The Exchange - National Committee on United States-China Relations
The Exchange - National Committee on United States-China Relations
The Exchange - National Committee on United States-China Relations
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<str<strong>on</strong>g>The</str<strong>on</strong>g> Caves of Sanmenxia<br />
Carmen De Yoe<br />
This past weekend I was invited to tour the caves of<br />
Sanmenxia. I taught a group of about 50 students and<br />
then spoke about my elementary school with a group<br />
of teachers. Both groups had enough English to make<br />
my presentati<strong>on</strong> more meaningful and three of my<br />
colleagues translated when needed.<br />
After lunch, we drove to the caves, which was about<br />
an hour’s trip. This gave me a chance to photograph<br />
some beautiful hollyhocks al<strong>on</strong>g the road: stalk up<strong>on</strong><br />
stalk of rosy reds and pinks with red centers and<br />
magentas in their glory.<br />
I envisi<strong>on</strong>ed the caves to be above ground as I have<br />
seen from the train window many times. But they are<br />
about twenty by twenty foot holes in the ground<br />
about twelve to fifteen feet deep. When you look into<br />
the hole you see four walls, each having two doors<br />
with three surrounding windows, and a center courtyard<br />
with a lower square level to catch rain water. You<br />
View into a cave courtyard<br />
must understand that the reddish brown soil in this part of <strong>China</strong> is almost as hard as rock, so there are no worries of it<br />
caving in. <str<strong>on</strong>g>The</str<strong>on</strong>g> color of the earth is so lovely, like in our Southwest . . . a nutty tan.<br />
Now, how to get down to the caves <str<strong>on</strong>g>The</str<strong>on</strong>g> stairway, about ten feet away from the hole, is simply a l<strong>on</strong>g narrow, oval opening<br />
in the earth with <strong>on</strong>e layer of bricks surrounding it. One walks down the gently sloping, smooth rock steps, turns a little<br />
round corner and there you are in that courtyard looking up at the sky. It is quite amazing. Even more amazing is that these<br />
caves are about 400 years old and some are being lived in today.<br />
We toured some of them and saw very interesting daily life. An old blind woman sat <strong>on</strong> her bed with her legs folded under<br />
her and let me take her photo. Dogs and<br />
chickens roamed the courtyard. Corn husks<br />
were being dried to hold food while being<br />
cooked. Cooking pots were <strong>on</strong> the stove,<br />
etc.<br />
<str<strong>on</strong>g>The</str<strong>on</strong>g> whole house is in <strong>on</strong>e room which is<br />
about thirty feet by fifteen feet. As you enter<br />
the cool c<strong>on</strong>trasting 65 degree temperature<br />
hits you! <str<strong>on</strong>g>The</str<strong>on</strong>g>re is ample light near the door<br />
and three windows, but the further you walk<br />
in, the less light there is. <str<strong>on</strong>g>The</str<strong>on</strong>g> ceiling is<br />
rounded. <str<strong>on</strong>g>The</str<strong>on</strong>g>y do have electricity. Cooking<br />
shows black smoke stains <strong>on</strong> the earthen<br />
wall and there were no chimneys. Usually<br />
there were two beds in each and dressers<br />
and other furniture. Each set of eight caves<br />
plus its courtyard was used by <strong>on</strong>e extended<br />
family.<br />
Luoyang teacher colleagues Zhao Lili, Guo Limiao, and Li<br />
Caixia in the doorway of a cave dwelling<br />
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