ISDN ANALYZER D1080 - messkom.de

ISDN ANALYZER
D1080
USER’S MANUAL

ISDN ANALYZER
D1080
USER’S MANUAL
The information contained in this document is the
property of Aethra Telecomunicazioni s.r.l., it is
subject to change without notice and it shall in no
way be binding for Aethra Telecomunicazioni s.r.l.
© Copyright Aethra Telecomunicazioni Srl 1999.
All rights reserved
Rev. 5 – January 1999 Code 074232001
This manual is composed of 217 pages

USER’S MANUAL REV. 5 ISDN ANALYZER D1080
Table of Contents
1.OVERVIEW ........................................................................ 15
2.FUNCTIONAL PURPOSE..................................................... 19
3.COMPOSITION OF THE INSTRUMENT ............................... 23
3.1. BUTTON FUNCTIONS ............................................................ 25
3.2. POWER SUPPLY.................................................................... 27
3.3. MEASUREMENT CONNECTIONS............................................ 27
3.3.1.External connections .................................................................... 28
3.3.1.1.Connection over primary access............................................................29
3.3.1.2.Connection over basic access ................................................................29
4.OPERATING PRINCIPLE..................................................... 31
4.1. USE AS MONITOR ................................................................. 31
4.2. USE AS TE SIMULATOR......................................................... 32
4.3. USE AS TE SIMULATOR ON THE U INTERFACE ...................... 33
4.4. USE AS TE TEST .................................................................... 34
5.OPERATION....................................................................... 37
6.SETTING THE INSTRUMENT.............................................. 41
7.CONFIGURING THE INSTRUMENT ..................................... 47
TABLE OF CONTENTS III

ISDN ANALYZER D1080 USER’S MANUAL REV. 5
7.1. USER PROFILE ...................................................................... 61
8.MONITORING THE PHYSICAL LEVEL ................................. 63
8.1. MONITOR OVER ISDN PRIMARY ACCESS.............................. 64
8.1.1.Information about synchronisms................................................. 64
8.1.2.Alarm signaling .............................................................................. 64
8.1.3.Error signaling .............................................................................. 65
8.1.4.Logical state of the D channel .................................................... 66
8.1.5.Level 2 and 3 activity on the D channel ..................................... 66
8.1.6.Acoustic monitor............................................................................ 66
8.2. MONITORING THE ”U” INTERFACE ....................................... 67
8.2.1.Checking the remote supply voltage from LT ............................ 68
8.2.2.Logical state of the D channel .................................................... 68
8.2.3.Loops requested by the exchange................................................ 69
8.2.4.Level 2 and 3 activity over the D channel.................................. 69
8.3. MONITOR OVER ISDN BASIC ACCESS ................................... 69
8.3.1.Checking the remote supply voltage from NT1.......................... 70
8.3.2.Checking the activation state of the physical level................. 71
8.3.3.Logical state of the D channel .................................................... 72
8.3.4.Level 2 and 3 activity over the D channel.................................. 72
9.“U” INTERFACE ................................................................. 73
9.1. U-TEST.................................................................................. 73
9.1.1.D1028 .............................................................................................. 74
9.1.2.Programmable load ....................................................................... 76
IV TABLE OF CONTENTS

USER’S MANUAL REV. 5 ISDN ANALYZER D1080
9.1.3.Minimum voltage............................................................................. 76
9.1.4.Line .............................................................................................. 77
9.1.5.Line resistance measurement........................................................ 78
10.TEST LEVEL 1 .................................................... 79
10.1.MEASUREMENT CONNECTIONS ........................................... 79
10.2.TEST EXECUTION ................................................................. 81
11.ANALYZING THE SIGNALING PROTOCOL......................... 87
11.1.FILTERS................................................................................ 91
11.1.1.Capture filters ............................................................................. 91
11.1.2.Display filters.............................................................................. 93
11.1.3.Call filter ..................................................................................... 95
11.2.ANALYZING THE EVENTS...................................................... 95
11.2.1.Display formats............................................................................ 96
11.2.1.1.Compressed format................................................................................97
11.2.1.2.Exploded format ..................................................................................100
11.2.1.3.Exploded hexadecimal format ............................................................102
11.2.1.4.Hexadecimal format.............................................................................102
11.3.STATISTICS ......................................................... 103
11.4.AUTOMONITOR ................................................... 106
11.4.1.TEST EXECUTION .......................................................................... 107
12.ISDN TERMINAL SIMULATOR........................................ 109
TABLE OF CONTENTS V

ISDN ANALYZER D1080 USER’S MANUAL REV. 5
12.1.TELEPHONE FUNCTION ...................................................... 111
12.1.1.Configuration mode ................................................................... 111
12.1.2.SENDING A CALL........................................................................... 113
12.1.2.1.Sending a call in OVERLAP mode ........................................................113
12.1.2.2.Sending a call in ENBLOCK mode........................................................115
12.1.3.loop function ............................................................................. 118
12.1.4.Receiving a call .......................................................................... 119
12.1.5.Telephone conversation ............................................................ 120
12.1.6.Information about the call ...................................................... 122
12.1.7.Supplementary Services ............................................................ 126
12.1.7.1.CALL FORWARDING (CF) ......................................................127
12.1.7.2.TERMINAL PORTABILITY (TP) .................................................................132
12.1.7.3.MALICIOUS CALL IDENTIFICATION (MCID) ..............................................135
12.1.7.4.CALL HOLD .........................................................................................135
12.2.TRANSMISSION QUALITY MEASUREMENTS ...................... 140
12.2.1.Test configurations................................................................... 145
12.2.1.1.64 kb – one B channel .........................................................................146
12.2.1.2.128 kb – two B channels.....................................................................148
12.2.1.3.192 kb - 3 B channels ..........................................................................152
12.2.1.4.256 kb - 4 B channels ..........................................................................152
11.2.2.Printing ....................................................................................... 153
12.3.TRAFFIC GENERATOR ......................................................... 155
13.OPERATION WITH DEDICATED LINE ................ 159
14.CHECK ACCESS ................................................ 163
15.X.25 TERMINAL SIMULATOR ........................................ 165
VI TABLE OF CONTENTS

USER’S MANUAL REV. 5 ISDN ANALYZER D1080
15.1.FACILITY............................................................................. 167
15.1.1.User ........................................................................................ 167
15.1.2.“CUG” ........................................................................................ 167
15.2.USER DATA......................................................................... 168
15.3.CONNECTION...................................................................... 169
16.ISDN TERMINAL TEST ................................................... 173
16.1.CONFIGURATION................................................................ 173
16.1.1.Connections ................................................................................ 174
16.1.2.D1029 ........................................................................................ 176
16.2.TYPES OF TESTS ................................................................ 177
16.2.1.Pseudorandom transmission .................................................... 178
16.2.2.Automatic answer ...................................................................... 178
16.2.3.Making and/or answering a call .............................................. 179
16.2.3.1.Incoming calls......................................................................................179
16.2.3.2.Outgoing calls .....................................................................................180
16.2.3.3.Connection .........................................................................................181
16.2.4.Generation of multiple calls ................................................... 181
17.PHONEBOOK................................................................. 183
18.STATUS OF B CHANNELS .............................................. 185
18.1.RESTART ............................................................................ 185
19.PRINTING...................................................................... 187
TABLE OF CONTENTS VII

ISDN ANALYZER D1080 USER’S MANUAL REV. 5
20.TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS ........................................ 191
20.1.MECHANICAL CHARACTERISTICS ....................................... 191
20.2.POWER SUPPLY WITH INTERNAL RECHARGEABLE BATTERIES191
20.3.POWER SUPPLY WITH EXTERNAL ADAPTER....................... 192
20.4.INTERFACE ......................................................................... 192
20.5.OPTIONS AVAILABLE.......................................................... 193
20.6.Use and storage conditions ........................................... 193
20.7.Reference regulations (CE mark and reliability tests) 194
APPENDIX A
A. DISPLAY MESSAGES…………………………………………………….197
APPENDIX B
B. POSSIBLE VALUES OF THE “CAUSE” FIELD ………………….201
APPENDIX C
C. PLUG TERMINATIONS……..……………………………………………215
VIII TABLE OF CONTENTS

USER’S MANUAL REV. 5 ISDN ANALYZER D1080
SAFETY RULES
The change from cold to hot environments can cause
the formation of condensate inside the device. To avoid
malfunctioning, wait at least 2 hours before
connecting the device to the supply mains.
Warning: for power supply connection use an easily
accessible outlet located near the device.
Never remove the mains plug for permanent
connection.
WARNING: RISK OF ELECTRIC SHOCK
The power supply used by this device involves lethal
voltage levels.
Do not access internal parts of the device (and/or of
the power supply unit).
If objects or liquids penetrate inside the device,
immediately disconnect the power supply cable. Before
using the device again, have it checked by specialized
staff.
Refer to qualified staff for service.
In case of intervention, always check that the power
supply has been completely and successfully
disconnected.
SAFETY RULES 9

ISDN ANALYZER D1080 USER’S MANUAL REV. 5
10
In case of fire, absolutely avoid using water to
extinguish it.
WARNINGS
CAUTION:
Many of the components used in this device are
sensitive to electrostatic charge.
In case of manipulation of the connection cables,
disconnect the power supply and avoid direct
contacts with the connector terminals.
When handling electronic components, to eliminate
any statical electricity touch a grounded surface. If
possible, wear a grounding arm band.
Failure to comply with these warnings could cause
permanent damage to device.
CLEANING
To clean the device use a soft cloth either dry or
soaked with little detergent. Never use any type of
solvents, such as alcohol or gasoline, to avoid
damaging the finish.
SAFETY RULES

