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mal title before a name: Assistant Secretary of State George Ball. Whenever practical, however, an appositional construction should be used: George Ball, assistant secretary of state. See titles. associate Never abbreviate. Apply the same capitalization norms listed under assistant. Associated Press, The The newsgathering cooperative dating from 1848. Use The Associated Press on first reference (the capitalized article is part of the formal name). On second reference, AP or the AP (no capital on the) may be used. The address is 50 Rockefeller Plaza, New York, NY 10020. The telephone number is (212) 621- 1500. The World Wide Web address is www.ap.org. The following are service names used most frequently by the AP. DataFeature DataSpeed DataStream DataStream 500 Stocks DigitalStocks GraphicsNet Newsfeatures NewsPhoto NewsPower Network News PhotoColor PhotoExpress PhotoStream SelectStocks SportsStats See the AP entry. Association Do not abbreviate. Capitalize as part of a proper name: American Medical Association. astronaut It is not a formal title. Do not capitalize when used before a name: astronaut John Glenn. AT&T Corp. The full name of the business formerly known as American Telephone & Telegraph Co. Headquarters is in New York. Atchison, Topeka & Santa Fe Railway A subsidiary of Burlington Northern Santa Fe Corp. Headquarters is in Fort Worth, Texas. atheist See the agnostic, atheist entry. athlete’s foot, athlete’s heart Atlanta The city in Georgia stands alone in datelines. Atlantic Ocean Atlantic Richfield Co. Arco is acceptable on second reference. Headquarters is in Los Angeles. Atlantic Standard Time, Atlantic Daylight Time Used in the Maritime Provinces of Canada and in Puerto Rico. See time zones. at large Usually two words for an individual representing more than a single district: congressman at large, councilman at large. But it is ambassador-at-large for an ambassador assigned to no particular country.
Atomic Age It began Dec. 2, 1942, at the University of Chicago with the creation of the first selfsustaining nuclear chain reaction. Atomic Energy Commission It no longer exists. See Nuclear Regulatory Commission. attache It is not a formal title. Always lowercase. attorney, lawyer In common usage the words are interchangeable. Technically, however, an attorney is someone (usually, but not necessarily, a lawyer) empowered to act for another. Such an individual occasionally is called an attorney in fact. A lawyer is a person admitted to practice in a court system. Such an individual occasionally is called an attorney at law. Do not abbreviate. Do not capitalize unless it is an officeholder’s title: defense attorney Perry Mason, attorney Perry Mason, District Attorney Hamilton Burger. See lawyer. attorney general, attorneys general Never abbreviate. Capitalize only when used as a title before a name: Attorney General Griffin B. Bell. See titles. augur A transitive verb. Do not follow it with the preposition for: The tea leaves augur a time of success. August See months. author A noun used for both men and women. Do not use it as a verb. automaker, automakers automatic See pistol and weapons entries. automobiles Capitalize brand names: Buick, Ford, Mustang, Accord, Toyota, Taurus, Saturn. Lowercase generic terms: Sunfire convertible, Windstar minivan. Auto-Train Corp. A private company that hauls passengers and their cars, leasing rails and equipment owned by other companies. Headquarters is in Washington. a u t o w o r k e r, autoworkers One word when used generically. But Auto Worker when referring specifically to the membership and the activities of the United Automobile, Aerospace and Agricultural Implement Workers of America. autumn See seasons. avenue Abbreviate only with a numbered address. See addresses. average, mean, median, norm Average refers to the result obtained by dividing a sum by the number of quantities added together: The average of 7, 9, 17 is 33 divided by 3, or 11. Mean commonly designates a figure intermediate between two extremes, determined by adding the series of numbers and dividing the sum by the number of cases: The mean temperature of five days with temperatures of 67, 62, 68, 69, 64 is 66. Median is the middle number of points in a series arranged in
Page 1 and 2: Associated Press Stylebook and Brie
Page 3 and 4: CONTENTS FOREWORD 5 STYLEBOOK Key 6
Page 5 and 6: FOREWORD Work on this Stylebook beg
Page 7 and 8: A AAA Formerly the American Automob
Page 9 and 10: A-bomb Use atomic bomb unless a dir
Page 11 and 12: The comma entry provides guidance o
Page 13 and 14: See comma in punctuation guidelines
Page 15 and 16: Trans World, United and Western. Co
Page 17 and 18: tor created the illusion of choppy
Page 19 and 20: American Postal Workers Union This
Page 21 and 22: Capitalize the name of a specific a
Page 23 and 24: April Fools’ Day Aqua-Lung A trad
Page 25: artificial intelligence Ideally, co
Page 29 and 30: B Baby Bells A collective descripti
Page 31 and 32: The largest of the more than 20 Bap
Page 33 and 34: structions: 3-to-2 odds, odds of 3-
Page 35 and 36: Block has more than a dozen definit
Page 37 and 38: Bricklayers, Masons and Plasterers
Page 39 and 40: and intuition. The doctrines are ag
Page 41 and 42: C cabinet Capitalize references to
Page 43 and 44: canvas, canvass Canvas is heavy clo
Page 45 and 46: carats. A carat is equal to 200 mil
Page 47 and 48: Central America See Western Hemisph
Page 49 and 50: —CAPTURES BY PAWNS: When a pawn c
Page 51 and 52: Christian Science Church See Church
