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PHOTO CAPTIONS 380 Caption Corrections, Additions, Eliminations 382 Photo Kills and Eliminations 383 NAA/IPTC Header Fields 383 Supplemental Categories 386 FILING THE WIRE Coding Requirements 387 Keyword Slug Line 389 Version Section 390 Reference Number Section 392 Format Identifiers 393 Special Note to Members 393 FILING PRACTICES 394 PROOFREADERS’ MARKS 406 ABOUT THE AP Headquarters 408 U.S. Bureaus 409 AP PUBLICATIONS Order Form 412
FOREWORD Work on this Stylebook began in mid-1975. The orders were: Make clear and simple rules, permit few exceptions to the rules, and rely heavily on the chosen dictionary as the arbiter of conflicts. As work progressed, we became convinced that while style would remain the chief purpose, there were many factual references we should include to make things a bit easier for busy editors. So we have a Stylebook, but also a reference work. As for the “style” itself, we thought at the outset that it wouldn’t be possible to please everyone. Of course, we were right. Journalists approach these style questions with varying degrees of passion. Some don’t think it is really important. Some agree that basically there should be uniformity for reading ease if nothing else. Still others are prepared to duel over a wayward lowercase. We encountered all three of these types and, in their special ways, all were helpful. It is customary at this place to thank those whose aid and counsel produced the volume that follows. That list is long. It ranges from the staff of The Associated Press to editors and writers on member newspapers, to other individuals and groups with special interests in some subjects. In particular we sought and received many member views on a variety of difficult questions so that this book could reflect what members wanted. We are particularly grateful to those newspaper editors who agreed to review the final draft and give us their comments as well as those of their staffs. The completed book incorporates many of their suggestions. We have tried to make the Stylebook current and trust it will be a lasting work. But language changes, and we will review entries annually, making necessary changes by wire notes during the review period. Each new printing of the Stylebook will incorporate the changes that have been announced on the wires. LOUIS D. BOCCARDI President and Chief Executive Officer
Page 1 and 2: Associated Press Stylebook and Brie
Page 3: CONTENTS FOREWORD 5 STYLEBOOK Key 6
Page 7 and 8: A AAA Formerly the American Automob
Page 9 and 10: A-bomb Use atomic bomb unless a dir
Page 11 and 12: The comma entry provides guidance o
Page 13 and 14: See comma in punctuation guidelines
Page 15 and 16: Trans World, United and Western. Co
Page 17 and 18: tor created the illusion of choppy
Page 19 and 20: American Postal Workers Union This
Page 21 and 22: Capitalize the name of a specific a
Page 23 and 24: April Fools’ Day Aqua-Lung A trad
Page 25 and 26: artificial intelligence Ideally, co
Page 27 and 28: Atomic Age It began Dec. 2, 1942, a
Page 29 and 30: B Baby Bells A collective descripti
Page 31 and 32: The largest of the more than 20 Bap
Page 33 and 34: structions: 3-to-2 odds, odds of 3-
Page 35 and 36: Block has more than a dozen definit
Page 37 and 38: Bricklayers, Masons and Plasterers
Page 39 and 40: and intuition. The doctrines are ag
Page 41 and 42: C cabinet Capitalize references to
Page 43 and 44: canvas, canvass Canvas is heavy clo
Page 45 and 46: carats. A carat is equal to 200 mil
Page 47 and 48: Central America See Western Hemisph
Page 49 and 50: —CAPTURES BY PAWNS: When a pawn c
Page 51 and 52: Christian Science Church See Church
Page 53 and 54: Spell out the names of cities unles
Page 55 and 56:
coast Lowercase when referring to t
Page 57 and 58:
commander in chief Capitalize only
Page 59 and 60:
complementary, complimentary The hu
Page 61 and 62:
Congressional Record A daily public
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contractions Contractions reflect i
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See the consumer price index and in
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Court, the state Superior Court, th
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D Dacron A trademark for a brand of
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BEIJING MEXICO CITY BERLIN MONACO D
Page 73 and 74:
Daughters of the American Revolutio
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Democratic National Committee On th
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dictionaries For spelling, style an
Page 79 and 80:
use terms such as visually impaired
Page 81 and 82:
For specified amounts, the word tak
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E each Takes a singular verb. each
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Rome supremacy over other bishops.