USER’S MANUAL REV. 5 ISDN ANALYZER D1080
NEW FEATURES OF THE 3.0 FIRMWARE VERSION:
New 3.00 firmware release
This paragraph describes the new features of the 3.00 firmware
version for the AETHRA ISDN ANALYZER D1080.
The information is given as an amendment to the 2.05 firmware
version. Otherwise refer to the 1.88 version.
New features:
3.00 release implements the following new features:
Execution of the “Monitor” function ALSO during Simulation
and Test-TE for all interfaces.
Automatic test of the access showing the status of level 1,
level 2 (if P-P or P-MP), the profiles enabled for the tested
access and the B channels available (for outgoing calls). The
test can be carried out both in auto-call and with the remote
user.
Possibility of carrying out tests also on permanent circuits
(that is without using the signalling on the D channel) both
in BRA and in PRA. It is possible to send/receive the audio
on the selected B channel and execute the BER test on 1, 2 B
channels or the whole band (2B+D in BRA, 30B, 30B+D in
PRA). It is also possible to loop the various B channels.
Possibility of executing BER tests on the physical level both
for PRA and BRA-S accesses (the level 1 test only requests a
physical loop at the opposed end of the line).
11

ISDN ANALYZER D1080 USER’S MANUAL REV. 5
12
Implementation both in simulation and monitor/analysis of
protocols 1TR6 and Q.SIG for Basic access; 1TR6, Q.SIG,
DPNSS and DASS2 for Primary access.
Implementation of the Overlap Receiving status also in
“Sim.TE” for the test of the “DDI” service.
New field in the “Traffic Generation” test to select the cycle
duration starting from the ALERT or CONNECT received.
Possibiity of selecting Calling Line / Connect Line
Identification Restriction (CLIR/COLR suplementary service).
Management of taxation in AOC (ASN.1) mode choosing
FreeOfCharge, ReverseCharging, CreditCardCharg, unit or
currency.
Management of suplementary services (ASN.1) CUG, CFU, CFB,
CFNR, TP, MCID, CW, Hold, Retrieve, ECT, 3Party.
Enhanced decoding in exploded format of Lev.3 Q.931
messages and ASN.1 decoding of the FACILITY information
element in “Protocol Analysis”.
Automatic generation of the AOC message every 10 seconds
for calls generated by the tested terminal in Test-TE, “Phone”
test.
Possibility of disconnection with “Tones in Band” (Progress
Indicator) in Test-TE, “Phone” test.
Manual management of “Sa bits” in P.R.A.

USER’S MANUAL REV. 5 ISDN ANALYZER D1080
Compared to 1.88 version:
Possibility of saving and loading up to ten different hardware
configurations (i.e. BRA-Monitor, BRA-Sim.TE-PP, BRA-Sim.TE-
PMP, PRA-Monitor......) from the “CONFIGURATION” menu.
More default profiles (FAXG3, FAXG4, etc..) in “Sim.TE” and
“Test TE” mode.
Implementation of statistical data on the signalling traffic
over D channel in the “Protocol Analysis” function.
Implementation of new capture and display filters in the
“Protocol Analysis” function for more powerful trace analysis.
New filters on “TEI”, “SAPI”, level 3 messages from and to
TE, called, calling or connected number. The latter is only
available as display filter.
In MONITOR mode, possibility of listening to the audio of any
B channel through the internal loudspeaker or external
headphones in Primary access.
Modifications to the user interface
The 3.00 release includes some modifications to the user
interface for easier use of the instrument.
The main modifications are:
Access to tests. The MAIN MENU contains the functional
button (F4) used to select the desired test with the “Test
Selection” MENU.
The new “Test Selection” MENU can be directly displayed
from pages outside the tests with the START and/or STOP
buttons.
13

ISDN ANALYZER D1080 USER’S MANUAL REV. 5
14
The STOP and/or START buttons can be pressed in the “Test
changing the page) or START the tests “not in progress” and
automatically access the relevant pages.

USER’S MANUAL REV. 5 ISDN ANAL
1. OVERVIEW
This manual describes the operation and use of the Aethra D1080
measurement device. It contains useful information to help the
user to operate the instrument at its best.
The instrument is supplied with:
User manual
Measurement cable set
Adapter for 230 Vac mains power supply
INFORMATION ABOUT THE MANUAL
This manual is divided into three parts:
Part One is an introduction that describes:
the functional purpose of the instrument;
its composition;
its operating principle, with a block diagram and a brief
description of the connections used for measurements.
Part Two describes how to use the instrument.
Part Three describes its technical characteristics.
Appendix A and B explain the meaning of the messages shown in
the display.
Appendix C describes the plug terminations of the instrument.
CHAPTER 1. OVERVIEW 15

USER’S MANUAL REV. 5 ISDN ANALYZER D1080
PART ONE

USER’S MANUAL REV. 5 ISDN ANALYZER D1080
2. FUNCTIONAL PURPOSE
The Aethra D1080 measurement device is a first aid instrument
designed to give a quick and reliable diagnosis of the most
frequent errors and failures that can occur during the installation
and maintenance of user systems for ISDN Basic and Primary
Access.
! The firmware 2.00 and 3.00 add new functions to the
instrument, which are indicated by the
and symbol
The instrument can be used as:
passive monitor to analyze the physical level
monitor for alarm conditions over Primary Access
signaling protocol analyzer (LAPD and X.25) with::
− capture and decoding of events and messages of level 1,
2 and 3 of the ISDN LAPD protocol
− decoding of X.25 messages
− separate filters for capturing and viewing
− filters on SAPI, TEI and/or messages of level 3
− evolute statistics on call traffic, relevant B
channels, and answering time
CHAPTER 2. FUNCTIONAL PURPOSE 19

ISDN ANALYZER D1080 USER’S MANUAL REV. 5
20
Euro-ISDN BRA and PRA terminal simulator for
− Point-Point (FIXED TEI) and Point-Multipoint (AUTOMATIC
TEI) connections
− subaddress management
− ISDN connection tests (speech, 3.1 k, 64 kbps)
− simulation of ISDN basic telephone with telephone
conversation through built-in microphone and
loudspeaker or external handset socket
− transmission quality measurements
− traffic generation up to 30 B channels at the same time
over Primary Access
− loopbox functions with autocall
simulator of X.25 data terminal over D channel with:
− sending of default or customized data packages
− various default transmission rates
− calculation of reception and transmission throughput
− echo on data packages
− level 2 and 3 statistics
− possibility of autocall
Other characteristics of the D1080 are:
separate phonebooks for ISDN and X.25 numbers
CHAPTER 2. FUNCTIONAL PURPOSE

USER’S MANUAL REV. 5 ISDN ANALYZER D1080
possibility of saving and resetting several
configurations
various default call profiles
The other options available are used for:
tests over Basic Access, “U” interface, with external
attenuator D1028 with:
− management of 4B3T and 2B1Q line codes
− same functions as terminal simulator
− energy consumption tests
− measurement of user binding resistance
− measurement of line voltage
− measurement of interface activation/deactivation time
tests over ISDN terminals, by means of specific adapter
D1029 with:
− same functions as ISDN terminal simulator and X.25 data
terminal
− checking of dialing and services of tested terminal
− generation of remote power supply over Basic Access
All the functions of the instrument can be managed through the
V.28 serial interface of the device, once connected to a PC.
With the PC the user can also:
CHAPTER 2. FUNCTIONAL PURPOSE 21

ISDN ANALYZER D1080 USER’S MANUAL REV. 5
22
save measurement results in a file
update the management firmware
enable optional functions
The interface can also be connected to a serial printer for data
sending.
CHAPTER 2. FUNCTIONAL PURPOSE

USER’S MANUAL REV. 5 ISDN ANALYZER D1080
3. COMPOSITION OF THE INSTRUMENT
The D1080 is designed as a hand-held instrument easy to handle
and use. The interface ports are conveniently located on the side
panels for easy connection. The large display with backlighting
and the functional keypad allow for immediate simple operation.
Fig. 3-1
CHAPTER 3.COMPOSITION OF THE INSTRUMENT 23

ISDN ANALYZER D1080 USER’S MANUAL REV. 5
As shown in Fig. 3-1, the front panel of the instrument is
composed of:
24
LCD graphic display with backlighting
LED for passive monitoring of the physical level
numerical keypad
programmable functional buttons
dedicated buttons
microphone and loudspeaker for telephone simulation
functions
The upper part houses:
interface for “E1” Primary Access ending with an ISO8877
(RJ-45 polarized) plug
interface for the “S0” Basic Access ending with an ISO8877
(RJ-45) plug for TE TEST test
interface for the “S0” Basic Access ending with an ISO8877
(RJ-45 polarized) plug for MONITOR and TERMINAL
SIMULATION tests
interface for “U” Basic Access with 4B3T (150Ω) and 2B1Q
(135Ω) line code
The right side houses:
“V.11” interface for access to the B channel ending with an
ISO4903 plug
CHAPTER 3.COMPOSITION OF THE INSTRUMENT

USER’S MANUAL REV. 5 ISDN ANALYZER D1080
“V.28” auxiliary interface for printing and remote control
ending with an ISO4902 plug
“VF IFC” balanced analog interface for access to the B
channel ending with a 600Ω RJ-11 4-wire socket
plug for 9÷12 Vdc power supply by means of AC/DC external
adapter
on/off switch
The compartment located in the bottom part contains the internal
batteries for power supply.
In case of battery replacement, make sure that the instrument is
switched off and the measurement line disconnected. To access
the compartment, remove the two screws located in the back.
! When replacing the batteries, follow the
instructions about polarity given in the
compartment.
3.1. BUTTON FUNCTIONS
When a button is pressed, the instrument emits a brief acoustic
signal as a confirmation for the operator. The beep can be
deactivated in the SETTING UP menu of the instrument.
A beep with different tone and duration indicates an error
condition when pressing a NON ACTIVE button.
If a button is pressed for more than one second, the automatic
repetition function is activated.
The function of each button is explained below.
CHAPTER 3.COMPOSITION OF THE INSTRUMENT 25

