability to experience pleasure – Asociality refers to a severe impairment in social relationships Ch 11.2 Ch 11.3 Etiology of Schizophrenia • Genetic studies using twin, family and adoption techniques reveal that a predisposition for schizophrenia is transmitted genetically Genetic Studies of Schizophrenia Relation to Proband Spouse 1.00 Grandchildren 2.84 Nieces/nephews 2.65 Children 9.35 Siblings 7.30 DZ twins 12.08 MZ twins 44.30 Percentage Schizophrenic Ch 11.5 Ch 11.6 45
Page 1 and 2: 19/07/54 415703 Cognitive Neuropsyc
Page 3 and 4: 19/07/54 Betz ells Anatomy of the m
Page 5 and 6: 19/07/54 The premotor cortex is dys
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Page 13 and 14: 19/07/54 Basal ganglion and Extrapy
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Page 17 and 18: 19/07/54 The frontal eye fields (FE
Page 19 and 20: 19/07/54 สมองคน Frontal
Page 21 and 22: 19/07/54 Brodmann’s area is a reg
Page 23 and 24: 19/07/54 Paul Pierre Broca (June 28
Page 25 and 26: 19/07/54 Brodmann area 45 (BA45), i
Page 27 and 28: 19/07/54 Prefrontal cortex Brodmann
Page 29 and 30: 19/07/54 The Brodmann area 32 32, a
Page 31 and 32: 19/07/54 Impairment of social and m
Page 33 and 34: 19/07/54 Frontal lobe and Executive
Page 35 and 36: 19/07/54 An interesting phenomenon
Page 37 and 38: 19/07/54 The Frontal Lobes The pref
Page 39 and 40: 19/07/54 Impairment of Abstract Rea
Page 41 and 42: 19/07/54 Impairment of Motor Functi
Page 43: 19/07/54 Confabulation and Reduplic
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The Frontal lobes - Mahidol University

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