00 Contents - Hilti Svenska AB

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Steel base material Fasteners tested The primary fastener used in the tests was the Hilti ENP3-21 L15, the predecessor of the ENP2-21 L15. The difference is in the head shape, which has no effect on interaction with the base steel. Tests were also performed with the ENP2-21 L15, ENP3-21 D12 and the EM8-11-14 threaded stud, all of which have 4.5 mm diameter knurled shanks. ENP3-21 L15 ENP2-21 L15 ENP3-21 D12 EM8-11-14 P8 The data has now been replotted in S-N curves with stress range as the independent variable. The purpose of comparison, the AWS-C, AWS-D, AWS-E and AWS- DEn F2 as well as EC3-90 and EC3-100/m = 5 curves have been plotted in all the diagrams. There are 22 S-N diagrams for St 37 (similar to A36) and 36 for St 52 (similar to A572 Grade 50). An example with stress ratio R = 0.5 is shown in following S-N graph. Stress Range [ksi] Effekt of Hilti PAFs on Fatigue Strength of Structural Steel Comparison of Fatigue Test Data with AWS S-N curves Cycle Life Conclusions • The effect of driving a power-actuated fastener into structural steel is predictable. • The effect of power-actuated fasteners on the fatigue strength of steel is well known. In comparison with most weld details, power-actuated fasteners have a smaller stress concentration effect. This is shown by the fact that all power-actuated fastener results were above the AWS category C curve. • Fatigue curves according to Eurocode 3 allow fatigue design of steel members in which power-actuated fasteners have been driven. 1.54 11 / 2007 Stress Range [N/mm 2 ]
Concrete base material Introduction 1 The direct fastening system 2 Health and safety 3 Corrosion 4 Steel base material 5 Concrete base material 6 6.1 Anchoring mechanisms 1.56–1.57 6.2 Factors influencing the resistance to pullout 1.58–1.61 6.3 Effect of time on pull-out resistance 1.61 6.4 Effect on concrete components 1.62 Masonry base material 7 Temperature effects on the fastening 8 Design concepts 9 Determination of technical data for fastening design 10 Tips for users (”Trouble Shooting”) 11 Approval Listing 12 11 / 2007 1.55
Page 1 and 2:
Principles and technique Introducti
Page 3 and 4: Introduction Introduction 1 1.1 Def
Page 5 and 6: ? + ? + = 2.4 kN + + = 2.4 kN A com
Page 7 and 8: Hilti direct fastening systems are
Page 9 and 10: The direct fastening system Introdu
Page 11 and 12: 2.1 Fasteners The direct fastening
Page 13 and 14: Stainless steel fasteners Hilti int
Page 15 and 16: Hilti Tools All Hilti tools supplie
Page 17 and 18: The direct fastening system DIN 726
Page 19 and 20: Health and safety Introduction 1 Th
Page 21 and 22: Drop-firing safety The drop firing
Page 23 and 24: ystanders. Safety tests with carton
Page 25 and 26: Quality of installation The use of
Page 27 and 28: Corrosion Introduction 1 The direct
Page 29 and 30: 2. Contact corrosion Corrosion is a
Page 31 and 32: Hilti X-CR / X-BT stainless steel f
Page 33 and 34: Steel base material Introduction 1
Page 35 and 36: Fusing (welding) Complete fusing of
Page 37 and 38: Guide values for the depth of penet
Page 39 and 40: Steel base material Surface of the
Page 41 and 42: Steel base material Compressive str
Page 43 and 44: 5.5 Thin steel base material Steel
Page 45 and 46: Failure of the base steel If the th
Page 47 and 48: Pull-over test specimen at test beg
Page 49 and 50: X-CRM8-15-12 (stainless steel faste
Page 51 and 52: Steel base material 5.7 Effect of f
Page 53: 5.9 Effect on the fatigue strength
Page 57 and 58: Clamping The compressibility of con
Page 59 and 60: Concrete parameter The concrete par
Page 61 and 62: Edge distance and fastener spacing
Page 63 and 64: Masonry base material Introduction
Page 65 and 66: Temperature effects Introduction 1
Page 67 and 68: Base steel: S355K2G3 h = 25 mm fy =
Page 69 and 70: 8.3 Fire rating of fastenings to st
Page 71 and 72: Temperature effects 8.4 Fire rating
Page 73 and 74: Design concepts Introduction 1 The
Page 75 and 76: The characteristic strength is defi
Page 77 and 78: Determination of technical data Int
Page 79 and 80: 10.2 Profile sheet fastenings Deter
Page 81 and 82: Calculation method The calculation
Page 83 and 84: Determination of technical data The
Page 85 and 86: DX fastenings on concrete Fault Fas
Page 87 and 88: DX fastenings on steel Fault Nail d
Page 89 and 90: Approval Listing Summary of approva
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00 Contents - Hilti Svenska AB

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