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the inclusion of boys. Headquarters is in Kansas City, Mo. Both girls and boys are included in all levels of the organization. Boys and girls in kindergarten through second grades are Starflights. Children in third through fifth grades are Adventure club members. Children in sixth through eighth grades are Discovery members. Youths in ninth through 12th grades are Horizon members. campaign manager Do not treat as a formal title. Always lowercase. See titles. Canada Montreal, Ottawa, Quebec and Toronto stand alone in datelines. For all other datelines, use the city name and the name of the province or territory spelled out. The 10 provinces of Canada are Alberta, British Columbia, Manitoba, New Brunswick, Newfoundland and Labrador (but usually known as just Newfoundland), Nova Scotia, Ontario, Prince Edward Island, Quebec and Saskatchewan. The three territories are the Yukon, the Northwest Territories, and Nunavut (created April 1, 1999). The provinces have substantial autonomy from the federal government. The territories are administered by the federal government, although residents of the territories do elect their own legislators and representatives to Parliament. See datelines. Canada goose Not Canadian goose. Canadian Broadcasting Corp. CBC is acceptable in all references within contexts such as a television column. Otherwise, do not use CBC until second reference. canal Capitalize as an integral part of a proper name: the Suez Canal. Canal Zone Do not abbreviate. No longer used except when referring to the Panama Canal area during the time it was controlled by the United States, 1904-1979. cancel, canceled, canceling, cancellation cannon, canon A cannon is a weapon. See the weapons entry. A canon is a law or rule, particularly of a church. cannot cant The distinctive stock words and phrases used by a particular sect or class. See dialect. can’t hardly A double negative is implied. Better is: can hardly. cantor See Jewish congregations. Canuck This reference to a Canadian is sometimes considered a derogatory term. It should be avoided except when in quoted matter or in terms used in Canada, such as references to the hockey team, the Vancouver Canucks.
canvas, canvass Canvas is heavy cloth. Canvass is a noun and a verb denoting a survey. cape Capitalize as part of a proper name: Cape Cod, Cape Hatteras. Lowercase when standing alone. Although local practice may call for capitalizing the Cape when the rest of the name is clearly understood, always use the full name on first reference in wire copy. On second reference in wire copy, either repeat the full name or use the cape in lowercase. Cape Canaveral, Fla. Formerly Cape Kennedy. See John F. Kennedy Space Center. capital The city where a seat of government is located. Do not capitalize. When used in a financial sense, capital describes money, equipment or property used in a business by a person or corporation. capitalization In general, avoid unnecessary capitals. Use a capital letter only if you can justify it by one of the principles listed here. Many words and phrases, including special cases, are listed separately in this book. Entries that are capitalized without further comment should be capitalized in all uses. If there is no relevant listing in this book for a particular word or phrase, consult Webster’s New World Dictionary. Use lowercase if the dictionary lists it as an acceptable form for the sense in which the word is being used. As used in this book, capitalize means to use uppercase for the first letter of a word. If additional capital letters are needed, they are called for by an example or a phrase such as use all caps. Some basic principles: PROPER NOUNS: Capitalize nouns that constitute the unique identification for a specific person, place, or thing: John, Mary, America, Boston, England. Some words, such as the examples just given, are always proper nouns. Some common nouns receive proper noun status when they are used as the name of a particular entity: General Electric, Gulf Oil. PROPER NAMES: Capitalize common nouns such as party, river, street and west when they are an integral part of the full name for a person, place or thing: Democratic Party, Mississippi River, Fleet Street, West Virginia. Lowercase these common nouns when they stand alone in subsequent references: the party, the river, the street. Lowercase the common noun elements of names in all plural uses: the Democratic and Republican parties, Main and State streets, lakes Erie and Ontario. Among entries that provide additional guidelines are: animals historical periods brand names and events building holidays and committee holy days congress legislature datelines months days of the week monuments directions and nationalities and regions races family names nicknames food organizations and foreign institutions governmental planets bodies plants
Page 1 and 2: Associated Press Stylebook and Brie
Page 3 and 4: CONTENTS FOREWORD 5 STYLEBOOK Key 6
Page 5 and 6: FOREWORD Work on this Stylebook beg
Page 7 and 8: A AAA Formerly the American Automob
Page 9 and 10: A-bomb Use atomic bomb unless a dir
Page 11 and 12: The comma entry provides guidance o
Page 13 and 14: See comma in punctuation guidelines
Page 15 and 16: Trans World, United and Western. Co
Page 17 and 18: tor created the illusion of choppy
Page 19 and 20: American Postal Workers Union This
Page 21 and 22: Capitalize the name of a specific a
Page 23 and 24: April Fools’ Day Aqua-Lung A trad
Page 25 and 26: artificial intelligence Ideally, co
Page 27 and 28: Atomic Age It began Dec. 2, 1942, a
Page 29 and 30: B Baby Bells A collective descripti
Page 31 and 32: The largest of the more than 20 Bap