ISDN ANALYZER D1080 USER’S MANUAL REV. 5
26
Buttons with variable function according to the
operating mode of the instrument
Exits the current state and returns to the higher level
of the menu
Sends the heading and the current display page to the
serial interface in a printable format
Moves through the fields of the displayed page
Sets the loudspeaker volume and the display contrast
Activates the setting of the loudspeaker volume, of
the display contrast and backlighting
Displays instructions about how to use the current
function
Enters the numerical value of the programmable
parameters
Dials the numbers in telephone mode
Manages the supplementary services
Starts tests or sends a call
Stops tests or ends a call
CHAPTER 3.COMPOSITION OF THE INSTRUMENT

USER’S MANUAL REV. 5 ISDN ANALYZER D1080
3.2. POWER SUPPLY
The instrument can be powered:
from the 230 Vac mains by means of the external adapter
supplied with the instrument
with internal batteries (either standard or rechargeable)
The instrument is supplied with ecological NiMH 1.2 Volt - 1200
mA/h batteries. The instrument contains a battery recharge circuit
at constant current that can be activated/deactivated by the
operator. Recharge time for the supplied batteries when
completely exhausted is about 14 hours.
To avoid dangerous conditions for the operator,
deactivate the recharge circuit in the SETTING UP
menu when using non rechargeable batteries
3.3. MEASUREMENT CONNECTIONS
The instrument is supplied with the following cables used for
measurements:
(506018683) - 1 x cable ending with ISO8877 (RJ-45) PLUG -
ISO8877 (RJ-45) PLUG for connection to the Euro-ISDN Access
(702000006) - 1 x impedance adapter ending with ISO8877
(120 ohm) - BNC (Tx 75Ω)/BNC (Rx 75Ω) for connection to
the Euro-ISDN Primary Access with 75Ω impedance
(702000007) - 1 x adapter RJ45 F/F/F
CHAPTER 3.COMPOSITION OF THE INSTRUMENT 27

ISDN ANALYZER D1080 USER’S MANUAL REV. 5
28
(506060067) - 1 x cable ending with 9Pin/M-9Pin/F plugs for
V.28 connection to a PC or a serial printer.
The following is supplied for connection to the “U” interface Basic
Access:
1 x D1028, 0-3dB signal attenuator
(506013000) - 1 x point/line DIN41616-point/line DIN41616
cable
(506018867) - 1 x point/line DIN41616-banana plug cable
(220060090) - 2 x banana plug – alligator clip adapters
The following is supplied for TE TEST function:
1 x D1029, adapter used to provide remote power supply to
the tested terminal over the “S0” interface
3.3.1.External connections
The top of the instrument houses three RJ45 connectors and two
DIN41616 connectors. Use one connector at the time according to
the type of access used and the test to be made.
Fig. 3-2
CHAPTER 3.COMPOSITION OF THE INSTRUMENT

USER’S MANUAL REV. 5 ISDN ANALYZER D1080
! For easier reference, this manual uses the following
abbreviations for the measurement plugs:
E1 for E1- 120W
S- TO NT for S0- MONITOR/TE SIMUL
S- TO TE for S0- TE TEST
For plug pins, see APPENDIX C.
3.3.1.1. Connection over primary access
The instrument interface complies with ITU-T I.431, ETSI300 011
Recom. with balanced 120Ω impedance. In case of connections to
unbalanced 75Ω lines, use the adapter supplied.
Use the plug marked as “E1” standard ISO8877 polarized for tests
as ISDN terminal simulator (TE SIMULATOR or TE X.25
SIMULATOR) or as monitor for protocol analysis on D channel.
When testing a user terminal (TE TEST or X.25 TE TEST), connect
to the tested terminal by means of crossed cable on the “E1”
plug.
3.3.1.2. Connection over basic access
The instrument interfaces for the Basic Access comply with Recom.
ITU-T I.430, ETSI300 012.
In order to carry out tests on the “S0” interface as ISDN terminal
simulator (TE SIMULATOR or X.25 TE SIMULATOR) or as monitor
for protocol analysis on the D channel, use the ISO8877 plug
CHAPTER 3.COMPOSITION OF THE INSTRUMENT 29

ISDN ANALYZER D1080 USER’S MANUAL REV. 5
marked as ‘S TO-NT’ with a bus connected to the NT1 line
termination.
To test a user terminal (TE TEST or X.25 TE TEST) connect the
tested terminal to the ISO8877 plug marked as ‘S TO-TE’.
When simulating an ISDN terminal (TE SIMULATOR or X.25 TE
SIMULATOR) on the “U” interface, use either the 4B3T or the
2B1Q point-line connection depending on the interface code of the
tested access, as shown in Fig. 3-4.
30
! The instrument only manages one interface at a time.
4B3T
U
Fig. 3-3
2B1Q
To avoid malfunctioning, do not use the “S TO-NT”, “S
TO-TE”, “U- 4B3T”, “U- 2B1Q” or “E1” at the same time.
CHAPTER 3.COMPOSITION OF THE INSTRUMENT

USER’S MANUAL REV. 5 ISDN ANALYZER D1080
4. OPERATING PRINCIPLE
4.1. USE AS MONITOR
Fig. 4-1 shows the functional block diagram of D1080 when used
as monitor and/or protocol analyzer over the D channel. The
signal monitoring can be carried out both on “S0” and “E1”. It is
also possible to extract the B data channel towards the V.11
interface at 64 kb/s
B.R.I.
P.R.I.
LINE
INTERFACE
* FOR PRIMARY ACCESS
D ch. (NT-TE)
MONITOR
B ch. (NT-TE)
MONITOR
OFF
B ch. (TE-NT)
MONITOR
D ch. (TE-NT)
MONITOR
Fig. 4-1
vf ifc
CHAPTER 4.OPERATING PRINCIPLE 31

ISDN ANALYZER D1080 USER’S MANUAL REV. 5
4.2. USE AS TE SIMULATOR
Fig. 4-2 shows the functional block diagram of D1080 when used
as terminal simulator (TE SIMUL.).
32
S
To NT
B.R.I.
E 1
P.R.I.
LINE
INTERFACE
D ch (NT-TE)
MONITOR
TE(rx)
SIMULATOR
D ch. (TE-NT)
MONITOR
TE(tx)
SIMULATOR
Fig. 4-2
RJ11 VF IFC
***
V.11
RJ11 VF IFC
*
**
***
*
*
**
MQT (Rx PRBS)
MQT (Tx PRBS)
V.11
CHAPTER 4.OPERATING PRINCIPLE

USER’S MANUAL REV. 5 ISDN ANALYZER D1080
4.3. USE AS TE SIMULATOR ON THE U
INTERFACE
Fig. 4-3 shows the functional block diagram of D1080 when
simulating a terminal directly on the “U” interface. In this case the
instrument replaces both the NT1 termination and the terminal.
Fig. 4-3
CHAPTER 4.OPERATING PRINCIPLE 33

ISDN ANALYZER D1080 USER’S MANUAL REV. 5
4.4. USE AS TE TEST
Fig. 4-4 shows the functional block diagram of D1080 when used
to test a user terminal (TE TEST). In this case the instrument
replaces the network functions, including those of the NT
termination.
34
Fig. 4-4
CHAPTER 4.OPERATING PRINCIPLE

USER’S MANUAL REV. 5 ISDN ANALYZER D1080
PART TWO
35

USER’S MANUAL REV. 5 ISDN ANALYZER D1080
5. OPERATION
The graphic interface of the instrument is made up of “tree”
menus and functional buttons with a different meaning according
to the level.
The main menu is used to select either the tests or the instrument
configuration.
When the instrument is turned on, an autotest is carried out in
order to ensure the correct initialization of the instrument.
! During this stage do not connect the line to the
measurement plugs.
At the end of the autotest procedure, the instrument displays the
main window with the currently installed firmware version and the
serial number of the instrument, as shown in Fig. 5-1:
CHAPTER 5. OPERATION 37

ISDN ANALYZER D1080 USER’S MANUAL REV. 5
38
Fig. 5-1
To move from the main menu to the desired levels, use
according to what indicated in the last line of the display.
To exit the current level, press .
Activates the CONFIGURATION function
Activates the SETTING UP function
Displays the page used to select the desired tests
For instance, to carry out tests as terminal simulator, once the
instrument is properly configured, select the functions as indicated
in Fig. 5-2
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USER’S MANUAL REV. 5 ISDN ANALYZER D1080
Fig. 5-2
To select the desired function, use and confirm with .
The measurement and configuration pages are made up of fields
which can be accessed with the . The selected field is
shown in white on a black background (reverse video).
The functional buttons are used to select the desired option in
each field.
If values are entered manually, a specific EDIT page ith a cursor
appear. The following functions are available:
“

