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cytological checks of the aneuploid constitution of
monosomic materials, another glasshouse generation of
self-pollination and molecular checks of chromosome
substitutions using SSR markers of DNA were done.
The presence of chromosome substitutions was
confirmed in the substitution lines Mironovskaya 808
(Bezostaya 1 5A), Bezostaya 1 (Mironovskaya 808 5A),
Mironovskaya 808 (Bezostaya 1 5B) and Bezostaya 1
(Mironovskaya 808 5B). These lines were used in the
study of the relationship between vernalization
response under the presence of recessive genes vrn-1
and frost resistance. (Pánková K., Milec Z.)
Phase 7: Study of wheat rust populations,
powdery mildew and common bunt
During the 2006 vegetation period 72 isolates of leaf
rust from 23 localities were obtained and tested on
NILs with Lr genes (Lr1, Lr2a, Lr2b, Lr2c, Lr3, Lr9,
Lr11, Lr15, Lr17, Lr19, Lr21, Lr24, Lr26, Lr28, Lr37).
No virulence was found on NILs possessing Lr9 and
Lr19 and Lr24.
Gene for % virulent Gene for % virulent
resistance isolates resistance isolates
Lr 1 12 Lr 15 70
Lr 2a 15 Lr 17 66
Lr 2b 25 Lr 19 0
Lr 2c 70 Lr 21 91
Lr 3 94 Lr 23 86
Lr 9 0 Lr 24 0
Lr 10 95 Lr 26 72
Lr 11 92 Lr 28 12
In a field test with an inoculated spreader the resistance
of newly registered cultivars and advanced lines to
stem rust, yellow rust and leaf rust was tested.The results
were compared with greenhouse tests. Main attention
was paid to leaf rust. Most accessions possessing genes for
specific leaf rust resistance were susceptible in field tests.
The cultivar Batis was susceptible to all tested leaf rust
isolates in the greenhouse but resistant in the field.
In the field trials reactions of 30 cultivars and advanced
lines of winter wheat, 12 cultivars of winter triticale
and 3 cultivars of winter barley were tested for resistance
to common bunt. Seed was inoculated with
a mixture of Tilletia tritici and T. laevis. A low disease
level was observed in 11 winter wheat cultivars and
lines. No bunt occurred on cvs. Magnifik, Tommi,
Trintella and line SW 51136. Average bunt incidence
below 5% was determined in cvs. Globus, Mikon and
Stava. In cultivars Bill, Lars and Tarso average bunt in
cidence did not exceed 10%. Of the tested triticale cv.
Ticimo had 0.4% bunted ears, cv. Triamant 2%, other
10 triticale cultivars had no bunt infection. On winter
barley after inoculation common bunt was not
observed.
In the field experiments the resistance of newly
registered cultivars and advanced lines to powdery
mildew was tested but the occurrence of powdery
mildew was very low in consequence of high temperatures
in that year (2003, mainly in June). During the
vegetation period 20 isolates of powdery mildew were
obtained and tested on differential varieties with different
Pm genes (Pm1; Pm2; Pm3a; Pm3b; Pm3c; Pm4a;
Pm4b; Pm5; Pm6; Pm8; Pm17; Pm2, 6; Pm2, 4b, 8;
Pm3d; Pm7; Pm1, 2, 9).Tests of the resistance of wheat
cultivars to Septoria tritici blotch on leaf segments were
started. Resistance of the tested cultivars fluctuated
with used isolates of the pathogen.The effectiveness of
inductors of systemic acquired resistance to powdery
mildew in wheat was examined. All used inductors
except salicylic acid induced resistance to powdery
mildew. (Hanzalová A., Barto‰ P., Dumalasová V.,
Vûchet L.)
Utilization of innovated methods and specific
breeding materials to increase the effectiveness
of production of new winter rapeseed cultivars
(Project MZe âR 1G46061)
About 1 600 new doubled haploid (DH) regenerants
from F1 initial materials for the breeding of line and
hybrid cultivars were developed. Advanced DH lines
were evaluated in location trials and they yielded 90.46
–100.09% in comparison with standard cultivars.
Eleven reliable restorers of fertility (Rf) for CMS
Ogu-INRA with improved 00 quality were selected.
The method of DNA markers for fatty acid assessment
showed a high correlation coefficient for linolic acid
with the standard method of gas chromatography.
DNA analysis of self-incompatible (SI) plants based on
PCR RFLP was found to be reliable for the detection
of SI genotypes. Three F1 hybrids of CMS Shaan 2A
lines with cv. Californium were obtained by means of
honeybees as pollinators in isolation cages.
Calibration equations for a laboratory instrument
Foss-NIRSystem 6500 were developed for the assessment
of oleic, linolic and linolenic acid content.
Molecular SCAR marker for the detection of fertility
restorers (Rf) for Ogu-INRA has been successfully
verified.
Based on field and laboratory testing several sets of
breeding materials with different susceptibility to
important pathogens were created and included in field
trials.Ten advanced DH lines were included in location
performance trials. (Kuãera V., Vyvadilová M.,
Klíma M.)
Utilization of a protoplast fusion technique
in the breeding of important cultivated crops
of the genera Brassica, Cucumis and Solanum
(MZe âR QF4108)
Haploid (H) and doubled haploid (DH) regenerants
derived from 3 cultivars of B. juncea (Domo, Opaleska,
RLM 619) and B. carinata genotype BC11 are cultured
in vitro as a source of protoplasts. Interspecific chemical
fusions were carried out between DH B. carinata x DH
OP-1 B. napus and H B. carinata x H B. juncea cv.
Domo. Division of protoplasts and shoot regeneration
were achieved in all fusion combinations. Regenerants
from fusions between mesophyll protoplasts of DH B.
carinata and hypocotyl protoplasts of DH OP-1 B. napus
are prepared for laboratory and greenhouse evaluation.
Whole plants were also developed after the protoplast