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See bus, buses. by- The rules in prefixes apply, but in general, no hyphen. Some examples: byline byproduct bypass bystreet By-election is an exception. See the next entry. by-election A special election held between regularly scheduled elections. The term most often is associated with special elections to the British House of Commons. bylaw bylines Use only if the reporter was in the datelined community to gather the information reported. Nicknames should not be used unless they specifically are requested by the writer.
C cabinet Capitalize references to a specific body of advisers heading executive departments for a president, king, governor, etc.: The president-elect said he has not made his Cabinet selections. The capital letter distinguishes the word from the common noun meaning cupboard, which is lowercase. See department for a listing of all the U.S. Cabinet departments. Cabinet titles Capitalize the full title when used before a name; lowercase in other uses: Secretary of State Cyrus R. Vance, but Juanita M. Kreps, secretary of commerce. See titles. cactus, cactuses cadet See military academies. Caesarean section caliber The form: .38-caliber pistol. See weapons. California Abbrev.: Calif. See state names. call letters Use all caps. Use hyphens to separate the type of station from the basic call letters: WBZ-AM, WBZ-FM, WBZ-TV. Until the summer of 1976, the format for citizens band operators was three letters and four figures: KTE9136. Licenses issued since then use four letters and four figures: KTEM1234. Shortwave stations, which operate with greater power than citizens band stations and on different frequencies, typically mix letters and figures: K2LRX. See channel; citizens band; radio station; and television station. call up (v.) call-up (n. and adj.) Cambodia Use this rather than Kampuchea in datelines since the country continues to be known more widely by this name. In the body of stories Kampuchea may be used as long as it is identified as another name for Cambodia. Cameroon Not Camerouns or Cameroun. See geographic names. Camp Fire Boys and Girls The full name of the national organization formerly known as Camp Fire, Inc. Founded in 1910 as Camp Fire Girls, the name was changed to Camp Fire, Inc., in 1979, and again in 1993 to reflect
Page 1 and 2: Associated Press Stylebook and Brie
Page 3 and 4: CONTENTS FOREWORD 5 STYLEBOOK Key 6
Page 5 and 6: FOREWORD Work on this Stylebook beg
Page 7 and 8: A AAA Formerly the American Automob
Page 9 and 10: A-bomb Use atomic bomb unless a dir
Page 11 and 12: The comma entry provides guidance o
Page 13 and 14: See comma in punctuation guidelines
Page 15 and 16: Trans World, United and Western. Co
Page 17 and 18: tor created the illusion of choppy
Page 19 and 20: American Postal Workers Union This
Page 21 and 22: Capitalize the name of a specific a
Page 23 and 24: April Fools’ Day Aqua-Lung A trad
Page 25 and 26: artificial intelligence Ideally, co
Page 27 and 28: Atomic Age It began Dec. 2, 1942, a
Page 29 and 30: B Baby Bells A collective descripti
Page 31 and 32: The largest of the more than 20 Bap
Page 33 and 34: structions: 3-to-2 odds, odds of 3-
Page 35 and 36: Block has more than a dozen definit
Page 37 and 38: Bricklayers, Masons and Plasterers
Page 39: and intuition. The doctrines are ag
Page 43 and 44: canvas, canvass Canvas is heavy clo
Page 45 and 46: carats. A carat is equal to 200 mil
Page 47 and 48: Central America See Western Hemisph
Page 49 and 50: —CAPTURES BY PAWNS: When a pawn c
Page 51 and 52: Christian Science Church See Church
Page 53 and 54: Spell out the names of cities unles
Page 55 and 56: coast Lowercase when referring to t
Page 57 and 58: commander in chief Capitalize only
Page 59 and 60: complementary, complimentary The hu
Page 61 and 62: Congressional Record A daily public
Page 63 and 64: contractions Contractions reflect i
Page 65 and 66: See the consumer price index and in
Page 67 and 68: Court, the state Superior Court, th
Page 69 and 70: D Dacron A trademark for a brand of
Page 71 and 72: BEIJING MEXICO CITY BERLIN MONACO D
Page 73 and 74: Daughters of the American Revolutio
Page 75 and 76: Democratic National Committee On th
Page 77 and 78: dictionaries For spelling, style an
Page 79 and 80: use terms such as visually impaired
Page 81 and 82: For specified amounts, the word tak
Page 83 and 84: E each Takes a singular verb. each
Page 85 and 86: Rome supremacy over other bishops.
Page 87 and 88: Nixon defeated McGovern 16 votes to
Page 89 and 90: Capitalize Episcopal when referring
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PUNCTUATION: An essential clause mu
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Year’s Eve, Christmas Eve. But: t
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F face to face When a story says tw
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feather bedding, featherbedding Fea
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trademark for fiberglass or glass f
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six teaspoons. The metric equivalen
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the lower house of a legislative bo
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She sang a fragment of the song. Fr
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G G The general audience rating. Se
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an entry, use the first-listed spel
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government, junta, regime A governm
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Great Atlantic & Pacific Tea Co. In
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H habeas corpus A writ ordering a p
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Arcturus, the Big Dipper, Aries. Se
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For other purposes, use the man’s
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hope. Right: It is hoped that we wi
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I Iberia Air Lines of Spain An Iber
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as a records column; otherwise do n
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intelligence quotient IQ is accepta
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An example: Internet A decentralize
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nies that do business mainly on the
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ap.org is the domain. /states is th
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Searching Logic Almost as important
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this nation and Northern Ireland, a
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J Jacuzzi Trademark for a brand of
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second reference, use only the last
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justice of the peace Capitalize as
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use of kids as an informal synonym
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L la See foreign particles. Labor D
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Do not use lawyer as a formal title
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See party affiliation and titles. l
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lion took all the spoils of a joint
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ackgrounds, and the relatively smal
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Plurality means more than the next
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Massachusetts Abbrev.: Mass. Legall
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has some member conferences outside
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The principal abbreviations, for re
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Jones described the attack. Jones,
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To convert to inches, multiply by .
