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22 infected plants compared to the control), and ‘Libra’ (61.2%),‘Vysocké’ (old Czech landrace variety; 35.7%) and ‘Skorospelaja’ (old Russian landrace variety 31.4%) were evaluated as the most tolerant cultivars. (Chytilová V.) C – To evaluate the variability between regional populations of some medicinal plants 26 localities in 5 protected landscape areas (âeské stfiedohofií, Jizerské hory, Moravsk˘ kras, Bílé Karpaty, ·umava) are studied. Mother plants and seeds of Salvia pratensis L., Salvia verticillata L., Agrimonia eupatoria L., Plantago media L., Hypericum perforatum L., and Betonica officinalis L. from all localities were transferred to Olomouc and an experimental nursery was established. All plants in this nursery were evaluated for morphological characteristics by minimal descriptors, and the contents of pharmaceutically active substances were also evaluated in correlation with the origin of plants and quality of soil in these localities. We found out some statistically significant differences between plants from the same locality, between localities and as well as between protected landscapes areas. After analyses in the next year the best genotypes of all plant species will be recommended as a component for flowering-grass mixtures and/or for pharmaceutical use. (Du‰ek K., Du‰ková E.) Experimental nursery of medicinal plants from protected landscape areas in Olomouc D – The vine varieties ‘Zenit’ and ‘Burgundské modré rané’ are evaluated in order to test their adaptability to Czech conditions. Agronomical characteristics such as length of vegetation period, sugar content in must etc. are compared with the characteristics of the varieties ‘Mu‰kát moravsk˘’, ‘Veltlínské ãervené rané’ and ‘Rulandské modré’. Three shrubs of ‘Zenit’ variety were chosen due to its high sugar content for subsequent clone selection. (Jandurová O.) Vegetative Allium, Europe’s Core Collection, safe & sound (EURALLIVEG) (AGRI-2006-0395; AGRI GENRES 870/2004) In December 2006 a Community programme on genetic resources in agriculture accepted Project 050 AGRI GENRES 870/2004 with the acronym EURALLIVEG. The project duration is 48 months from 1. 04. 2007 to 31. 03. 2011 and the main aim is to establish the European Core Collection of vegetative alliums (covering garlic), including molecular characterization, cryopreservation and virus elimination, and molecular characterization of shallot. The Olomouc workplace will select garlic accessions for long-term cryopreservation. (Stavûlíková H.) Department of Plant Breeding Methods Study and utilisation of biodiversity, genetic mechanisms and new methods with the aim to improve the biological potential of cultivars and sustainable development of agriculture (MZe âR 0002700602) Phase 5: Development of methods, evaluation and utilization of initial materials for the creation of genotypes with high nutritional and technological quality for various uses of production The optimized method of SDS-PAGE of wheat LMW glutenin subunits was worked out and published on the web. The automated electrophoresis system (Experion 206 – LabChip technology) was tested for barley hordeins and wheat glutenin (both LMW and HMW) subunits electrophoresis and compared with classic SDS PAGE. The results obtained were very objective and reproducible. Parameters of HPLC method for wheat storage protein fractionation and quantification were found. NIRS calibrations continued for the screening of grain hardness determination by using PSI as a reference method.The survey of DON content and mycological control of fungal pathogens continued in wheat and barley samples from various localities of the âR in 2006. Fusarium graminearum was found as a prevailing toxicogenic species in the âR. In 2005 the maximum DON content in wheat (barley) samples was 3.8 (3.3) ppm; 10% of wheat (4% of barley) samples with overlimited DON content were detected. Interand intravarietal polymorphism of buckwheat proteins was confirmed. Amylose/Amylopectin Assay and Total Starch Assay (Megazyme) kits were introduced for the study of wheat starch properties. Three methods (HPLC and two spectrophotometric ones) of rutin content determination were tested on buckwheat and amaranth plant material. The spectrophotometric method using AlCl 3 reagent was considered as optimal. (S˘korová S., Bradová J., Dvofiáãek V., Matûjová E., Papou‰ková L., Stehno Z.) Phase 7: Progression of DON concentrations in spikes and kernels of winter wheat cultivars after inoculation with Fusarium culmorum The progression of DON concentrations in spikes and kernels was studied in relation to Fusarium head blight (FHB) symptoms in five winter wheat cultivars differing in resistance to FHB, after single floret inoculation with an aggressive isolate of Fusarium culmorum. After the inoculation in field conditions the spikes were detached from the plant and kept in the greenhouse under controlled conditions. High
