Freud's Free Clinics

Recommendations

Info

1930 Once the Berlin society had publicly reaffirmed that “the obligation to treat free of charge one case at the Polyclinic still hold[s] good,” Barbara Low reintroduced this still contentious discussion to the British society in London. 19 The British were unlikely to follow indiscriminately Eitingon’s belief that members of the institute incur an actual obligation to work at the clinic or do other equivalent work. Both Jones in London and Hitschmann in Vienna had been duly following this principle, in fact, but, with resources thinning and without a strong political position, the British hesitated before making further commitments. The appropriate nature of the collaboration between the institute and the clinic, they decided, could only be arbitrated with empirical data. For the moment Jones had found a way to postpone the decision. Since data must be collected before it can be analyzed, a questionnaire would have to go to all members asking exactly how much time they were contributing to the clinic. The council would define the term equivalent work only after all the information had been gathered. 20 Perhaps the thornier issue of world politics loomed large in their decisions. Jones’s good friend Franz Alexander, for example, was among the first analysts to leave Berlin for the United States. 21 Two years later, under Alexander’s direction, the Chicago Institute for Psychoanalysis was born, the first and until 1948 the only American society to house an outpatient clinic. By mid-November 1930 Budapest’s new generation of city officials, whose predecessors had so eagerly vaunted their commitment to psychoanalysis, decided to delay the Hungarian society’s request for a license to open the clinic. Like their London colleagues, the Hungarian analysts struggled to keep alive the prospects for an outpatient free clinic. Responsibility for the delay rested less with the judges themselves, Ferenczi’s commented to his international colleagues, than with the university professors hired to evaluate the project. 22 These “experts” were already so hostile to psychoanalysis by the time they reviewed the plans that the application had to be temporarily withdrawn. But it was clear, just as it had been in Vienna from 1920 to 1922, that private (or private-public partnership) psychoanalytic initiatives would fare better than those seeking public approval. Margit Dubovitz had already launched a psychoanalytic clinic for children under the auspices of the Hungarian League for the Protection of Children. 23 The start-up of this clinic, partly subsidized by the government, was promising and made for much excitement in the psychoanalytic community. A psychoanalytic consultancy designed for children and parents from all social classes had been turned over by the National League to Ferenczi. Ferenczi enlisted Dubovitz, and together they charted out a system of social services to include safe homes for moth- 229
1923–1932: THE MOST GRATIFYING YEARS ers and children, orphanages, organized holidays for handicapped and convalescing people, outpatient clinics, and a publication, the Journal for the Protection of Children. 24 By early May Dubovitz and her colleague Vera von Felszeghy had gathered substantive clinical material and were ready to lead a case discussion and report on the children’s outpatient clinic to the Budapest society’s monthly meeting. 230
Page 2:
FREUD’S FREE CLINICS
Page 5 and 6:
C COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY PRESS Publish
Page 8 and 9:
CONTENTS Acknowledgments ix “The
Page 10 and 11:
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS THE PEOPLE and inst
Page 12:
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS the Hagley Museum f
Page 15 and 16:
“THE CONSCIENCE OF SOCIETY”—I
Page 17 and 18:
Page 19 and 20:
Page 21 and 22:
Page 23 and 24:
Page 26 and 27:
“Treatment will be free” 1918 T
Page 28 and 29:
1918 Other liberal activists like S
Page 30 and 31:
1918 on the war or individual confl
Page 32 and 33:
1918 analysis might achieve if its
Page 34 and 35:
1918 clinics. Anna, Freud’s devot
Page 36 and 37:
1918 3 Freud and Ernst Simmel at Sc
Page 38 and 39:
1918 the designation had to be appl