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See dates and years. Montreal The c
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N n. See nouns. naive names In gene
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tional Institute of Child Health an
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community followed by Netherlands A
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of the will of Alfred Nobel are: No
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an honor in her own right, use Dame
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porting on nuclear energy, include
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—0.6 percent, 1 percent, 6.5 perc
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oddsmaker off-, -off Follow Webster
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one time, one-time He did it one ti
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outfox outtalk outpatient (n., adj.
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Examples: 4th parallel north, 89th
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Passover The weeklong Jewish commem
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persuade See the convince, persuade
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PROPER NAMES below for an exception
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known to the public. If the story u
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ace. —Comparisons with other poll
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COMPOUND WORDS: Applying the rules
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ternates it records, predominate an
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See titles. pretense, pretext A pre
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The hyphen for the noun is an excep
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pygmy Capitalize only when referrin
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scribe themselves as pastors. Capit
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R R The restricted rating. See movi
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apply. The following examples of ex
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frequently cross denominational lin
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Rev. Dr. only if the individual has
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evolver See pistol and weapons. Rh
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descending order, cardinal, archbis
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S Sabbath Capitalize in religious r
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of a proper name: Public School 3,
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seesaw self- Always hyphenate: self
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and the Pharos or lighthouse at Ale
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name is the same in all references:
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The four West South Central states
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wives. spring See seasons. springti
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La. (LA) N.C. (NC) Wyo. (WY) (These
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subject See the citizen, resident,
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T Tabasco A trademark for a brand o
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temperatures Use figures for all ex
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throwaway (n. and adj.) thunderstor
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7 a.m. 8 a.m. 9 a.m. 10 a.m. 11 a.m
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used with an individual’s name: T
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stands alone in datelines. Tory, To
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normal practice of using figures fo
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One word only when used as an adjec
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istry and ritual of its congregatio
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US Airways Formerly USAir. Headquar
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V v. See verbs. vacuum Valium A tra
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president and titles. Do not drop t
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W Wac, WAC Wac is no longer used by
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cartridge See bullet above. clip A
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elow 32 degrees during the growing
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larger. The word hail in a watch im
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ence a strong headwind and increase
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wherever which See the essential cl
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See courtesy titles; divorcee; the
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XYZ Xerox A trademark for a brand o
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SPORTS GUIDELINES AND STYLE In 1983
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23. Bernhard Bergen, Austria, McLar
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ackcourtman baseline field goal fou
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knock out (v.) knockout (n. and adj
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Major College Basketball Conference
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shows completions, attempts, number
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goal line short-handed goal post sl
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M marathon Use the formats illustra
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name somewhere in story) CONMEBOL (
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goes to the first player or team to
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BUSINESS GUIDELINES AND STYLE This
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Not good: XYZ Data Co.’s net prof
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The “rollbacks” have been one o
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Chapter 7 — Sometimes referred to
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payments if a corporation is dissol
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E employee Not employe. equity When
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deliver it at the same time his flo
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maturity The date on which a bond,
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gross profit The difference between
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foreign exchange for immediate deli
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A GUIDE TO PUNCTUATION There is no
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ways double-check to be sure that t
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Put a comma before the concluding c
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ods, not semicolons, at the end of
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TWO-THOUGHT COM- POUNDS: serio-comi
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MISCELLANEOUS: The question mark su
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island was hard-hit by the hurrican
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For religion questions: Handbook of
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INTRODUCTION Associate Justice John
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slander, but your written publicati
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In New York, a statement of opinion
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2. Fair Comment and Criticism The f
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No suits resulted. In contrast, aft
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gambling and prostitution was found
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will definitely be eased. According
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Another case was brought by a Chica
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cern, even a private figure plainti
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2. At least one state, New York, re
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Under the same test, the following
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The court said: “It is reasonably
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CHAPTER 10 PROCEDURES FOR HANDLING
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e moved as quickly as possible so t
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Do not make any response to any let
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Second, the defendant must demonstr
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not require you to state your purpo
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published not concern or relate to
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current newsworthiness. Paul P. Ash
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cumstances, the use of copyright ma
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3. For SPECIALS the OVERLINE should
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STRUCTIONS field of the NAA/PTC hea
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AP Caption and NAA/IPTC Header Quic
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FILING THE WIRE These guidelines ar
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o — Weather tables and forecast f
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a0402 rw PM-Mondale, Bjt, 450 VERSI
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a0625 uwbx AM-Budget Surplus FORMAT
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Spot news advisories with informati
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AM-Air Fares, CLARIFICATION CLARIFI
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w AM-Budget-Dollar-Glance,100 Where
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LOGOS Follow the dateline by the AP
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ular letters when they are needed:
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the urgent slug on long writethrus.
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oldface, center flush right flush l
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U.S. Bureaus Following are telephon
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AP PUBLICATIONS AP STYLEBOOK The jo
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