USER’S MANUAL REV. 5 ISDN ANALYZER D1080
6. SETTING THE INSTRUMENT
This chapter describes how to set the instrument for operation.
Activate the SETTING UP function in the main menu page.
The fields displayed in this page depend on the current
configuration of the instrument. Fig. 6-1 shows the page for TE
SIMULATOR in Primary Access.
Fig. 6-1
The following settings are possible:
Language: used to select the language from:
− ITALIAN;
− SPANISH;
− ENGLISH;
− GERMAN.
Date / Time, used to enter the current date and the current
time
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42
Sabit, used to set the Sa bits value of the
transmitted frame in Primary Access.
GainRx, used to enable (YES) or disable (NO) a signal
amplifier for reception in Primary Access.
! An incorrect setting in this field can cause
malfunctioning.
ClockTx, used to set the transmission clock in Primary
Access:
− LOOPED, to transmit with the network clock
− INTERNAL, to transmit with an internally generated clock.
The second setting is recommended in TE TEST mode.
MonChan, selection of the B channel to be extracted on V.11
and/or for audio in monitor function
ReqChan, selection of the B channel required by the
instrument in the outgoing calls.
− ANY, the B channel is set by the network.
− B1/2 ÷ 31, the instrument expressly requests the set
channel to the network.
In QUALITY MEASUREMENT and CALLS GENERATION the B
channel requested for the outgoing calls in the same
measurement cycle increases starting from the set channel.
Ex: if the field is set with the B29 channel, when STARTING
the CALLS GENERATION test with 5 calls per cycle, the
instrument requests the B29, B30, B31, B1 and B2 channels
to the network.
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CdnPlan, used to specify the type of network (that is
the ISDN); the possibile options are ISDN or UNKNOWN.
The selected value (ISDN or UNKNOWN) is an i.e. contained
in the call SETUP. Most networks request the UNKNOWN
value (that is do not request to specifiy the ISDN), while
others request the ISDN value. The default value is
UNKNOWN.
It corresponds to the NumPlan field of the earlier firmware
versions.
CgnType, indicates the type of number called or
connected. The options available are:
− UNKNOWN;
− NATIONAL, for national numbers;
− INTERNATIONAL, for international numbers.
UsrUsrI, to enter INFO of USER TO USER type in the SETUP
and CONNECT messages.
The information element for loop tests towards PABX can be
entered. The Ascii field displays the ASCII character that
corresponds to the entered value. The “?” symbol is
displayed in case of non-printable characters.
CallsRx, to set the automatic answer to incoming calls and
loop the corresponding B channel.
The following settings are possible:
− ALL ACCEPTED, to accept all incoming calls and loop the
corresponding B channels, without checking
compatibility.
− ONLY COMPATIBLE, to select which incoming calls to
accept. The instrument rejects the calls which do not
have the profile characteristics set in the Profile field of
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44
the CONFIGURATION page. The field is also valid for X.25
calls for which the check on the NUA is activated.
− NONE ACCEPTED, to reject all incoming calls.
Incoming calls that are not expressly requested by the
state of the current test are rejected with cause “D17”.
! In the “CALL WAITING” state, the first incoming
call is intercepted by the selected current
measurement. Other incoming calls are either
looped or rejected according to the value of the
CallsRx field.
Audio, to select the audio operating mode. In the TE
SIMULATOR and TE TEST configuration, the following options
are available:
− PUSH TO TALK, the internal microphone is only enabled
upon request from the operator
− HANDS FREE, internal microphone and loudspeaker are
enabled
− EXTERNAL HANDSET, the operator uses a standard
telephone handset connected to the “VF IFC” plug for
audio connection
− EXTERNAL BY-PASS used for analog measurements with
external instruments by means of the “VF IFC” plug
In the monitor function, the acoustic monitor can
either be enabled for LOUDSPEAKER and EXTERNAL
HANDSET or disabled (OFF).
Serial, to set the parameters of the V.28 serial port:
− Rate, choosing from 600, 1200, 2400, 4800, 9600 and
19200 bit/sec
− No bit/character, fixed at 8
− Parity, fixed at no parity
− Stop bit, fixed at 1
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USER’S MANUAL REV. 5 ISDN ANALYZER D1080
þKeyboardBeep, to activate (YES) or deactivate (NO) the beep
sound when pressing a button. The acoustic signal cannot be
deactivated for errors.
Charge, to activate (YES) or deactivate (NO) the recharging
function of the internal batteries.
! To avoid damages, the battery recharging function
must be deactivated when non-rechargeable
batteries are used.
The current voltage value of the batteries is shown in the V. field
of the SETTING UP page.
If batteries are not present or not correctly positioned, three
hyphens appear on the display when the battery recharge circuit
is enabled. When the circuit is not enabled, only one hyphen is
shown. When the voltage is lower than 4,6 V, a flashing battery
appears on the display. Further voltage reductions are indicated
with an acoustic signal every two seconds.
The functions of commands and setup parameters are shown in
the following block diagram.
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USER’S MANUAL REV. 5 ISDN ANALYZER D1080
7. CONFIGURING THE INSTRUMENT
This chapter describes the configuration procedure of the
instrument according to the measurements to be made.
Press in the main menu to activate the configuration page.
The page contains general and specific configuration fields
according to the operating mode.
The general fields are:
Access: to select the type of interface used for the tests. The
options available are:
− BASIC (S), BRI (2 B channels at 64 Kbit/s + 1 D channel
at a 16 Kbit/s)
− BASIC (U), BRI (U interface). In this case the test are
directly carried out on the U interface.
− PRIMARY (E1), PRI (30 B channels at 64 Kbit/s + 1 d
channel at 64 Kbit/s). To select the type of interface used
for the test over the basic access, select first the BASIC
option ( ) and then S/U ( ).
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48
Fig. 7-1 Selecting the type of Access
Imp S0: this field is active only when BASIC (S) is selected in
the Access field. It represents the closing impedance of the S
BUS.
Malfunctions over the access may occur if the S BUS is not
properly terminated. The options available are:
− 100 Ω, to insert the closing termination on the bus ( )
− HIGH, to remain in high impedance ( )
Fig. 7-2
Configuration in high impedance or 100 Ω
Code: this field is active only when BASIC (U) is selected
immediately after the Access field. It allows for selecting the
line code to be used. The options available are:
− 2B1Q ( )
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USER’S MANUAL REV. 5 ISDN ANALYZER D1080
− 4B3T ( )
Fig. 7-3
Selecting the line code
CRC4: this field is active only when PRIMARY (E1) is selected
immediately after the Access field. It allows for
including/excluding the CRC4 verification system both in
reception and transmission. The options available are:
− YES, to enable the CRC4 system
− NO, to disable the CRC4 system (in this case the CRC
synchronism LEDs have no meaning).
Fig. 7-4
Enabling the CRC4
Mode: to select the operating mode of the instrument. The
options available are:
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50
! When the U interface is selected as type of access,
− MON, (MONITOR) for protocol analysis over the D
channel ( );
− L1, (TEST LEVEL 1) for tests over the physical level
( ) without the public exchange;
− TEST-TE, for tests over ISDN terminal ( );
− SIM, (TE SIMULATOR) for tests as ISDN terminal ( );
Fig. 7-5
Operating mode
only the TE SIMULATOR mode is possible.
To use the instrument as MONITOR or as TEST LEVEL 1 the
operator must only set the fields indicated above (i.e. Access, Imp
S0 (if BASIC (S) or CRC4 (if PRIMARY (E1) is selected) and Mode.
To use the instrument as TE SIMULATOR or TEST TE the
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instrument enables some additional fields that must be configured
according to the operating mode.
These fields are:
Fig. 7-6
Protocol field page
Protoc.: to select the type of level 3 signaling
protocol to be used.
Select the PROTOC. field and Press (CHANGE function)
to display the page with the implemented communication
protocols:
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52
Fig. 7-7
Selecting the communication protocol over the D channel
The options available are:
EuroDSS1 (Digital Subscriber Signaling System N.1): it is the
protocol used in Europe. Press F1 (ESP function) to select the
EuroDSS1 variants for SPAIN
1TR6: it is the protocol used in Germany ( )
Q.SIG: it is a protocol used in the signaling between PABXs
( )
X.25: it is the protocol used for X.25 connections over the D
channel ( )
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DASS2 and DPNSS: these protocols refer to the primary
access
DEDICATED LINE: used to make a direct connection, both for
the BASIC and the PRIMARY access, with no protocol.
Use the OK function ( ) to select the desired protocol.
TEI: both for the BASIC (S) and BASIC (U) access, to select
the managing mode of the tested TEI. The options available
are:
− P-MP, to select the AUTOMATIC TEI (typical of POINT-
MULTIPOING connections). The TEI is dynamically
assigned by the network and can have values from 64
and 126.
− P-P, to select the FIXED TEI or 0 (typical of POINT-POINT
connections).
Press CHANGE to set a TEI value other than 0. The
possible values range from 0 and 63. For X.25 connections
over the D channel, the default TEI value is 10.
Fig. 7-8
Selecting the connection type (P-P or P-MP)
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ISDN ANALYZER D1080 USER’S MANUAL REV. 5
For the PRIMARY (E1) access the TEI is always fixed since the
primary accesses are always of POINT-POINT type. The default
value is FIXED 0. Use the CHANGE option to select a fixed TEI
other than 0.
54
Profile: pto select the type of profile to be used for the
tests. The options available are:
− SPEECH: used to send voice information with a
connection in which although at 64Kbit/s at the user’s
interface, the signal can be properly manipulated within
the network (compression, coding, etc.). Press SPEECH
several times to select the audio coding between the A
and μ law (North America).
− 3.1K: used to send information for the 3.1KHz audio
band in transparent mode, that is without altering the
signal with the voice coding and compression techniques
that are typical of the SPEECH service (i.e. data
transmission with modem in voice band).
− FAXG3: used for FAX G.3 audio connections. It is a
teleservice that can be associated with the 3.1KHz carrier
service.
− 64Kb: for generic data connections at 64 Kbit/s. This
service supports the UDI (Unrestricted Digital
Information) transfer used for applications that need an
entirely numerical transfer from user to user at 64 Kbit/s.
The signal cannot be altered (i.e. compressed) during the
whole path. The word “Unrestricted” indicates that the
information is transferred with no alteration, that is the
service is transparent.
− 64K- OSI: for data connections with OSI protocols.
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− FAXG.4: for FAX G.4 data connections. This service is
always associated with numeric connections at 64Kbit/s.
− T.TEX: T.TEX for TELETEXT data connections.
− V.TEX: V.TEX for VIDEOTEXT data connections. This service is
supplied together with the 3.1 KHz carrier service,
allowing for connection of VIDEOTEL terminals with
integrated modem.
− USER: to set a personalized profile (see paragraph 7.1).
Fig. 7-9
Selecting the call profiles
Number: to select MONONUMBER (MONO) or MULTINUMBER
(MULTI) access. In case of MULTINUMBER configuration the
operator must set the number of the access associated with
the terminal. The instruments checks the compatibility of
incoming calls by comparing the value of the called number
contained in the received SETUP and the set number. The
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56
number is made up of the area code (without the first zero)
followed by the user number. The instrument accepts
numbers with max. 20 digits.
CLIR/COLR: to enable/disable the CLIR (Calling Line
Identification Restriction – to avoid sending the identification
of the calling user to the called user) and COLR (Connect Line
Identification Restriction – to avoid sendint the identification
of the called user) supplementary services. The options
available are:
− YES: to enable the services on call base
− DEFAULT to confirm the current status of the services in
the access
− NO: to disable the services on call base.
Fig. 7-10
CLIR/COLR supplementary services
Subaddr: to set the subaddress number.
If set, the instrument checks the compatibility of incoming
calls by comparing the the subaddress contained in the
received SETUP and the subaddress set. The options
available are:
− CHANGE, sets the subaddress number ( )
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USER’S MANUAL REV. 5 ISDN ANALYZER D1080
− NON DEF, sets no subadddress number ( ).
Fig. 7-11
Subaddress supplementary service
Following are some examples of the instrument configuration.
In case a) Fig. 7-12 the instrument is configured as ISDN BASIC
TERMINAL for tests over the S BUS with 100 Ω termination
impedance.
In case b) Fig. 7-13 the instrument is configured as ISDN BASIC
TERMINAL for tests over the U interface with 2B1Q line code.
In case c) Fig. 7-14 the instrument is configured to carry out tests
over a PRIMARY user terminal (TE-TEST). In this mode the
instrument replaces the network functions, including the NT1
functions.
In case d) Fig. 7-15 the instrument is configured as MONITOR for
BASIC (S) access in order to capture the level 1, 2 and 3
messages (signaling) that transit on the D channel.
In case e) Fig. 7-16 the instrument is configured as TEST LEVEL 1
to carry out physical level tests over the S BUS.
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ISDN ANALYZER D1080 USER’S MANUAL REV. 5
Finally, in case f) Fig. 7-17 the instrument is configured as
MONITOR for PRIMARY (E1) access.
58
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Fig. 7-12
Terminal simulation over SO BUS
Fig. 7-14
Terminal simulation over primary
access
Fig. 7-13
Terminal simulation over BRA U
interface
Fig. 7-15
High impedance monitor over SO
BUS
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60
Fig. 7-16
Level 1 test over SO BUS
Fig. 7-17
High impedance monitor over
primary access
USE AS X.25 TE SIMULATOR AND X.25 TE TEST
When these operating modes are set, the fields with the size of
the level 3 window, the local number (CALLING DTE ADDRESS),
the LCI (LOGICAL CALL IDENTIFIER) and the TEI values used for
the calls become active.
WinLev3, number of level 3 packets which can be
transmitted without waiting for a reply (“3” by default).
Number, NUA assigned to the X.25 access. It is indicated in
the CALL REQUEST messages for outgoing calls.
The instrument carries out a compatibility check on the
incoming calls, unless the ABSENT value is selected.
! The instrument allows for making an autocall in
X.25 (see Chapter 6, CallsRx field).
LCI, LOGICAL CALL IDENTIFIER, which must be set at one of
the values of the LCI range used by the access.
The instrument uses this value for outgoing calls, while
accepting any LCI value for incoming calls.
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! The instrument only manages one incoming LCI at a
time.
The functions of commands and configuration parameters in X.25
mode are shown in the following block diagrams.
7.1. USER PROFILE
The operator can enter a personalized profile to simulate different
types of terminal. BC (BEARER CAPABILITY) and HLC (HIGH LAYER
CAPABILITY) values expressed in hexadecimal octets can be
entered separately.
! The instrument does not check if the entered octets
are correct. The values must be carefully entered by
expert technicians in order to guarantee the correct
operation of the tested interface.
The instrument is provided with a capture and restore function of
the values received in the incoming SETUP. The operator can
simulate any user terminal at ISDN level by carrying out the
following operations:
connect the instrument to the access
call the instrument from the terminal to be simulated
select the USER mode in the Profile field of the
CONFIGURATION page of the instrument
press ‘LastRx’ in the page used to enter the BC
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62
press ‘LastRx’ in the page used to enter the HLC
At ISDN level 3, the instrument is now set in the same operating
mode as the terminal. The operating functions of the terminal,
such as V.110 coding system or videocommunication systems, are
not simulated.
The BC and HLC values can be entered separately according to the
above-mentioned procedures, in order to modify the desired
octets.
The setting of BC and HLC values is also useful to make SPEECH
and/or 3.1kHz connections to a remote user and send B channel
data, not using the internal loudspeaker, but with the V.11
interface for management and analysis by means of external
instrument. In this case the same values as the audio connections
must be entered.
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8. MONITORING THE PHYSICAL LEVEL
Regardless from the selected operating mode, the instrument
monitors and displays information about the physical level of the
tested line.