Page 40 and 41:
1918 never desert his party.” 49
Page 42 and 43:
1918 the abrupt decline of a supran
Page 44 and 45:
1918 Institute, Karl Bühler, Charl
Page 46 and 47:
1918 mote clinical research, standa
Page 48 and 49:
1919 the teachers, social workers,
Page 50 and 51:
1919 human sense of inferiority to
Page 52 and 53:
1919 earlier the same year (1919) b
Page 54 and 55:
1919 innate creativity and joy of l
Page 56 and 57:
1919 authors’ Kinderheim work wit
Page 58 and 59:
1919 climbing the Rax mountains aro
Page 60 and 61:
1919 sexuality and fetishism, Sadge
Page 62 and 63:
1919 By 1919 plans for an official
Page 64 and 65:
1919 clinic will be opened in the w
Page 66 and 67:
1920 be a splendid event. The daylo
Page 68 and 69:
1920 caped the Nazis but retained h
Page 70 and 71:
1920 demic training and general pub
Page 72 and 73:
1920 Free analyses were conducted s
Page 74 and 75:
1920 described as political left, a
Page 76 and 77:
1920 9 Letterhead from the Berlin P
Page 78 and 79:
1920 free services; they felt they
Page 80 and 81:
1920 his speech echoed for her the
Page 82 and 83:
1920 10 Dr. Julius Wagner von Jaure
Page 84 and 85:
1920 replied, “You know I have on
Page 86 and 87:
1920 numbers are barely 4-5 in a th
Page 88 and 89:
1920 and municipal tenements which,
Page 90 and 91:
1920 started the year before in 191
Page 92 and 93:
1920 11 Eduard Hitschmann (Institut
Page 94 and 95:
“An Ambulatorium should exist for
Page 96 and 97:
1921 Nevertheless the government hi
Page 98 and 99:
1921 Meanwhile Max Eitingon was ext
Page 100 and 101:
1921 would combine supervised home
Page 102 and 103:
1921 ing apartments were frozen; th
Page 104 and 105:
1922 14 The Ambulatorium at 18 Peli
Page 106 and 107:
therapists. Psychoanalysis could be
Page 108 and 109:
1922 the teacher, the self-appointe
Page 110 and 111:
1922 candidates, who were still in
Page 112 and 113:
1922 And, yes, Freud too treated pa
Page 114 and 115:
1922 patients on the clinic’s wai
Page 116 and 117:
1922 relatively new field of psycho
Page 118 and 119:
1922 Hug-Hellmuth has done him a gr
Page 120 and 121:
1922 for disturbed or delinquent te
Page 122 and 123:
1922 finale banquet closed with Jon
Page 124 and 125:
1922 18 Melanie Klein’s clinical
Page 126 and 127:
1922 Another chronicle of life at t
Page 128 and 129:
1922 lower-class patient population
Page 130 and 131:
1922 her will to have an abortion.
Page 132 and 133:
1922 “Have you had sexual interco
Page 134 and 135:
2 1923-1932 THE MOST GRATIFYING YEA
Page 136 and 137:
“This help should be available to
Page 138 and 139:
1923 on transference issues; Jokl w
Page 140 and 141:
1923 ticularly in our times, when t
Page 142 and 143:
1923 less of her ability to pay. Mo
Page 144 and 145:
1923 New York, the ARA’s clerks a
Page 146 and 147:
1923 neberg, and Julius Tandler was
Page 148 and 149:
“The honor proceeds from the Soci
Page 150 and 151:
1924 Psychoanalysis had become so p
Page 152 and 153:
1924 scientific and administrative
Page 154 and 155:
1924 Wilhelm Stekel, and of course
Page 156 and 157:
1924 other analysts, brought welcom
Page 158 and 159:
1924 the one hand, he was pleased t
Page 160 and 161:
1924 in 1921 and more recently by R
Page 162 and 163:
1924 about alleged unemployment and
Page 164 and 165:
1924 sociopolitical motivation and
Page 166 and 167:
“A warm sympathy for the fate of
Page 168 and 169:
1925 lower. Freud, it seems, always
Page 170 and 171:
1925 tant in Vienna. Clarence Obern
Page 172 and 173:
1925 patients each week after schoo
Page 174 and 175:
1925 scribed by contemporaries as t
Page 176 and 177:
1925 entirely damned up, or very st
Page 178 and 179:
1925 1940s, the Institute for Socia
Page 180 and 181:
“Although absent from the opening
Page 182 and 183:
1926 building, supervise the mainte
Page 184 and 185:
1926 list was divided into three ru
Page 186 and 187:
1926 from her father’s, but Freud
Page 188 and 189:
1926 26 Sigmund Freud’s Circular
Page 190 and 191:
1926 scription.” He sat down at h
Page 192 and 193: 1926 Loewenstein left for Paris and
Page 194 and 195: 1926 open from 8:00 A.M. to 8:00 P.
Page 196 and 197: “Of special value in the promotio
Page 198 and 199: 1927 a psychoanalytic sanatorium th
