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Fig. 2. Genetic distances within the spring wheat model collection
DNA markers and field experiments with model
“core” collections. Analyzed pedigree data of spring
wheat collection were used to evaluate the genetic
diversity of the collection, results were published in
Czech J. Genet Plant Breed.The results confirmed that
pedigree analyses could be used as one of the useful
tools for development of “core” collections, i.e. such
collections where extensive and reliable pedigree data
are available.
Model collections of spring wheat and oat (the same
as in previous year) were sown and evaluated in field
trials in two locations; winter barley was sown in three
locations.The characterization of storage protein spectra
by means of PAGE continued in 2006.
In both the spring wheat and winter barley model
collection, DNA analyses were carried out using SSR
markers and genetic distances between accessions were
calculated. In spring wheat, we identified 26 clusters
(composed of 2-5 accessions, with small genetic
distances -0.06 or less according to âeby‰ev), which
represent 30.1% of the whole model collection (Fig. 2).
When we used this level of genetic diversity, it was possible
to reduce the size of the model collection by
18.1%.The same approach in winter barley led to the
size reduction by 34.1%. It can be concluded that the
selection of genetically distant accessions to model
collections was more effective in spring wheat.
(Dotlaãil L., Nedomová L., Stehno Z., Faberová I.,
Milotová J., Lei‰ová L., Dvofiáãek V., Oborn˘ J.,
Hermuth J., âejka L., Poli‰enská I.)
Possibilities of protein polymorphism
application for identification and breeding
of tested buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum
Moench) cultivars (GA âR-521/04/P031)
The project was aimed at the evaluation of protein
polymorphism as an effective tool for the identification
of common buckwheat accessions and studies of their
mutual relations. Protein polymorphism of different
plant parts (roots, leaves and achenes) showed
high intra- and intervarietal variability only in the
evaluation of the achene protein spectrum by
SDS-PAGE. Protein polymorphism (including isozymes
– esterases and total native protein) of the other plant
parts was negligible and did not allow an individual
approach to evaluation on this level. Higher protein
polymorphism in different achene parts was confirmed
in cotyledons in comparison with endosperm proteins.
This high intravarietal polymorphism confirmed strict
allogamy of common buckwheat. Electrophoretic
visualization of tested protein fractions also confirmed
high albumin and globulin content, its major importance
in achene protein polymorphism and minimal
content of prolamines. The albumin and globulin
protein fraction of achenes was successfully used for
more objective evaluation of bulked samples in the
buckwheat world collection. Closer relations were
found between accessions of neighbouring regions and
between some original Czech and Slovak buckwheat
accessions and accessions of China and Bhutan. Individual
achene evaluation of four buckwheat varieties
registered in the Czech Republic showed intervarietal
differences in the frequency and coincidence of band
proteins. It is possible to accept an opinion that the
tested varieties were formed from a high number of
variable genotypes which showed specific expression in
tested varieties, nevertheless, slight spectral differences
were detected in identical varieties between the tested
years as well. For the future breeding application it will
be necessary to reduce the wide genetic polymorphism
of buckwheat population, which can be achieved only
by direct characterisation of individual plants by means
of molecular analysis and their isolated cultivation.
The latest scientific papers offered a possibility of