The groups of LED’s located in the front part of the instrument
supply information about the state of the physical level of the
connection, according to the type of access (either Basic or
Primary).
The LED’s located in the left column, marked as “TO TE", supply
information about the Network → Terminal flow, while the LED’s
located in the right column, marked as "TO NT", supply
information about the Terminal → Network flow.
When the TE TEST mode is set, the instrument does not act as a
user terminal, but as “NT”. In this case the meaning of the
columns is reversed: the LED’s marked as “TO TE” refer to the
Instrument → Terminal flow, while the LED’s marked as “TO NT”
refer to the Terminal → Instrument flow.
The instrument can be set to act as monitor in high impedance
between network and user terminal, both in Basic and Primary
Access.
To do this, select the MONITOR mode in the CONFIGURATION
page (see Chapter 7).
In this way the SIGNALLING PROTOCOL ANALYZER function can be
accessed as well (see Chapter 10).
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ISDN ANALYZER D1080 USER’S MANUAL REV. 5
8.1. MONITOR OVER ISDN PRIMARY ACCESS
If connected over a Primary Access, the following information are
displayed:
64
frame and CRC4 synchronisms
LOS, AIS, LFA and RAI alarms
code, local CRC and remote CRC errors
logical state of D channel
presence of level 2 and 3 activity over D channel
8.1.1. Information about synchronisms
The instrument gives specific information about the frame
synchronisms and about the CRC4 (Code of Cyclic Redundancy)
“word”, if the check is enabled. This information is given by the
“PRA SYN” LED’s as indicated below.
PRA SYN
� FRAME�
When on, the “FRAME” LED’s indicate that the
frame synchronism has been reached.
� CRC � When on, the “CRC” LED’s indicate that the
CRC4 synchronism has been reached.
8.1.2. Alarm signaling
The instrument checks the presence of alarm conditions due to
different types of faults in the connection.
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This information is given by the “ALARM” LED’s as indicated
below.
ALARM
� LOS �
(Loss Of Signal) - indicate the absence of impulses
in reception, that is the absence of signal in line
due to interruption, short circuit, unsuccessful
transmission from the terminal, etc.
� LFA � (Loss Frame Alignment) – indicate that the
instrument has not found the frame synchronism
yet. The FRAME LED is off.
� AIS � (Alarm Indicator Signal) – indicate that the Network
(or any suitable terminal) has sent an alarm signal
due to various types of faults in the connection.
� RAI � (Remote Alarm Indicator) – indicate that one of the
two terminals is in alarm condition:
8.1.3. Error signaling
− when on, the “TO TE” LED indicates that
the remote terminal is in alarm condition
− when on, the “TO NT” LED indicates that
the local terminal is in alarm condition.
The instrument checks the presence of error conditions in the
connection.
The errors are indicated by the ERROR LED’s, as indicated below.
ERROR
� CODE �
Indicates the presence of errors in the
transmission code
� LOC CRC � Indicates that the instrument is detecting the
data verification code coming from the other
terminal in a different mode from the one
transmitted.
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� REM CRC � Indicates that the remote terminal has received
the verification code coming from the local
terminal in a different mode from the one
transmitted.
8.1.4. Logical state of the D channel
The “D CHAN” LED’s indicate the presence of data exchange at
logical level 1 and 0 over the D channel.
66
D CHAN
� � When on, the two green LED’s indicate the
presence of logical level 1.
� � When on, the two red LED’s indicate the
presence of logical level 0.
The “D CHAN” LED’s are only active if the frame is correctly
synchronized, with the “SYNC FRAME” LED’s are on.
8.1.5. Level 2 and 3 activity on the D channel
During the tests, the instrument displays information about level 2
and 3 activities over the D channel.
The “D CHAN” LED’s flash to indicate the passage of data packets
over the D channel.
8.1.6. Acoustic monitor
When the instrument is set in MONITOR mode, an
acoustic monitor can be activated in order to make an
audio scanning of the B channels. Each B channel can
be individually selected in the SETTING UP page (see
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USER’S MANUAL REV. 5 ISDN ANALYZER D1080
Chapter 6). The instrument sends both the upstream
(towards the network) and the downstream (towards
the user) flow of the selected channel to the audio
destination.
8.2. MONITORING THE ”U” INTERFACE
The instrument can connect to the telephone pair coming from the
local network of the “U” interface of a Basic Access either directly
or by means of the D1028 attenuator, as shown in Fig. 8-2.
4B3T
U
ISDN
TE
✆
D1080
2B1Q
S
NT1
Fig. 8-1
For connections see paragraph 3.3.1.2.
! The instrument monitors the conditions of the
NETWORK
measured line as terminal simulator. It cannot be
used as monitor between the network LT interface
and an NT user plug, which must be disconnected
from the access during the execution of the tests.
CHAPTER 8. MONITORING THE PHYSICAL LEVEL 67
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ISDN ANALYZER D1080 USER’S MANUAL REV. 5
The instrument gives the following information:
68
value of the remote supply voltage from LT
logical state of the D channel
loop request for test from the local network
presence of level 2 and 3 activity over the D channel
In case of tests over the “U” interface, the instrument does not
display the activation state of the INFO1, 2, 3 and 4 physical level,
since they refer to the “S0” interface.
8.2.1. Checking the remote supply voltage from
LT
The instrument uses the same conventions as the S-BUS to
measure the remote supply over the “U” interface (see paragraph
8.3.1). The remote supply is considered lower than the minimum
value if it is lower than the value set in the Vmin field of the
U-TEST page.
8.2.2. Logical state of the D channel
The “D CHAN” LED’s indicate the presence of data exchange at
logical level 1 and 0 over the D channel.
D CHAN
� � When on, the two green LED’s indicate the
presence of logical level 1.
� � When on, the two red LED’s indicate the
presence of logical level 0.
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The “D CHAN” LED’s are active when connection is in progress.
The “Idle” state of the D channel (no data packet in transit) is
indicated when only the green LED’s are on.
8.2.3. Loops requested by the exchange
When the four “D CHAN” LED’s are on at the same time, the local
network requests the activation of Loop 2 type to the terminal to
test the access. The return to normal conditions is immediately
indicated the LED’s.
8.2.4. Level 2 and 3 activity over the D channel
During the tests, the instrument displays information about level 2
and 3 activities over the D channel.
The “D CHAN” LED’s flash to indicate the passage of data packets
over the D channel.
8.3. MONITOR OVER ISDN BASIC ACCESS
When set to operate over the S0 Basic interface, the instrument
gives information about:
value of the remote supply voltage from NT1 (Power source 1)
activation state of the physical level (INFO1, 2, 3 and 4)
logical state of the D channel
presence of level 2 and 3 activity over the D channel
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8.3.1. Checking the remote supply voltage from
NT1
In TE SIMULATOR or MONITOR mode, the instrument checks the
supply voltage level from NT1 and acknowledges reverse polarity
in emergency condition.
If supply voltage is detected over the S-BUS, the main display
page shows the corresponding value expressed in volts with the
polarity sign. The reverse characters indicate the emergency
condition of the NT1 termination.
The instrument classifies the information about the remote supply
voltage as low, good or high with the following symbols which
appear in the top right corner of the display:
70
“A”, if S-BUS power supply is absent
, when the S-BUS voltage is lower than the minimum
value provided for by the specifications (24 V in standard
condition and 34 V in emergency power condition)
, when the S-BUS power supply is compliant with the
specification values
, when the S-BUS voltage is higher than the maximum
value provided for by the specifications (42 V)
The symbols are shown in inverse video in case of emergency
condition.
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In TE TEST mode, no information about the remote supply is given
since the instrument gives this value by means of the D1029
external adapter (see Chapter 13).
8.3.2. Checking the activation state of the
physical level
The “BRA INFO” LED’s indicate the activation state of the physical
level (INFO1, INFO2, INFO3 and INFO4).
BRA INFO
� 2 � 1 When on, LED 1 indicates that the signal
has been sent from the Terminal to the
Network for a call request (INFO1).
When on, LED 2 indicates that the signal
has been sent from the Network to the
Terminal to confirm the call request
(INFO2) or indicate the request for
connection from the Network to the
Terminal.
� 4 � 3 When on, LED 3 indicates the signal
synchronization from the Terminal to the
Network to accept the connection (INFO3).
When on, LED 4 (INFO4) indicates the
signal synchronization from the Network to
the Terminal and the activation of the
physical level (level 1).
If LED INFO3 and the D channel LED’s start flashing with LED
INFO4 off, the S-BUS termination may be incorrect (see Chapter
7).
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In TE TEST mode, the instrument acts as “NT” and generates
INFO 2-4 towards the tested terminal.
8.3.3. Logical state of the D channel
The “D CHAN” LED’s indicate the presence of data exchange at
logical level 1 and 0 over the D channel.
72
D CHAN
� � When on, the two green LED’s indicate the
presence of logical level 1.
� � When on, the two red LED’s indicate the
presence of logical level 0.
All “D CHAN” LED’s are active when connection is in progress
(LED’s “INFO 3-4” on).
The “Idle” state of the D channel (no data packet in transit) is
indicated when only the green LED’s are on.
8.3.4. Level 2 and 3 activity over the D channel
During the tests, the instrument displays information about level 2
and 3 activities over the D channel.
The “D CHAN” LED’s flash to indicate the passage of data packets
over the D channel.
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9. “U” INTERFACE
The instrument can connect directly to the telephone pair of the
“U” interface over a Basic Access, replacing the ‘NT’ network
termination, and manage the 4B3T and 2B1Q line codes which
are currently used for this interface.
By means of the DIN41616 cable supplied with the IU1028 option,
the operator can isolate the line from the user plug and directly
connect the telephone pair to the instrument.
! Do not connect any terminal to the “So” and “E1”
plugs of the instrument.
Once connected to the network, the instrument can carry out
QUALITY MEASUREMENT, CALLS GENERATION and TELEPHONE
tests, as described in Chapter 11.
Before starting the tests, the physical parameters of the tested
line and the on-line behavior of the instrument must be
configured and checked.
9.1. U-TEST
In order to check the physical parameters of the line, such as
voltage and binding resistance, and to set the energy
consumption of the instrument from the “U” interface, the
operator must access the U-TEST page.
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The instrument can manage the POWERSUPPLY (PS) bits to
simulate the NT in standard/emergency remote power supply
conditions towards the public network.
The PS bits towards the network can only be used with the 2B1Q
code, and not with the 4B3T code.
The activation/deactivation time of the interface is also indicated
(see paragraph 9.1.3).
The deactivation time of the line cannot be measured in 4B3T
since this event can only come from the network, without notice.
9.1.1. D1028
For a functional check of the line coming from the network of the
Basic access (U interface), the operator can carry out some
measurements with the D1080, such as the resistance (see
paragraph 9.1.5) and the voltage measurement (see 9.1.3). It is
also possible to check the presence of marginal conditions of
signal attenuation by means of the external adapter D1028
supplied with the “U Interface” option.
The D1028 is connected in series between the U interface plug of
the D1080 and the two wires coming from the line.
74
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Fig. 9-1
Once connected, select the type of impedance to be used with the
switch located next to the adapter marked as 135Ω - 150Ω.
Select 135Ω for the 2B1Q line code and 150Ω. for the 4B3T
interface.
D1028
Ω
135 150
impedance
selection
Fig. 9-2
dB
-3 0
Attenuation
selection
The attenuation value of 3dB can be inserted on the signal
without interfering with the remote power supply from the
network.
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For a functional characterization of the line, a series of tests
(transmission quality measurement, traffic generation) must be
carried out, first without and then with signal attenuation (0dB
and –3dB setting, respectively).
In case of negative results with signal attenuation, the conditions
of the line are barely acceptable, with possible malfunctioning of
the access once the NT socket has been installed.
9.1.2. Programmable load
The instrument is equipped with a programmable load that can be
set with energy consumption ranging from a minimum value of
30mW to a maximum of 2500mW. The standard consumption of a
NT plug is normally about 1100mW, which is the default value of
the instrument. To simulate the load of a NT-Plus plug, a wattage
of about 1400mW can be set. The programmable load can be
disabled by setting the NONE value. This makes it possible to
measure the maximum voltage of the line, which depends on the
type of exchange connected to the tested access.
The instrument is locally supplied either by the internal batteries
or the external AC/DC adapter and therefore does not manage the
lack of local supply at 230Vac.
9.1.3. Minimum voltage
This field is used to set the minimum voltage value under which
the instrument resets its line interface and starts again with a
‘cold’ activation.
76
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There are two different types of activation for the physical level.
The ‘cold’ activation occurs after switching on the instrument,
after setting the ‘U’ interface in the CONFIGURATION or when the
line voltage drops under the minimum value. The ‘warm’
activation occurs in all the other situations. The difference
between the two types is represented by the activation time,
which is longer for the ‘cold’ activation. In case of line voltage
lower than the minimum value, the energy consumption circuit is
automatically disabled.
These modes are implemented to simulate the standard operation
of a NT.
The activation/deactivation time of the interface is automatically
calculated for each activation (i.e. when the D1080 is connected
with the line for the first time and a call is made) and deactivation
of the line. The value is shown in the bottom of the display in
milliseconds.
The deactivation time of the line cannot be measured over the
Basic access with 4B3T code, since this type of code does not
allow the measurement.
9.1.4. Line
Three fields are available which indicate the line voltage, the
energy consumption of the instrument according to the set load
and the binding resistance.
The line energy consumption is with ‘constant power’ and
therefore the current may vary according to the voltage.
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9.1.5. Line resistance measurement
To measure the resistance of the tested line, select the R field and
press (MEASUREMENT). The instrument absorbs two fixed
currents ranging from 5 to 20mA and displays the resistance
value. This value is reset either by starting another measurement
or when the conditions for a ‘cold’ activation are present (see
Paragraph 9.1.2).
The R field displays one hyphen during the measurement. If the
measurement cannot be executed, a question mark appears. This
can be due either to high line resistance values or to energy
consumption problems from the network (exchanges are equipped
with current limiting devices connected in series to each binding).
Three hyphens are displayed for resistance values higher than
1000Ω.
78
! The maximum line resistance is approx. 1000Ω for NT
plugs and 700Ω for NT1-Plus plugs with exchange
voltage of 66V. This is true for exchanges with noload
line voltage of about 66V.
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10. TEST LEVEL 1
This operating mode allows for testing both the S bus and the E1
quality.
The test consists in transmitting and measuring a pseudorandom
sequence at one end of the S bus or the E1 cable with the other
end in short-circuit.
The test can be carried out in continuous mode or with
programmable duration from 1 to 65535 minutes.
During the test the instrument displays information about the test
data.
10.1. MEASUREMENT CONNECTIONS
As regards the S bus, one end is short-circuited with a plug and
the other end is connected with one of the two S interfaces of the
instrument (either TO TE or TO NT), as shown in the following
figures.
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80
Plug for the short-circuit
Fig. 10-1 Configuration for Test Level 1 over So Bus
As regards the E1 cable, disconnect the central side end from the
termination card and short-circuit it (with a plug) and connect the
other end to the E1 interface of the instrument, as shown in the
following figures.
CAPITOLO 10. TEST LIVELLO 1