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Nixon defeated McGovern 16 votes to
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Capitalize Episcopal when referring
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PUNCTUATION: An essential clause mu
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Year’s Eve, Christmas Eve. But: t
Page 95 and 96:
F face to face When a story says tw
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feather bedding, featherbedding Fea
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trademark for fiberglass or glass f
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six teaspoons. The metric equivalen
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the lower house of a legislative bo
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She sang a fragment of the song. Fr
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G G The general audience rating. Se
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an entry, use the first-listed spel
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government, junta, regime A governm
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Great Atlantic & Pacific Tea Co. In
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H habeas corpus A writ ordering a p
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Arcturus, the Big Dipper, Aries. Se
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For other purposes, use the man’s
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hope. Right: It is hoped that we wi
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I Iberia Air Lines of Spain An Iber
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as a records column; otherwise do n
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intelligence quotient IQ is accepta
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An example: Internet A decentralize
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nies that do business mainly on the
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ap.org is the domain. /states is th
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Searching Logic Almost as important
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this nation and Northern Ireland, a
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J Jacuzzi Trademark for a brand of
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second reference, use only the last
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justice of the peace Capitalize as
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use of kids as an informal synonym
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L la See foreign particles. Labor D
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Do not use lawyer as a formal title
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See party affiliation and titles. l
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lion took all the spoils of a joint
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ackgrounds, and the relatively smal
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Plurality means more than the next
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Massachusetts Abbrev.: Mass. Legall
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has some member conferences outside
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The principal abbreviations, for re
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Jones described the attack. Jones,
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To convert to inches, multiply by .
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See dates and years. Montreal The c
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N n. See nouns. naive names In gene
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tional Institute of Child Health an
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community followed by Netherlands A
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of the will of Alfred Nobel are: No
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an honor in her own right, use Dame
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porting on nuclear energy, include
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—0.6 percent, 1 percent, 6.5 perc
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oddsmaker off-, -off Follow Webster
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one time, one-time He did it one ti
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outfox outtalk outpatient (n., adj.
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Examples: 4th parallel north, 89th
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Passover The weeklong Jewish commem
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persuade See the convince, persuade
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PROPER NAMES below for an exception
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known to the public. If the story u
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ace. —Comparisons with other poll
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COMPOUND WORDS: Applying the rules
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ternates it records, predominate an
Page 207 and 208:
See titles. pretense, pretext A pre
Page 209 and 210:
The hyphen for the noun is an excep
Page 211 and 212:
pygmy Capitalize only when referrin
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scribe themselves as pastors. Capit
Page 215 and 216:
R R The restricted rating. See movi
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apply. The following examples of ex
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frequently cross denominational lin
Page 221 and 222:
Rev. Dr. only if the individual has
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evolver See pistol and weapons. Rh
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descending order, cardinal, archbis
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S Sabbath Capitalize in religious r