Page 33 and 34: structions: 3-to-2 odds, odds of 3-
Page 35 and 36: Block has more than a dozen definit
Page 37 and 38: Bricklayers, Masons and Plasterers
Page 39 and 40: and intuition. The doctrines are ag
Page 41: C cabinet Capitalize references to
Page 45 and 46: carats. A carat is equal to 200 mil
Page 47 and 48: Central America See Western Hemisph
Page 49 and 50: —CAPTURES BY PAWNS: When a pawn c
Page 51 and 52: Christian Science Church See Church
Page 53 and 54: Spell out the names of cities unles
Page 55 and 56: coast Lowercase when referring to t
Page 57 and 58: commander in chief Capitalize only
Page 59 and 60: complementary, complimentary The hu
Page 61 and 62: Congressional Record A daily public
Page 63 and 64: contractions Contractions reflect i
Page 65 and 66: See the consumer price index and in
Page 67 and 68: Court, the state Superior Court, th
Page 69 and 70: D Dacron A trademark for a brand of
Page 71 and 72: BEIJING MEXICO CITY BERLIN MONACO D
Page 73 and 74: Daughters of the American Revolutio
Page 75 and 76: Democratic National Committee On th
Page 77 and 78: dictionaries For spelling, style an
Page 79 and 80: use terms such as visually impaired
Page 81 and 82: For specified amounts, the word tak
Page 83 and 84: E each Takes a singular verb. each
Page 85 and 86: Rome supremacy over other bishops.
Page 87 and 88: Nixon defeated McGovern 16 votes to
Page 89 and 90: Capitalize Episcopal when referring
Page 91 and 92: PUNCTUATION: An essential clause mu
Page 93 and 94:
Year’s Eve, Christmas Eve. But: t
Page 95 and 96:
F face to face When a story says tw
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feather bedding, featherbedding Fea
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trademark for fiberglass or glass f
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six teaspoons. The metric equivalen
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the lower house of a legislative bo
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She sang a fragment of the song. Fr
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G G The general audience rating. Se
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an entry, use the first-listed spel
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government, junta, regime A governm
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Great Atlantic & Pacific Tea Co. In
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H habeas corpus A writ ordering a p
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Arcturus, the Big Dipper, Aries. Se
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For other purposes, use the man’s
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hope. Right: It is hoped that we wi
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I Iberia Air Lines of Spain An Iber
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as a records column; otherwise do n
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intelligence quotient IQ is accepta
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An example: Internet A decentralize
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nies that do business mainly on the
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ap.org is the domain. /states is th
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Searching Logic Almost as important
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this nation and Northern Ireland, a
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J Jacuzzi Trademark for a brand of
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second reference, use only the last
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justice of the peace Capitalize as
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use of kids as an informal synonym
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L la See foreign particles. Labor D
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Do not use lawyer as a formal title
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See party affiliation and titles. l
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lion took all the spoils of a joint
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ackgrounds, and the relatively smal
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Plurality means more than the next
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Massachusetts Abbrev.: Mass. Legall
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has some member conferences outside
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The principal abbreviations, for re
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Jones described the attack. Jones,
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To convert to inches, multiply by .
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See dates and years. Montreal The c
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N n. See nouns. naive names In gene
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tional Institute of Child Health an
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community followed by Netherlands A
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of the will of Alfred Nobel are: No
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an honor in her own right, use Dame
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porting on nuclear energy, include
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—0.6 percent, 1 percent, 6.5 perc
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oddsmaker off-, -off Follow Webster
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one time, one-time He did it one ti
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outfox outtalk outpatient (n., adj.