USER’S MANUAL REV. 5 ISDN ANALYZER D1080
User
Cable
Central
Plug for the short-circuit
Fig. 10-2 Configuration for Test Level 1 over Primary Access
10.2. TEST EXECUTION
The instrument must be configured before carrying out the
measurement.
Select the CONFIGURATION menu to set the parameters as shown
in the following fiture for the S bus and the E1 cable, respectively:
Fig. 10-3
Configuration for Basic Access
(S0)
Fig. 10-4
Configuration for Primary Access
(E1)
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ISDN ANALYZER D1080 USER’S MANUAL REV. 5
Press to exit the CONFIGURATION menu and access the
following page:
82
Fig. 10-5 TEST SELECTION page
Press (OK) to access the test page:
CAPITOLO 10. TEST LIVELLO 1

USER’S MANUAL REV. 5 ISDN ANALYZER D1080
Fig. 10-6 TEST LEVEL 1 page
The following fields can be programmed in this page:
Duration, the test duration, that can be CONTINUOUS or
programmable from 1 to 65535 minutes.
Print: the possibility of printing the result page as described
in paragraph 11.2.2.
Press to start the test. The instrument transmits and receives
the pseudorandom sequence and measures the errored bits.
During the test the instrument displays the test data in the
following window:
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84
Fig. 10-7 BER test over physical level
When the test is in progress the operator can:
insert single errors manually with the TxEr function ( )
insert an error rate equal to 10-4, 10-5 , 10-6, 10-7 manually
with the TxBER function ( )
reset the counter with the RESET function ( ).
CAPITOLO 10. TEST LIVELLO 1

