Longan production in Asia - United Nations in Indonesia

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infected branches become compact clusters. Flowers are poorly developed and the deformed inflorescence lose all flowers on an infected branch (the flowerless panicle resembles a broom). The earliest description of this disease in China was in 1941. In 17 cities of Fujian province, the percentage of trees infested by witches’ broom varies from 20 to 100 percent, the higher infestation occurs in mature trees. The disease causes an average crop loss of 10-20 percent. However, in severe cases, the loss can exceed 50 percent. This disease also occurs in other provinces such as Guangdong, Guangxi, and Hainan. Beside China other longan growing countries in Asia have also reported the presence of this disease, for example, Thailand and Taiwan Province of China. Figure 8. Prevention from birds and bats using netting over individual tree (from: Nicholls, 2000). 17
Figure 9. Prevention from birds and bats using netting around perimeter of orchard in Queensland, Australia (from: Nicholls, 2000). No cure is known for witches’ broom disease. However, there are cultivars which have been reported to be free from this disease. In Thailand, the cultivar ‘Daw’ has been reported to be free from this disease (Subhadrabandhu and Yapwattanaphun, 2000a). In China, cultivars such as ‘Lidongben’ and ‘Shuinan No.1’ in Fujian province are highly resistant to the disease. Chen et al. (2000) suggested that top grafting with scions of resistant cultivars can effectively reduced the morbidity of the disease in severely infested orchards. They have outlined an integrated management programme against the disease, viz., strict quarantine inspection; selection and use of disease-resistant cultivars; establishment of virus-free nurseries; timely control of insect vectors; removal of infected branches, inflorescence and infected seedlings in the nurseries and orchards; and improving tree vigour by judicious fertilization, irrigation and soil management. Shoot tip culture has been successfully employed to produce virus-free plantlets of longan (Wang, 2000). 18
Page 2 and 3: RAP PUBLICATION: 2000/20 LONGAN PRO
Page 4 and 5: The designations employed and the p
Page 6 and 7: FOREWORD The commercial longan (Dim
Page 8 and 9: LONGAN PRODUCTION IN ASIA 1. INTROD
Page 10 and 11: Sarawak, while the ‘isau’ and
Page 12 and 13: 5. PROPERTIES The edible portion of
Page 14 and 15: Figure 3. Longan tree with terminal
Page 16 and 17: ag for 2-4 weeks before planting ou
Page 18 and 19: Figure 6. High density planting of
Page 20 and 21: Fruits are thinned about four to si
Page 22 and 23: Figure 7. Knife used for cincturing
Page 26 and 27: Figure 10. Witches’ broom disease
Page 28 and 29: Table 4. Productivity of longan as
Page 30 and 31: 11.3 Grading The Thai farmers have
Page 32 and 33: Table 8. Production and Average far
Page 34 and 35: 14. CURRENT WORLD STATUS, DISTRIBUT
Page 36 and 37: Beside fresh longan, Thailand is al
Page 38 and 39: Others Elsewhere longan is grown on
Page 40 and 41: Table 16. Planted area and producti
Page 42 and 43: Table 19. Planted area and producti
Page 44 and 45: REFERENCES Anon. 1986. Dimocarpus l
Page 46 and 47: Tongdee, S. C. 1992. Postharvest ha
Page 48 and 49: ‘Shixia’ ‘Shixia’ is anothe
Page 50 and 51: ‘Baidum’ This is a mid-maturing

Longan production in Asia - United Nations in Indonesia

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