ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This guide was made possible with the support of the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation under the <strong>Impact</strong> <strong>Assessment</strong> of Innovative Humanitarian Assistance Projects initiative. The authors would like to thank Regine Webster, Kathy Cahill, Mito Alfieri, and Dr Valerie Bemo from the Foundation for their extraordinary support and encouragement. We would also like to thank the organizations participating in the project under the Bill and Melinda Gates funded Sub-Saharan Famine Relief Effort “Close to the Brink” for their willing participation and valuable contributions. In particular we would like to single out the Country Offices of Catholic Relief Services (CRS) in Mali, International Medical Corps (IMC) Office in Nairobi representing Southern Sudan, the Africare Country Offices in Niger and Zimbabwe, Save the Children (USA) Country Office in Malawi, Lutheran World Relief Office in Niger, and the Country Office of CARE International in Zimbabwe. To Ms Amani M’Bale Poveda, Mamadou Djire, Sekou Bore, Kabwayi Kabongo, Moussa Sangare, Michael Jacob, Robert Njairu, Charles Ayieko, Chris Dyer, Simon O’Connel, Abdelah Ben Mobrouk, Omar Abdou, Hawada Hargala, Halima tu Kunu Moussa, Ousmane Chai and Mahamout Maliki, Mme Ramatou Adamou, Mahamadou Ouhoumoudou, Jacque Ahmed, Heather Dolphin, Megan Armistead, Sekai Chikowero, Paul Chimedza, Stanley Masimbe, James Machichiko, Timm Musori , Dr Justice Nyamangara, Frank Magombezi, Paradza Kunguvas, Enock Muzenda, Godfrey Mitti, Kenneth Marimira, Swedi Phiri, Innocent Takaedza, Priscilla Mupfeki, Admire Mataruse, Lazarus Sithole, Stephen Manyerenye, Tess Bayombong, Stephen Gwynne-Vaughan, Mati Sagonda, Colet Gumbo, Zechias Mutiwasekwa, Calvin Mapingure, Shereni Manfred, Cuthbert Clayton, Lazarus and Andrew Mahlekhete, Mohamed Abdou Assaleh, Moustapha Niang’ Mousa Channo, Marie Aughenbaugh, Ibrahim Barmou, Alkassoum Kadade, Maman Maman Illa, Ousmane Issa, Sani Salissou Fassouma, Geraldine Coffi, Mariama Gadji Mamudou, Guimba Guero, Adamou Hamidou, Hamidu Idrissa, Alhassan Musa, Hamza Ouma, Amadu Ide, Adam Mohaman, Megan Lindstrom, Devon Cone, Alexa Reynolds, Julia Kent, Joseph Sedgo, Mohammed Idris and the SCF Malawi team, Carlisle Levine, Izola Shaw, Katelyn Brewer, Jessica Silverthorne, Amy Hilleboe, and Ryan Larrance many thanks for your participation, contributions and support. From the Feinstein Center many thanks go to Dr Peter Walker, Dr Helen Young, Katherine Sadler, Sally Abbot, Dr Daniel Maxwell, Yacob Aklilu, Dr Berhanu Admassu, Hirut Demissie, Haillu Legesse, Rosa Pendenza, Elizabeth O’Leary and Anita Robbins for providing technical and administrative support. And to Cathy Watson, many thanks for proof reading and edits. 4
ABBREVIATIONS ALNAP CAHW CBO CI GIRA HAP-I HH IIED M&E NGO OLP PIA PRA Active Learning Network for Accountability and Performance Community Animal Health Worker Community Based Organization Confidence Interval Gokwe Integrated Recovery Action (project) Humanitarian Accountability Partnership Household Institute for Environment and Development Monitoring and Evaluation Non Governmental Organization Organizational Learning Partnership <strong>Participatory</strong> <strong>Impact</strong> <strong>Assessment</strong> <strong>Participatory</strong> Rural Appraisal 5