USER’S MANUAL REV. 5 ISDN ANALYZER D1080
At the end of the test the instrument displays the following
window with the final test results:
Fig. 10-8 Results of the BER over physical level test
The operator can save the results with the SAVE function ( )
and load them with the SAVED function.
To change page and return to the initial page use the PAG
function ( ).
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11. ANALYZING THE SIGNALING
PROTOCOL
Apart from monitoring the physical level, as seen in Chapter 8,
and showing the logical state and level 2 and 3 activities over the
D channel by means of LED’s, it is also possible to analyze the
messages over the signaling channel.
The instrument can be used to analyze the user-network signaling
messages according to ETS 300 125 (level 2) and ETS 300 102-1
(level 3) specifications both over Basic and Primary Access.
The DASS-2 and DPNSS protocols can be decoded using the
“PC108 for Windows” PC software.
In the version the capture and analysis of the messages
over the D channel can be STARTED also if the instrument is not
configured in MONITOR mode. This means that the signalling can
still be monitored while carrying out the simulations tests (BER,
TELEPHONE…). This function is enabled if the AUTO1080 option is
present.
! This function is not enabled if the instrument is
configured in Basic Access “U” interface and Monitor
mode.
The and in the MONITOR test do not depend on the
status of the other tests available in the instrument.
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Over a Primary Access connect the four wires coming from the line
directly to the polarized RJ45 plug marked as “E1” in parallel to
the connection with the user terminal.
88
ISDN
TE
(PABX)
E1
Fig. 11-1
D1080
NETWORK
In case of connection at 75Ω, use the adapter supplied with the
instrument.
Over a Basic Access, connect the S-BUS to the ‘S TO-NT’ plug of
the instrument. If the bus is connected to the ‘S TO-TE’ plug, the
monitor only displays one transmission side with incorrect
references.
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ISDN
TE
✆
TO NT
S-BUS
D1080
NT1
Fig. 11-2
NETWORK
The instrument is equipped with a internal memory that allows for
saving a considerable number of events both at level 1 and level
2-3. Individual filters for event capturing and displaying are also
available, as shown in Fig. 11-3.
Line
Capture
filters
Event
memory
1 – analysis of acquired data
2 – display of data in acquisition
CHAPTER 11. ANALYZING THE SIGNALING PROTOCOL 89
1
2
Fig. 11-3
U
Display
filters
D1080
LCD
DISPLAY
The recording mode and the filters can be programmed by the
user.