Page 53 and 54: Spell out the names of cities unles
Page 55 and 56: coast Lowercase when referring to t
Page 57 and 58: commander in chief Capitalize only
Page 59 and 60: complementary, complimentary The hu
Page 61 and 62: Congressional Record A daily public
Page 63 and 64: contractions Contractions reflect i
Page 65 and 66: See the consumer price index and in
Page 67 and 68: Court, the state Superior Court, th
Page 69 and 70: D Dacron A trademark for a brand of
Page 71 and 72: BEIJING MEXICO CITY BERLIN MONACO D
Page 73 and 74: Daughters of the American Revolutio
Page 75 and 76: Democratic National Committee On th
Page 77 and 78:
dictionaries For spelling, style an
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use terms such as visually impaired
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For specified amounts, the word tak
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E each Takes a singular verb. each
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Rome supremacy over other bishops.
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Nixon defeated McGovern 16 votes to
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Capitalize Episcopal when referring
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PUNCTUATION: An essential clause mu
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Year’s Eve, Christmas Eve. But: t
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F face to face When a story says tw
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feather bedding, featherbedding Fea
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trademark for fiberglass or glass f
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six teaspoons. The metric equivalen
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the lower house of a legislative bo
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She sang a fragment of the song. Fr
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G G The general audience rating. Se
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an entry, use the first-listed spel
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government, junta, regime A governm
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Great Atlantic & Pacific Tea Co. In
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H habeas corpus A writ ordering a p
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Arcturus, the Big Dipper, Aries. Se
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For other purposes, use the man’s
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hope. Right: It is hoped that we wi
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I Iberia Air Lines of Spain An Iber
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as a records column; otherwise do n
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intelligence quotient IQ is accepta
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An example: Internet A decentralize
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nies that do business mainly on the
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ap.org is the domain. /states is th
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Searching Logic Almost as important
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this nation and Northern Ireland, a
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J Jacuzzi Trademark for a brand of
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second reference, use only the last
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justice of the peace Capitalize as
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use of kids as an informal synonym
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L la See foreign particles. Labor D
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Do not use lawyer as a formal title
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See party affiliation and titles. l
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lion took all the spoils of a joint
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ackgrounds, and the relatively smal
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Plurality means more than the next
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Massachusetts Abbrev.: Mass. Legall
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has some member conferences outside
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The principal abbreviations, for re
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Jones described the attack. Jones,
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To convert to inches, multiply by .
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See dates and years. Montreal The c
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N n. See nouns. naive names In gene
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tional Institute of Child Health an
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community followed by Netherlands A
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of the will of Alfred Nobel are: No
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an honor in her own right, use Dame
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porting on nuclear energy, include
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—0.6 percent, 1 percent, 6.5 perc
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oddsmaker off-, -off Follow Webster
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one time, one-time He did it one ti
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outfox outtalk outpatient (n., adj.