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Examples: 4th parallel north, 89th
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Passover The weeklong Jewish commem
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persuade See the convince, persuade
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PROPER NAMES below for an exception
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known to the public. If the story u
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ace. —Comparisons with other poll
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COMPOUND WORDS: Applying the rules
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ternates it records, predominate an
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See titles. pretense, pretext A pre
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The hyphen for the noun is an excep
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pygmy Capitalize only when referrin
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scribe themselves as pastors. Capit
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R R The restricted rating. See movi
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apply. The following examples of ex
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frequently cross denominational lin
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Rev. Dr. only if the individual has
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evolver See pistol and weapons. Rh
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descending order, cardinal, archbis
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S Sabbath Capitalize in religious r
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of a proper name: Public School 3,
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seesaw self- Always hyphenate: self
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and the Pharos or lighthouse at Ale
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name is the same in all references:
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The four West South Central states
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wives. spring See seasons. springti
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La. (LA) N.C. (NC) Wyo. (WY) (These
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subject See the citizen, resident,
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T Tabasco A trademark for a brand o
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temperatures Use figures for all ex
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throwaway (n. and adj.) thunderstor
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7 a.m. 8 a.m. 9 a.m. 10 a.m. 11 a.m
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used with an individual’s name: T
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stands alone in datelines. Tory, To
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normal practice of using figures fo
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One word only when used as an adjec
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istry and ritual of its congregatio
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US Airways Formerly USAir. Headquar
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V v. See verbs. vacuum Valium A tra
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president and titles. Do not drop t
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W Wac, WAC Wac is no longer used by
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cartridge See bullet above. clip A
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elow 32 degrees during the growing
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larger. The word hail in a watch im
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ence a strong headwind and increase
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wherever which See the essential cl
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See courtesy titles; divorcee; the
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XYZ Xerox A trademark for a brand o
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SPORTS GUIDELINES AND STYLE In 1983
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23. Bernhard Bergen, Austria, McLar
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ackcourtman baseline field goal fou
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knock out (v.) knockout (n. and adj
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Major College Basketball Conference
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shows completions, attempts, number
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goal line short-handed goal post sl
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M marathon Use the formats illustra
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name somewhere in story) CONMEBOL (
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goes to the first player or team to
Page 305 and 306:
BUSINESS GUIDELINES AND STYLE This
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Not good: XYZ Data Co.’s net prof
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The “rollbacks” have been one o
Page 311 and 312:
Chapter 7 — Sometimes referred to
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payments if a corporation is dissol
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E employee Not employe. equity When
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deliver it at the same time his flo
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maturity The date on which a bond,
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gross profit The difference between
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foreign exchange for immediate deli
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A GUIDE TO PUNCTUATION There is no
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ways double-check to be sure that t
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Put a comma before the concluding c
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ods, not semicolons, at the end of
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TWO-THOUGHT COM- POUNDS: serio-comi
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MISCELLANEOUS: The question mark su
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island was hard-hit by the hurrican
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For religion questions: Handbook of
Page 341 and 342:
INTRODUCTION Associate Justice John
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slander, but your written publicati
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In New York, a statement of opinion
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2. Fair Comment and Criticism The f
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No suits resulted. In contrast, aft
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gambling and prostitution was found
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will definitely be eased. According
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Another case was brought by a Chica
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cern, even a private figure plainti
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2. At least one state, New York, re
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Under the same test, the following
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The court said: “It is reasonably
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CHAPTER 10 PROCEDURES FOR HANDLING
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e moved as quickly as possible so t
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Do not make any response to any let
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Second, the defendant must demonstr
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not require you to state your purpo
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published not concern or relate to
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current newsworthiness. Paul P. Ash
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cumstances, the use of copyright ma
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3. For SPECIALS the OVERLINE should
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STRUCTIONS field of the NAA/PTC hea
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AP Caption and NAA/IPTC Header Quic
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FILING THE WIRE These guidelines ar
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o — Weather tables and forecast f
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a0402 rw PM-Mondale, Bjt, 450 VERSI
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a0625 uwbx AM-Budget Surplus FORMAT
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Spot news advisories with informati
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AM-Air Fares, CLARIFICATION CLARIFI
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w AM-Budget-Dollar-Glance,100 Where
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LOGOS Follow the dateline by the AP
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ular letters when they are needed:
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the urgent slug on long writethrus.
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oldface, center flush right flush l
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U.S. Bureaus Following are telephon
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AP PUBLICATIONS AP STYLEBOOK The jo
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