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nvMbr 30, 2014 - sPf 9<br />
aivnfÈ qoN bfad mjITIaf dI vfrI<br />
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mfstr pRqfp isMG ny kYnyzIan zrwg smwglrF<br />
swqf aqy ipMdI nfl quhfzy irÈiqaF AuWpr mohr<br />
lgfeI hY<br />
bfjvf dy inÈfny `qy mjITIaf<br />
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isMG mjITIaf ƒ ibnF dyrI mMqrI mMzl ivcoN<br />
brKfsq krn dI mMg AuTfeI hY. AunHF ikhf ik<br />
ienPorsmYNt zfierYktoryt vloN mjITIaf ƒ<br />
sMmn jfrI krn dy mfmly ivc hoey Kulfsy qoN<br />
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ienPorsmYNt zfierYktoryt (eI[ zI[) zrwg<br />
mfmly ivc srvx isMG iPlOr aqy aivnfÈ<br />
cMdr afid ƒ sMmn jfrI krn qoN bfad suafljvfb<br />
leI mjITIaf ƒ vI sMmn jfrI krnf<br />
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jf rhy dbfa kfrn ieh nhIN ho irhf hY.<br />
mnpRIq ny mjITIaf Gyiraf<br />
pIplË pfrtI afP pMjfb dy pRDfn<br />
mnpRIq isMG bfdl ny pMjfb dy mfl mMqrI<br />
ibkrm isMG mjITIaf ƒ mMqrI dy ahudy qoN<br />
htfAux dI mMg kIqI hY. AunHF ikhf ik nÈf<br />
qskrF vwloN qPqIÈ dOrfn mjITIaf df nF ley<br />
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vfsqy AunHF ƒ kYbint mMqrI dy ahudy qoN htf<br />
idwqf jfvy. AunHF ikhf ik ies kys ivwc igRPqfr<br />
kIqy gey Bolf qy hor ivakqIaF vwloN jFc eyjMsI<br />
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ÈRomxI akflI dl ny vI ivroDI iDr<br />
Kfs krky pMjfb kFgrs dy pRDfn pRqfp isMG<br />
bfjvf iÉlfÌ morcf KolH idwqf hY. pfrtI afgU<br />
avqfr isMG brfV aqy sfbkf izptI spIkr<br />
drbfrI lfl ny bfjvf `qy pMjfb srkfr vwloN<br />
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sn. AunHF ikhf ik sfbkf muwK mMqrI aqy lok<br />
sBf ivc kFgrs dy mOjUdf Aup-nyqf kYptn<br />
amirMdr isMG vwloN kFgrs pRDfn sRImqI sonIaf<br />
gFDI ƒ iek pwqr ilK ky pRqfp isMG bfjvf dI<br />
zrwg mfPIaf qy awqvfdI ipCokV vfly<br />
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mjITIaf ny idwqf spwÈtIkrn<br />
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GsIt ky AunHF dI sfK ƒ Zfa lfAux `qy biËwd<br />
hn. pRvfsI BfrqIaF vloN AunHF dy ivafh ivc<br />
Èfml hox dy doÈF bfry itwpxI kridaF mjITIaf<br />
ny spwÈt kIqf ik AunHF dy ivafh mOky smfj dy<br />
vwK-vwK vrgF nfl sMbMiDq hËfrF ivakqI<br />
Èfml hoey sn.<br />
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dunIaF `c sB qoN vwD Êulfm Bfrq ivc<br />
ieh bhuq vwzf XQfrQ hY ik dunIaF Br ivwc<br />
gulfmI dI igRÌq `c Psy lokF dI igxqI Bfrq<br />
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hMZfAux leI mjbUr hY. Ëfihr hY, bIqy dhfikaF<br />
dOrfn dilqF, pwCiVaF, ÊrIbF dy ivkfs leI<br />
kuJ Xqn kIqy gey, pr Auh<br />
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ky rwKxf bhuq pihlF hI aprfD aYlfinaf jf<br />
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ienHF ivwc bwicaF dI igxqI sB qoN vDIk hovygI.<br />
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ivwc ikhf igaf hY ik dunIaF Br ivwc qkrIbn<br />
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bfad rUs aqy pUrbI XUrp ivwc gulfmI pRQf ivwc<br />
ieËfPf hoieaf.<br />
pUrbI aPrIkf dy dys sUzfn ivwc<br />
