Longan production in Asia - United Nations in Indonesia

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Beside fresh longan, Thailand is also exporting substantial amounts of dried longan. The total value of dried longan export in 1997 amounted to about US$ 86 million. There has been an increasing trend in the export of dried longan from Thailand in past years (Table 11). Dried longan is consumed mainly by the Chinese and this is attested to by the enormous import of the product by China and Hong Kong. Country Table 11. Amount and value of dried longan exported from Thailand to different countries Amount (metric ton) 1995 1996 1997 Value Amount Value Amount (US (metric (US (metric $1,000) ton) $1,000) ton) 29 Value (US $1,000) China 1,764 2,340 9,279 9,320 15,508 32,600 Hong Kong 327 1,330 16,426 28,790 20,924 45,610 Singapore 159 1,270 140 1,050 221 2,000 Korea 138 720 31 140 316 1,670 Malaysia 78 350 54 210 96 450 UK 23 260 40 270 0.6 1 Canada 24 90 7 80 13 190 France 8 60 3 30 7 100 Others 1,139 1,350 870 1,900 9,904 3,050 Total 3,655 7,770 26,850 41,790 38,075 85,670 Taiwan Province of China Source: Subhadrabandhu and Yapwattanaphun (2000a). Taiwan Province of China had a total planted area of 12,015 ha in 1997 and 11,808 ha in 1998 with production of 130,500 and 53,385 metric tons, respectively. Production areas are mainly in the central and southern regions of the country. Taiwan Province of China exports longan mainly in the form of dried, preserved and canned fruits (Table 12). Of these, dried fruit constitutes the major form of export. Total export value of longan from Taiwan Province of China in 1997 was about US$ 2.8 million and in 1998 it was about US$ 1.3 million. Fluctuation of export is a reflection of the biennial bearing habit of the longan crop. Hong Kong, USA and Singapore are major importers of dried longan from Taiwan Province of China (Table 13). Year Table 12. Exports of Longan from Taiwan Province of China Dried longan Preserved longan Canned longan Value Quantity Value Quantity (US (metric (US (metric $1,000) ton) $1,000) ton) Quantity (metric ton) 1994 588 1,723 8 90 2 4 1995 3,545 5,054 90 272 0 0 1996 386 607 17 176 0 1 1997 1,368 2,546 56 218 0 0 1998 857 1,104 20 147 1 2 Source: Yen (2000). Value (US $1,000)
Table 13. Amount and value to longan export from Taiwan Province of China to various countries (1998) Country Dried longan Preserved longan Canned longan Value Quantity Value Quantity (US (metric (US (metric $1000) ton) $1000) ton) Quantity (metric ton) Value (US $1000) Hong Kong 815 818 0 0 0 0 USA. 11 124 5 62 1 1 Singapore 22 112 9 45 0 0 Japan 3 19 0 0 0 0 Malaysia 3 15 0 0 0 0 Netherlands 0 0 6 36 0 0 Others 2 7 0 0 0 0 Vietnam Source: Yen (2000). Vietnam grows longan mainly in the Mekong delta, with smaller areas in southeast and northern regions. Total planted area was 33,914 ha in 1998 and 41,600 ha in 1999 with production of 320,000 and 365,000 metric tons, respectively (Nguyen, 2000). About 10 percent of longan production were exported mainly to China in the form of fresh and dried fruits. Australia Longan was originally introduced to north Queensland by Chinese miners. During the last 10 years the yield and quality of 28 cultivars introduced from China (13), Taiwan Province of China (2), Thailand (5), Florida (4), Hawaii (3) and local selection (1) have been under evaluation at the Atherton Tableland and in southern Queensland (Chacko and Downton, 1995). Total planted area in 1995 was estimated to be 200 ha. Over the last five years about 72,000 trees have been planted (Singh et al., 2000) using such cultivars as ‘Kohala’, ‘Biew Khiew’, ‘Chompoo,’ ‘Haew,’ ‘Dang’, ‘Kay Sweeney’, and ‘Fuhko2’ (Chacko and Downton, 1995; Sing et al., 2000). Current production of longan is between 300 to 1,000 metric tons of fruit each season. Florida The current planted area of longan is between 140 to 180 ha in Southern Florida (Campbell and Campbell, 2000). Germplasm introduction began on a significant scale with the importation of seeds from China in the 1940s. These seedling trees have never attained any commercial success due to their small fruit size, unreliable bearing and poor propagation success by air-layering. Due to the market demand for large fruit size, the cultivar ‘Kohala’ tops the list of desirable fruit types. Introduced by William F. Whitman in 1954 from Hawaii the ‘Kohala’ is also reliable in its bearing and can be easily propagated by air-layering. Other cultivars currently under testing include ‘Biew Khiew’ and ‘Diamond River’. Longan produced in Florida is mainly sold as fresh fruit for the local ethnic market. 30
Page 2 and 3: RAP PUBLICATION: 2000/20 LONGAN PRO
Page 4 and 5: The designations employed and the p
Page 6 and 7: FOREWORD The commercial longan (Dim
Page 8 and 9: LONGAN PRODUCTION IN ASIA 1. INTROD
Page 10 and 11: Sarawak, while the ‘isau’ and
Page 12 and 13: 5. PROPERTIES The edible portion of
Page 14 and 15: Figure 3. Longan tree with terminal
Page 16 and 17: ag for 2-4 weeks before planting ou
Page 18 and 19: Figure 6. High density planting of
Page 20 and 21: Fruits are thinned about four to si
Page 22 and 23: Figure 7. Knife used for cincturing
Page 24 and 25: infected branches become compact cl
Page 26 and 27: Figure 10. Witches’ broom disease
Page 28 and 29: Table 4. Productivity of longan as
Page 30 and 31: 11.3 Grading The Thai farmers have
Page 32 and 33: Table 8. Production and Average far
Page 34 and 35: 14. CURRENT WORLD STATUS, DISTRIBUT
Page 38 and 39: Others Elsewhere longan is grown on
Page 40 and 41: Table 16. Planted area and producti
Page 42 and 43: Table 19. Planted area and producti
Page 44 and 45: REFERENCES Anon. 1986. Dimocarpus l
Page 46 and 47: Tongdee, S. C. 1992. Postharvest ha
Page 48 and 49: ‘Shixia’ ‘Shixia’ is anothe
Page 50 and 51: ‘Baidum’ This is a mid-maturing

Longan production in Asia - United Nations in Indonesia

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