23 concentrations of DON were detected in susceptible cultivars at an early stage of pathogenesis (7 days after inoculation). Over the examined 21-day period and also at maturity spikes contained more DON than kernels.While differences in the accumulation of DON between cultivars were highly expressed already 7 days after inoculation, differences in symptomatic reactions were not clear until day 21. Owing to the reported decisive role of DON at early stages of pathogenesis, the importance of the proper timing of fungicide application is highly stressed. (Chrpová J., ·íp V., Matûjová E., S˘korová S.) Fusarium head blight in wheat – its occurrence and control in the Czech Republic (MZe âR QG 50076) Wheat ears suspicious of Fusarium head blight (FHB) were collected in a three-year period (2003-2005) in all winter wheat growing regions of the Czech Republic by the State Phytosanitary Service. It follows from the sorting of data with respect to year, region, cultivar, preceding crop and tillage system that the effects of year and location accounted for 49% of the variation in DON levels, followed by the effect of cultivar (34%) and management practices in the examined crop (17%). Regions highly threatened by the disease in the particular years were detected Significantly higher contamination of grain by the mycotoxin DON was found for the preceding crop maize and application of reduced tillage. It was acknowledged that the appropriate application of protective fungicides would reduce the concentration of DON by about 50%, however, with delayed applications and reduced dosage the protection was found ineffective. Among the cultivars occurring more frequently (n>15) Nela, Alana, ·árka and Ebi showed the average DON content lower than 1.25 mg/kg.The “double protection” (consisting in growing less susceptible cultivars and fungicide treatment) was evidently needed to control the disease more effectively. (·íp V., Chrpová J., S˘korová S., Matûjová E., Lei‰ová L.). Resistance of wheat varieties and breeding lines to the Czech PAV isolate of BYDV (MZe âR QG50073) In RICP in Prague-Ruzynû the materials obtained from CIMMYT and ICARDA programmes (ALME2YDRES), Chile, Canada, USA and Poland, together with advanced breeding lines and registered spring and winter wheat cultivars were tested for resistance to BYDV. In comparison with previous studies the obtained results document progress reached in wheat breeding for resistance to BYDV. New sources of resistance were detected also in winter wheat (McCormic, Roane and Tribute). However, a wider choice of resistant genotypes will offer spring types. Two spring wheat lines SG-S26-98 and SG-S604-96 and registered variety Leguan were found tolerant. In a two-year period (2005, 2006) we tested eighteen lines from CIMMYT (ALME2YDRES) carrying Bdv2 gene derived from Thinopyrum intermedium. None of these lines nor the lines TC 14290E, TC 14290J, TC5, TC7 and TC9, which also carry this resistance gene, were found tolerant to BYDV. However, some other materials obtained from Canada, Poland and Chile appeared to be more promising. Breeding lines Kivu-85, QG 2.1, QG 4.37 (Canada), the line SOA217/02 (Poland) and the varieties Quino-Baes and Bárbaro-B from Chile were found tolerant or medium tolerant. (Ve‰krna O., Sedláãek T., Horãiãka P., Chrpová J., ·íp V., Kundu J. K.) Comparative study of direct and indirect evaluation of frost tolerance in barley (MZe âR 1G57060) Frost tolerance of 34 barley cultivars and breeding lines was evaluated by 4 direct (based on the exposure of plants to frost) and 4 indirect (based on diagnostic traits and markers) methods. Direct methods: 1/ field survival after the very cold winter 2002/2003, 2/ winter survival in a provocation pot test, 3/ and 4/ lethal temperature (LT50) determined in laboratory freezers on plants taken from a field in winter (3) or from a growth chamber following artificial cold hardening (4). Region showing DON content level > 4 mg/kg Regions showing DON content level 2 – 4 mg/kg Delimitation of regions threatened by FHB
Page 1 and 2: 13 DIVISION OF GENETICS AND PLANT B
Page 3 and 4: 15 of all available generatively pr
Page 5 and 6: 17 Plant biodiversity conservation
Page 7 and 8: 19 Fig. 2. Genetic distances within
Page 9: 21 the 6 th Framework Programme. 11
Page 13 and 14: 25 cial seed of wheat, barley and p
Page 15 and 16: 27 a preculture-desiccation method
Page 17 and 18: 29 cytological checks of the aneupl
Page 19: 31 STAFF OF THE DIVISION Ing. Ladis

00 ZLOM VURV 06 v roce 07

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