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Examples: 4th parallel north, 89th
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Passover The weeklong Jewish commem
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persuade See the convince, persuade
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PROPER NAMES below for an exception
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known to the public. If the story u
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ace. —Comparisons with other poll
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COMPOUND WORDS: Applying the rules
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ternates it records, predominate an
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See titles. pretense, pretext A pre
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The hyphen for the noun is an excep
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pygmy Capitalize only when referrin
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scribe themselves as pastors. Capit
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R R The restricted rating. See movi
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apply. The following examples of ex
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frequently cross denominational lin
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Rev. Dr. only if the individual has
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evolver See pistol and weapons. Rh
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descending order, cardinal, archbis
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S Sabbath Capitalize in religious r
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of a proper name: Public School 3,
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seesaw self- Always hyphenate: self
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and the Pharos or lighthouse at Ale
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name is the same in all references:
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The four West South Central states
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wives. spring See seasons. springti
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La. (LA) N.C. (NC) Wyo. (WY) (These
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subject See the citizen, resident,
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T Tabasco A trademark for a brand o
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temperatures Use figures for all ex
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throwaway (n. and adj.) thunderstor
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7 a.m. 8 a.m. 9 a.m. 10 a.m. 11 a.m
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used with an individual’s name: T
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stands alone in datelines. Tory, To
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normal practice of using figures fo
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One word only when used as an adjec
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istry and ritual of its congregatio
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US Airways Formerly USAir. Headquar
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V v. See verbs. vacuum Valium A tra
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president and titles. Do not drop t
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W Wac, WAC Wac is no longer used by
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cartridge See bullet above. clip A
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elow 32 degrees during the growing
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larger. The word hail in a watch im
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ence a strong headwind and increase
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wherever which See the essential cl
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See courtesy titles; divorcee; the
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XYZ Xerox A trademark for a brand o
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SPORTS GUIDELINES AND STYLE In 1983
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23. Bernhard Bergen, Austria, McLar
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ackcourtman baseline field goal fou
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knock out (v.) knockout (n. and adj
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Major College Basketball Conference
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shows completions, attempts, number
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goal line short-handed goal post sl
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M marathon Use the formats illustra
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name somewhere in story) CONMEBOL (
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goes to the first player or team to
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BUSINESS GUIDELINES AND STYLE This
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Not good: XYZ Data Co.’s net prof
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The “rollbacks” have been one o
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Chapter 7 — Sometimes referred to
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payments if a corporation is dissol
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E employee Not employe. equity When
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deliver it at the same time his flo
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maturity The date on which a bond,
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gross profit The difference between
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foreign exchange for immediate deli
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A GUIDE TO PUNCTUATION There is no
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ways double-check to be sure that t
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Put a comma before the concluding c
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ods, not semicolons, at the end of
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TWO-THOUGHT COM- POUNDS: serio-comi
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MISCELLANEOUS: The question mark su
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island was hard-hit by the hurrican
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For religion questions: Handbook of
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INTRODUCTION Associate Justice John
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slander, but your written publicati
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In New York, a statement of opinion
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2. Fair Comment and Criticism The f
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No suits resulted. In contrast, aft
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gambling and prostitution was found
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will definitely be eased. According
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Another case was brought by a Chica
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cern, even a private figure plainti
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2. At least one state, New York, re
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Under the same test, the following
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The court said: “It is reasonably
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CHAPTER 10 PROCEDURES FOR HANDLING
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e moved as quickly as possible so t
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Do not make any response to any let
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Second, the defendant must demonstr
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not require you to state your purpo
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published not concern or relate to
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current newsworthiness. Paul P. Ash
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cumstances, the use of copyright ma
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3. For SPECIALS the OVERLINE should
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STRUCTIONS field of the NAA/PTC hea
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AP Caption and NAA/IPTC Header Quic
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FILING THE WIRE These guidelines ar
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o — Weather tables and forecast f
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a0402 rw PM-Mondale, Bjt, 450 VERSI
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a0625 uwbx AM-Budget Surplus FORMAT
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Spot news advisories with informati
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AM-Air Fares, CLARIFICATION CLARIFI
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w AM-Budget-Dollar-Glance,100 Where
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LOGOS Follow the dateline by the AP
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ular letters when they are needed:
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the urgent slug on long writethrus.
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oldface, center flush right flush l
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U.S. Bureaus Following are telephon
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AP PUBLICATIONS AP STYLEBOOK The jo
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