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ii The focus on ocean forecasting, scientific support for ecosystem-based management, and ocean-observing capabilities was born out of a comprehensive community effort to define ocean research priorities for the United States for the next decade. Aspects of these three central elements are evident throughout the twenty (20) national ocean research priorities, oriented around the most compelling issues in key areas of interaction between society and the ocean (societal themes). These priorities, each with equal weight, focus on understanding critical ocean processes and interactions, and applying that understanding 1 toward stewardship and responsible use of the ocean. Theme 1: Stewardship of Natural and Cultural Ocean Resources Research Priority 1: Understand the status and trends of resource abundance and distribution through more accurate, timely and synoptic assessments Research Priority 2: Understand interspecies and habitat/species relationships to support forecasting resource stability and sustainability Research Priority 3: Understand human-use patterns that may influence resource stability and sustainability Research Priority 4: Apply advanced understanding and technologies to enhance the benefits of various natural resources from the open ocean, coasts, and Great Lakes 2 Theme 2: Increasing Resilience to Natural Hazards Research Priority 5: Understand how hazard events initiate and evolve and apply that understanding to improve forecasts of future hazard events Research Priority 6: Understand the response of coastal and marine systems to natural hazards and apply that understanding to assessments of future vulnerability to natural hazards Research Priority 7: Apply understanding to develop multi-hazard risk assessments and support development of models, policies, and strategies for hazard mitigation 3 Theme 3: Enabling Marine Operations Research Priority 8: Understand the interactions between marine operations and the environment Research Priority 9: Apply understanding of environmental factors affecting marine operations to characterize and predict conditions in the maritime domain Research Priority 10: Apply understanding of environmental impacts and marine operations to enhance the marine transportation system
Theme 4: The Ocean’s Role in Climate Research Priority 11: Understand ocean-climate interactions within and across regions Research Priority 12: Understand the impact of climate variability and change on the biogeochemistry of the ocean and implications for its ecosystems Research Priority 13: Apply understanding of the ocean to help project future climate changes and their impacts 4 5 indicators and metrics for sustainable use and effective management 6 Theme 5: Improving Ecosystem Health Research Priority 14: Understand and predict the impact of natural and anthropogenic processes on ecosystems Research Priority 15: Apply understanding of natural and anthropogenic processes to develop socioeconomic assessments and models to evaluate the impact of multiple human uses on ecosystems Research Priority 16: Apply understanding of marine ecosystems to develop appropriate Theme 6: Enhancing Human Health Research Priority 17: Understand sources and processes contributing to ocean-related risks to human health Research Priority 18: Understand human health risks associated with the ocean and the potential benefits of ocean resources to human health Research Priority 19: Understand how human use and valuation of ocean resources can be affected by ocean-borne human health threats and how human activities can influence these threats Research Priority 20: Apply understanding of ocean ecosystems and biodiversity to develop products and biological models to enhance human well-being iii
Page 1 and 2: Charting the Course for Ocean Scien
Page 3: Charting the cOurse for Ocean Scien
Page 6 and 7: In This Report Numbered superscript
Page 9: Executive summary Proper stewardshi
Page 13: Common among the societal themes is
Page 16 and 17: Introduction The basic necessities
Page 18 and 19: Critical elements Three critical el
Page 20 and 21: Expanding the scientific Frontier:
Page 22 and 23: Focusing the Nation’s Ocean Resea
Page 24 and 25: esearch priorities and realizing th
Page 26 and 27: Fishery survey catches document the
Page 28 and 29: Research Priorities Central to effe
Page 30 and 31: Research Priority 4: Apply advanced
Page 32 and 33: 2Theme 2: increasing Resilience to
Page 34 and 35: Research Priorities Hazard assessme
Page 36 and 37: Necessary Tools Meeting the broad r
Page 38 and 39: Rationale Marine operations compris
Page 40 and 41: Research Priority 9: Apply understa
Page 42 and 43: Necessary Tools Achieving safe, eff
Page 44 and 45: Rationale The ocean covers more tha
Page 46 and 47: Research Priority 12: Understand th
Page 48 and 49: The nation’s coastal ecosystem pr
Page 50 and 51: Research Priorities Effective and a
Page 52 and 53: Necessary Tools These ambitious but
Page 54 and 55: Rationale Waters from the open ocea
Page 56 and 57: Research Priority 18: Understand hu
Page 58 and 59: Necessary Tools A system is needed
Page 60 and 61:
and ecological issues, including hu
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Making a Difference Information To
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Incorporation of education goals wi
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1 Forecasting the Response of Coast
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2comparative Analysis of Marine Eco
Page 70 and 71:
for Marine Ecosystems 3Sensors Adva
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4Assessing Meridional Overturning C
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Implementation Strategy Addressing
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National Priorities, Scaled Impleme
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Educational Institutions Educationa
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Within Regions Mechanisms for colla
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With Resource Managers Coordination
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Research Translation Research trans
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Assessment and Evaluation Achieving
Page 88 and 89:
Plan Update A successful effort to
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• United States Geological Survey
Page 92 and 93:
tions in key ocean properties from
Page 94 and 95:
Assessing Meridional Overturning Ci
Page 96 and 97:
Endnotes 1 The term “ocean,” un
Page 98 and 99:
Acronyms 84 CCSP...................
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