gulfm pRQf ƒ srkfr dI mfnqf imlI hoeI hY.<br />
iewQy aOrqF qy bwicaF qoN mËdUrI krvfeI jFdI<br />
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sYnf ivwc bwicaF dI ËbrdsqI BrqI kIqI jFdI<br />
hY. aÌrIkf qoN dUjy dysF ivwc ÊulfmF ƒ iljfx<br />
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qy Bwjx dI koiÈÈ nf krn. ienHF ËulmF kfrn<br />
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ivwc Cfl mfr ky mr jFdy sn. cIn qy brmf ivwc<br />
vI gulfmF dI hflq byhwd qrsXog hY. AunHF qoN<br />
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leI vyicaf jFdf hY.<br />
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ies ivwc vfDf hI hoieaf hY. srkfr vI ies gwl<br />
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ƒ mMndI hY ik dys `c bMDUaf mËdUrI jfrI hY.<br />
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2003 qwk dys Br ivwc do lwK 86 hËfr 612<br />
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idwqy gey. ies qoN bfad 15 kroV 78 lwK 18<br />
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rfjsQfn, qfimlnfzU, AuWqr pRdyÈ qy AuWqrfKMz<br />
ƒ 31 mfrc 2006 qwk bMDUaf bwicaF df<br />
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lwK rupey dI rfÈI idwqI geI.<br />
Bfrq `c gulfmI dI hflq<br />
Bfrq ivwc sdIaF qoN iksfn ipMzF dy<br />
ÈfhUkfrF qoN Kfd, Kfd, bIj, rsfiexF aqy KyqI<br />
XMqrF afid leI krËf lYNdy rhy hn. ies krË<br />
dy bdly AunHF ƒ afpxy Gr aqy Kyq qwk igrvI<br />
rwKxy pYNdy hn. krËy qoN keI guxf rkm cukfAux<br />
qoN bfad vI jdoN AunHF df krËf nhIN Auqr skdf.<br />
iewQy qwk ik AunHF dy Gr aqy Kyq qwk ÈfhUkfrF<br />
kol cly jFdy hn. ies qoN bfad Auh vI ÈfhUkfrF<br />
dy bMDUaf bx ky rih jFdy hn.<br />
aYNtI slyvrI ieMtrnYÈnl muqfbk<br />
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Bfrq ivwc aijhy ikMny BwTy qy hor<br />
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bxf ky AunHF qoN imhnq krvfeI jFdI hY qy<br />
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nfl AunHF ƒ do vkq vI pyt Br ky rotI nsIb<br />
nhIN huMdI. aÌsos dI gwl qF ieh hY ik sB kuJ<br />
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bixaf rihMdf hY, pr jdoN bMDUaf mukqI morcf<br />
ijvyN sMgTn mIzIaf rfhIN pRÈfsn `qy dbfa<br />
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kuJ QfvF `qy Cfpf mfr ky Auh rsm adfiegI kr<br />
lYNdy hn.<br />
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idwqI. 1808 ivwc amrIkI kFgrs ny gulfmI `qy<br />
pfbMdI lgf idwqI. 1833 qwk ieh kfƒn pUry<br />
ibRitÈ sfmrfj ivwc lfgU kr idwqf. kihx ƒ qF<br />
Bfrq ivwc bMDUaf mËdUrI `qy pfbMdI lwg cuwkI<br />
hY, pr swcfeI ieh hY ik awj vI ieh amfnvI<br />
pRQf jfrI hY. vwDdy AudXogIkrn ny ies ƒ<br />
AuqÈfihq kIqf hY.<br />
sMXukq rfÈtr sMG aqy mnuwKI<br />
aiDkfr vrgy sMgTnF ƒ gulfm pRQf dy iÉlfÌ<br />
afpxI muihMm ƒ hor qyË krnf hovygf. nfl hI<br />
gulfmF ƒ mukq krfAux leI vI srkfrF `qy<br />
dbfa bxfAuxf pvygf. ies gwl `c koeI rfey<br />
nhIN hY ik vwK-vwK dysF ivwc anYiqk DMdy<br />
pRÈfsink aiDkfrIaF dI imlIBugq nfl hI huMdy<br />
hn, ies leI pRÈfsink ivvsQf ƒ vI druwsq<br />
krnf hovygf, qF ik ÊulfmI dy bMDn tuwt skx.
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