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of a proper name: Public School 3,
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seesaw self- Always hyphenate: self
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and the Pharos or lighthouse at Ale
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name is the same in all references:
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The four West South Central states
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wives. spring See seasons. springti
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La. (LA) N.C. (NC) Wyo. (WY) (These
Page 243 and 244:
subject See the citizen, resident,
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T Tabasco A trademark for a brand o
Page 247 and 248:
temperatures Use figures for all ex
Page 249 and 250:
throwaway (n. and adj.) thunderstor
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7 a.m. 8 a.m. 9 a.m. 10 a.m. 11 a.m
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used with an individual’s name: T
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stands alone in datelines. Tory, To
Page 257 and 258:
normal practice of using figures fo
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One word only when used as an adjec
Page 261 and 262:
istry and ritual of its congregatio
Page 263 and 264:
US Airways Formerly USAir. Headquar
Page 265 and 266:
V v. See verbs. vacuum Valium A tra
Page 267 and 268:
president and titles. Do not drop t
Page 269 and 270:
W Wac, WAC Wac is no longer used by
Page 271 and 272:
cartridge See bullet above. clip A
Page 273 and 274:
elow 32 degrees during the growing
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larger. The word hail in a watch im
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ence a strong headwind and increase
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wherever which See the essential cl
Page 281 and 282:
See courtesy titles; divorcee; the
Page 283 and 284:
XYZ Xerox A trademark for a brand o
Page 285 and 286:
SPORTS GUIDELINES AND STYLE In 1983
Page 287 and 288:
23. Bernhard Bergen, Austria, McLar
Page 289 and 290:
ackcourtman baseline field goal fou
Page 291 and 292:
knock out (v.) knockout (n. and adj
Page 293 and 294:
Major College Basketball Conference
Page 295 and 296:
shows completions, attempts, number
Page 297 and 298:
goal line short-handed goal post sl
Page 299 and 300:
M marathon Use the formats illustra
Page 301 and 302:
name somewhere in story) CONMEBOL (
Page 303 and 304:
goes to the first player or team to
Page 305 and 306:
BUSINESS GUIDELINES AND STYLE This
Page 307 and 308:
Not good: XYZ Data Co.’s net prof
Page 309 and 310:
The “rollbacks” have been one o
Page 311 and 312:
Chapter 7 — Sometimes referred to
Page 313 and 314:
payments if a corporation is dissol
Page 315 and 316:
E employee Not employe. equity When
Page 317 and 318:
deliver it at the same time his flo
Page 319 and 320:
maturity The date on which a bond,
Page 321 and 322:
gross profit The difference between
Page 323 and 324:
foreign exchange for immediate deli
Page 325 and 326:
A GUIDE TO PUNCTUATION There is no
Page 327 and 328:
ways double-check to be sure that t
Page 329 and 330:
Put a comma before the concluding c
Page 331 and 332:
ods, not semicolons, at the end of
Page 333 and 334:
TWO-THOUGHT COM- POUNDS: serio-comi
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MISCELLANEOUS: The question mark su
Page 337 and 338:
island was hard-hit by the hurrican
Page 339 and 340:
For religion questions: Handbook of
Page 341 and 342:
INTRODUCTION Associate Justice John
Page 343 and 344:
slander, but your written publicati
Page 345 and 346:
In New York, a statement of opinion
Page 347 and 348:
2. Fair Comment and Criticism The f
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No suits resulted. In contrast, aft
Page 351 and 352:
gambling and prostitution was found
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will definitely be eased. According
Page 355 and 356:
Another case was brought by a Chica
Page 357 and 358:
cern, even a private figure plainti
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2. At least one state, New York, re
Page 361 and 362:
Under the same test, the following
Page 363 and 364:
The court said: “It is reasonably
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CHAPTER 10 PROCEDURES FOR HANDLING
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e moved as quickly as possible so t
Page 369 and 370:
Do not make any response to any let
Page 371 and 372:
Second, the defendant must demonstr
Page 373 and 374:
not require you to state your purpo
Page 375 and 376:
published not concern or relate to
Page 377 and 378:
current newsworthiness. Paul P. Ash
Page 379 and 380:
cumstances, the use of copyright ma
Page 381 and 382:
3. For SPECIALS the OVERLINE should
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STRUCTIONS field of the NAA/PTC hea
Page 385 and 386:
AP Caption and NAA/IPTC Header Quic
Page 387 and 388:
FILING THE WIRE These guidelines ar
Page 389 and 390:
o — Weather tables and forecast f
Page 391 and 392:
a0402 rw PM-Mondale, Bjt, 450 VERSI
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a0625 uwbx AM-Budget Surplus FORMAT
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Spot news advisories with informati
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AM-Air Fares, CLARIFICATION CLARIFI
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w AM-Budget-Dollar-Glance,100 Where
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LOGOS Follow the dateline by the AP
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ular letters when they are needed:
Page 405 and 406:
the urgent slug on long writethrus.
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oldface, center flush right flush l
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U.S. Bureaus Following are telephon
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AP PUBLICATIONS AP STYLEBOOK The jo
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