Page 200 and 201: 1927 minutes from Schloss Tegel agr
Page 202 and 203: 1927 tience with which you are will
Page 204 and 205: 1927 ly not shared by her father. A
Page 206 and 207: 1927 real estate as it could and de
Page 208 and 209: 1927 urged the municipal social wor
Page 210 and 211: Freud “knew exactly how things we
Page 212 and 213: 1928 as individual therapy, should
Page 214 and 215: 1928 Individual-psychology, itself
Page 216 and 217: 1928 29 Meeting room of the Berlin
Page 218 and 219: 1928 candidate’ s means. But,”
Page 220 and 221: 1928 cal internships at Cornell for
Page 222 and 223: 1929 Fenichel on their trips back f
Page 224 and 225: 1929 from morphine and cocaine addi
Page 226 and 227: 1929 erally pleased that some of th
Page 228 and 229: 1929 and favors a sort of indoctrin
Page 230 and 231: 1929 Erikson’s theory actually li
Page 232 and 233: 1929 manded to the regular adult se
Page 234 and 235: “Free or low-cost analyses . . .
Page 236 and 237: 1930 programs, socialize with the F
Page 238 and 239: 1930 31 Children’s Seminar analys
Page 240 and 241: 1930 In truth his work hardly diffe
Page 244 and 245: “As a social-democratic town coun
Page 246 and 247: 1931 Faced with censoring rejection
Page 248 and 249: 1931 32 Doorway of the Budapest Cli
Page 250 and 251: 1931 Indeed, since the early 1920s,
Page 252 and 253: 1931 Freud, drawing a dramatic anal
Page 254 and 255: 1932 Nevertheless, several psychoan
Page 256 and 257: 1932 “about sex.” Not that wome
Page 258 and 259: 1932 psychological particulars of e
Page 260 and 261: 1932 ful and perfect in its princip
Page 262: 1932 Crowley remembered how “psyc
Page 266 and 267: “The Berlin Psychoanalytic . . .
Page 268 and 269: 1933 teen “no” votes. Felix Boe
Page 270 and 271: 1933 34 An outpatient department at
Page 272 and 273: 1933 remaining German analysts endo
Page 274 and 275: 1933 the SS, Hitler’s terror poli
Page 276 and 277: 1933 while he officially disallowed
Page 278 and 279: “Psychoanalysis [as] the germ of
Page 280 and 281: 1934 35 Manuscript of Otto Fenichel
Page 282 and 283: 1934 Hitler’s book and speeches.
Page 284 and 285: 1934 privately,” she wrote to Jon
Page 286 and 287: 1934 cation of psychoanalysis, Adle
Page 288 and 289: 1935 really trying to say that, eve
Page 290 and 291: 1935 rorism,” he wrote, “not le
Page 292 and 293:
1935 ble for the verdict. Perhaps m
Page 294 and 295:
1936 ly with Müller-Brauschweig, a
Page 296 and 297:
1936 The Rundbriefe group met in pe
Page 298 and 299:
1936 “voluntarily.” True, the f
Page 300 and 301:
1936 cobson’s recent arrest. Anyt
Page 302 and 303:
1936 wonders to what extent senior
Page 304 and 305:
normal psychology; to take what we
Page 306 and 307:
1937 side of Rudolfsplatz. Anna thr
Page 308 and 309:
1937 Meanwhile, in Germany the dire
Page 310 and 311:
“The fate of psychoanalysis depen
Page 312 and 313:
1938 In the weeks before the Freuds
Page 314 and 315:
1938 they owed not only their insti
Page 316:
1938 and Its Discontents, arguably
Page 319 and 320:
INTRODUCTION 15. For the progressiv
Page 321 and 322:
1918 48. Freud, “An Autobiographi
Page 323 and 324:
1919 34. Abraham to Freud, December
Page 325 and 326:
1920 44. Freud to Ferenczi, letter
Page 327 and 328:
1922 7. Eitingon to Freud, May 30,
Page 329 and 330:
1923 10. “Report of the Berlin Ps
Page 331 and 332:
1924 35. Eversole to Pearce, “Con
Page 333 and 334:
1926 6. Klein to Jones, October 24,
Page 335 and 336:
1927 22. Hans Paradeiser, “Aussch
Page 337 and 338:
1929 29. Jones to Freud, no. 546, O
Page 339 and 340:
1931 Banfield Jackson papers, Schle
Page 341 and 342:
1933 17. Jones to Anna Freud, Octob
Page 343 and 344:
1936 8. Ibid., 171. 9. Otto Feniche
Page 345 and 346:
1918 21. Freud to Simmel, January 9
Page 347 and 348:
BIBLIOGRAPHY 1871-1881. Trans. Arno
Page 349 and 350:
BIBLIOGRAPHY French, William J., an
Page 351 and 352:
BIBLIOGRAPHY Jahoda, Marie. “The
Page 353 and 354:
BIBLIOGRAPHY ——— The Mass Psy
Page 356 and 357:
INDEX Abraham, Karl, 7, 20, 21, 24,
Page 358 and 359:
INDEX Freud, Ernst, 7, 17, 20, 53-5
Page 360 and 361:
INDEX 197, 199, 208; ostracism of,
show all

Freud's Free Clinics

You also want an ePaper? Increase the reach of your titles

Delete template?

Save as template?