ISDN ANALYZER D1080 USER’S MANUAL REV. 5
90
! The messages saved during the last test remain
available even after switching the instrument off.
This makes it possible to analyze, print and
download data on a PC by means of the PC108
software.
During the data acquisition, the operator can display the
messages coming from the line or analyze the acquired data
contained in the internal memory. This is possible because the
instrument can record the events even during the analysis.
Events can be recorded in two ways:
FILL AND STOP mode: all events are recorded, starting from
the first one, until the memory is full. Only the first events
contained in the memory will be displayed in chronological
order.
CIRCULAR mode: when the memory is full, the first event is
over written by the last event and so on. Only the last events
contained in the memory will be displayed in chronological
order.
The starting time of the test and the filling percentage of the
capture buffer are also given.
To make the analysis of the acquired data easier, the
equipment provides a series of pages with statistical
functions on the traffic.
To start the test press .
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11.1. FILTERS
It is possible to insert specific filters used to capture and display
events.
The following filters are available:
capture
display
call
11.1.1. Capture filters
The capture filters are used to save some space in the memory.
Once inserted, they cannot be modified while the test is in
progress.
Capture, to exclude all level 1 and/or 2 events from
memorization if not significant for the test in progress.
− ALL, all events are saved
− LAYER 1, level 1 events are not saved
− LAYER 2, level 2 events are not saved
The selection of the CAPTURE filter in the Filter field
enables the following parameters:
Lay, to exclude level 1 and/or level 2 events from
memorization if not significant for the test in
progress. It replaces the old Capture field.
TEI, to select the messages according to the TEI.
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92
is used to capture messages having the same
value (=) or a different value („) with respect to
the selected one.
SAPI, to select the messages according to the
SAPI. The following values are available:
− 0, control frame for standard calls
− 1, reserved for Q.931 packet communications
− 16, frames for X.25 calls
− 63, frames for level 2 (TEI) management
is used to capture messages having the same
value (=) or a different value („) from the selected
one.
MSG TE, to select the level 3 messages sent
towards the terminal to be saved. and are
used to scroll the standard information elements
in alphabetical order. The field is active only if
the SAPI filter allows for capturing frames with
SAPI 0.
MSG NT, to select the level 3 messages sent
towards the network to be saved. and are
used to scroll the standard information element in
alphabetical order. The field is active only if the
SAPI filter allows for capturing frames with SAPI 0.
To cancel the filter, set the ALL value in the various
fields.
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11.1.2. Display filters
The display filters can be inserted or excluded both when the test
is in progress and while analyzing the saved data. They are used
to make data display and analysis easier.
! These filters do not affect message memorization,
but depend on the type of capture filter inserted
during the test.
Visual, to avoid displaying all level 1 and/or level 2 events, if
not significant for the analysis.
− ALL, all events are displayed
− LAYER 1, level 1 events are not displayed
− LAYER 2, level 2 events are not displayed
The selection of the VISUAL filter in the Filter field
enables the following parameters:
Lay, to exclude level 1 and/or level 2 events from
display if not significant for the analysis. It replaces
the old Visual field.
TEI, to select the messages according to the TEI.
is used to display messages having the same
value (=) or a different value („) with respect to the
selected one.
SAPI, to select the messages according to the SAPI.
The following values are available:
− 0, control frame for standard calls
− 1, reserved for Q.931 packet communications
− 16, frames for X.25 calls
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94
− 63, frames for level 2 (TEI) management
is used to capture messages having the same
value (=) or a different value („) with respect to the
selected one.
MSG TE, to select the level 3 messages sent
towards the terminal to be displayed. and
are used to scroll the standard information
elements in alphabetical order. The field is active
only if the SAPI filter allows for displaying frames
with SAPI 0.
MSG NT, to select the level 3 messages sent
towards the network to be displayed. and
are used to scroll the standard information
elements in alphabetical order. The field is active
only if the SAPI filter allows for displaying frames
with SAPI 0.
Num, to select the level 3 messages with the
entered number as information element. The
instrument makes no distinction between called,
connected or calling numbers.
To cancel the filter, set the ALL value in the fields.
The fields can be individually set in order to obtain very
exact filtering for the analysis in progress.
The MSG TE and MSG NT fields are useful to control
the answering time and modes, as well as the
connection or disconnection of calls. With the Num field,
only some of the saved calls can be selected and
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analyzed.
11.1.3. Call filter
The call filter can only be inserted while analyzing the saved data.
It is used to select the messages that refer to a single call.
To insert it, select a level 3 message that refers to the desired call
and press (CALL).
The presence of the filter is indicated by the Call field and by the
cursor for the analyzed messages.
The SingleCallFilt field replaces the Call field.
This filter does not affect event memorization.
11.2. ANALYZING THE EVENTS
As mentioned before, the instrument can either display the
messages coming from the line or analyze the data saved in the
internal memory. Events are displayed using one or more lines for
each event.
To select the type of data to be displayed refer to the diagram
shown in Fig. 11-4
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96
TEST IN
PROGRESS
(REAL - TIME)
ANALYSIS OF
RECORDED DATA
DISPLAY
OF DATA IN
ACQUISITION
MONITOR
Fig. 11-4
TEST
STOPPED
(PLAYBACK)
ANALYSIS OF
DATA FROM
LAST TEST
Various display modes are available to make data analysis easier.
According to the selected filters and display mode, the events are
shown with the direction (from TE to NT or from NT to TE), the
acquisition time expressed in milliseconds from the beginning of
the test and all level 2 and 3 information elements.
For more information refer to the following paragraphs.
11.2.1. Display formats
Data can be displayed in three formats:
compressed
exploded
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hexadecimal
Each format allows for a different level of analysis, from single
hexadecimal values to octet decoding.
Events in acquisition can only be displayed in the COMPRESSED
format. The three modes are available when analyzing the capture
buffer.
11.2.1.1. Compressed format
This mode gives concise information about level 1 and 2 events,
and level 3 frames.
This is the format used during the acquisition of data for quicker
display. To get more information about the events, use the
EXPLODED format.
Each line displays an event, except for level 3 events, which can
take two lines.
The instrument uses the following conventions for each OSI level:
level 1, indication of monodirectional (from TE to NT or from
NT to TE) or bidirectional (from TE to NT and from NT to TE
at the same time) events. The line starts with at least one
character “*” in a message such as:
** activation ****
level 2, each events has a heading with the SAPI (SA), the
TEI, the COMMAND/RESPONSE (CR) bit, the POLL/FINAL (PF)
bit, the type of FRAME (FRM) and the value of the counters
of received (Nr) and transmitted (Ns) INFORMATION frames.
level 3, if the level 2 frame contains a level 3 message, the
next line displays the level 2 frame, the CALL REFERENCE
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98
value and the name decoding as provided for by ETSI
standards.
If a display filter eliminates level 2 events, level 3 messages are
displayed with the associated TEI value.
Fig. 11-5 and Fig. 11-6 show examples of events displayed in
COMPRESSED format without and with level 2 filter, respectively.
Fig. 11-5
Fig. 11-6
The direction of the messages is displayed with standard
characters from TE to NT, and in inverse video (white characters in
a black line) from NT to TE.
During the analysis the display window is provided with a cursor
on the left of the lines used to select the events contained in the
internal memory.
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Fig. 11-7
The cursor will look different if a filter is applied on either the
displayed or captured events:
with no filters,
with capture and/or display filters,
with call filter.
To move the cursor across the messages use . The cursor
moves either to the next or the previous event available in the
memory.
When a level 3 message is selected, the instrument enables
(CALL) to insert the call filter.
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A special cursor line indicates the end of the events that can be
analyzed. The line is different according to the presence of filters,
as shown below:
100
with no filters
with at least one filter
-------------------^-----------------
!------------------^----------------!
11.2.1.2. Exploded format
This format supplies additional information about the data, such
as the direction of the event, the time elapsed between the
beginning of the test and the occurrence of the event and the
decoding of level 3 messages for each significant octet.
The direction of the event is displayed as follows: :
�� NT , if from TE to NT
TE �� , if from NT to TE.
The time elapsed from the beginning of the test to the occurrence
of the event (ΔT) is expressed in hours, minutes, seconds and
milliseconds (msec).
The absolute time of the test takes into consideration the time
setting in the SETTING UP page (see Chapter 6).
For level 3 messages, apart from the information given in the
COMPRESSED format, all the INFORMATION ELEMENTS (i.e.) are
shown.
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For each i.e. the following information is given in columns:
the identification;
the decoding of the contents;
the hexadecimal value of all the octets in the contents.
Fig. 11-8 shows an example of data displayed in exploded format.
Fig. 11-8
Press to scroll through the frame decoding if it takes more
than one page. The end is indicated by "_ _ _ _ _ end_frame_".
Press to go to the previous page and to go to the next
page.
The beep indicates the first line of the first page or the last line of
the last page.
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For level 2 and 3 events, press (FORMAT) to display the
event in EXPLODED HEXADECIMAL format.
11.2.1.3. Exploded hexadecimal format
This format allows for analysing messages in hexadecimal mode
with a full description of the various information elements (see
the example shown in Fig. 11-9).
102
Fig. 11-9
11.2.1.4. Hexadecimal format
For a more detailed analysis, this format displays the octets of the
message divided by level 2 and level 3.
Fig. 11-8 shows an example of data displayed in HEXADECIMAL
format.
The length of the packet can be calculated by counting the
number of octets.
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In X.25 the contents of the DATA packets can be displayed in
different formats: hexadecimal, only with the USER DATA field in
hexadecimal or ASCII.
Press (FORMAT) to display the event in EXPLODED format.
11.3. STATISTICS
Pages with statistical data on the saved traffic are available. They
are divided into level 2, level 3 and evolute statistics. To access
the pages, select the MONITOR title and press .
All types of frames together with the incorrect messages are given
for level 2. Results are expressed both in percentage and absolute
format.
Fig. 11-10
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Then the traffic is classified by frame according to the SAPI value
(0, 1, 16 and 63).
Further checks can be carried out by analyzing the statistical
group that refers to the TEI management.
104
Fig. 11-11
These data are useful to evaluate the average use of the tested
access (standard calls, X.25 or level 2 management).
Data about unknown events are given for level 3, together with
the total number of messages for each type.
More detailed statistics are given in the traffic report, with the
total number of calls from and to the terminal, divided into calls
in progress, successful calls and failed calls.
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Fig. 11-12
The instrument also supplies the number of calls without dialing
and the number of calls with correct dialing, together with
minimum, average and maximum time.
Fig. 11-13
The minimum, average and maximum duration of both incoming
and outgoing calls is also given.
Fig. 11-14
Additional information refer to the progress of the various
connections according to the CAUSE value. Use to scroll
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the values. The “meaning” field contains the description given by
the ETSI regulations (Appendix B).
Press (Bch) to get information about the occupation of each
B channel.
11.4. AUTOMONITOR
! The AUTOMONITOR function can only be used if the
106
Fig. 11-15
AUTO1080 function is present.
This operating mode allows for monitoring the signaling of a call
(either incoming or outgoing) made or received with the same
instrument that implements the SIMULATION function.
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This means that the same instrument can be used to send or
receive a call or carry out the standard tests as simulator and at
the same time carry out the MONITOR test, capturing the signaling
messages that transit over the D channel.
11.4.1. TEST EXECUTION
To execute this test the instrument must be configured as TE
SIMULATOR or as TEST TE.
Once the instrument is configured, press START to display the
TEST SELECTION page with all the possible tests.
Select the MONITOR test and press (OK) to access the test
page.
Set the function parameters and press to start the MONITOR
test.
Press to return to the main page and (TESt function)
to select the TEST SELECTION page again.
Select the desired test and press (OK) to access the test
page.
Start the test. The signaling messages over the D channel are
captured and memorized.
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At the end of the test, to display the result of the MONITOR
function, press to return to the main page and select the
MONITOR function again (in the TEST SELECTION page).
Stop the MONITOR function (with the appropriate button) and
display the results with the ANALYSIS function ( ).
108
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12. ISDN TERMINAL SIMULATOR
In order to carry out tests as terminal simulator (TELEPHONE,
QUALITY MEASUREMENT, and CALLS GENERATION) over Primary
Access, connect the four wires coming from the line directly to the
polarized RJ45 plug marked as “E1”.
In case of connection at 75Ω, use the adapter supplied with the
instrument.
! Connection is always point-point in Primary Access.
ISDN
TE
(PABX)
E1
Fig. 12-1
D1080
NETWORK
Check that two or more terminals are not present
over the same access.
In order to operate over Basic Access ‘S0’ interface, connect the
‘S TO-NT’ plug of the instrument to the S-BUS coming from the NT
termination.
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! The incorrect connection of the bus to the ‘S TO-TE’
110
ISDN
TE
✆
TO NT
S-BUS
D1080
NT1
Fig. 12-2
U
NETWORK
plug will result in the malfunctioning of the
interface.
The tests can be carried out by directly connecting the instrument
to the “U” interface of a Basic Access and isolating the telephone
pair to the NT.
4B3T
U
ISDN
TE
✆
D1080
2B1Q
S
NT1
Fig. 12-3
U
NETWORK
The test procedures described in the following paragraphs are
valid both for Primary and Basic Access, and in Basic Access both
for the ‘S0’ and ‘U’ interface.
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12.1. TELEPHONE FUNCTION
12.1.1. Configuration mode
In order to activate the TELEPHONE function the instrument must
be configured as TE SIMULATOR.
Select the CONFIGURATION menu to set the configuration
parameters as shown in the following figures for basic and
primary access, respectively:
Figure 12-4
Terminal simulator over Basic
access
Figure 12-5
Terminal simulator over Primary
access
Press to exit the CONFIGURATION menu and display the
TEST SELECTION page:
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112
Figure 12-6 TEST SELECTION page
Select the TELEPHONE function and press (OK).
The instruments waits for the incoming call and the display shows
the following page:
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Figure 12-7
The instruments is automatically ready to accept the incoming
call.
12.1.2. SENDING A CALL
The number called can be sent to the network in two different
modes:
OVERLAP
EN-BLOCK.
12.1.2.1. Sending a call in OVERLAP mode
When sending a call in OVERLAP mode the digits are sent to the
network one at a time, as soon as the free tone is received.
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In the TELEPHONE function page (see figure above) follow this
procedure to send a call in OVERLAP mode:
press
enter the number to be called with
the keypad or select the REPEAT function ( ) to dial
the last number called.
12.1.2.1.1. How to send a call in OVERLAP mode
The digits are sent to the network by using one or more level
INFORMATION messages.
In this case the SETUP message can contain some or no digits.
Once the last number is entered, the instruments automatically
sends the call. When the connection is active the following page
appears:
114
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Figure 12-8 Info about the call
To send the SENDING COMPLETE information element to the
network enter “# ” at the end of the number.
12.1.2.2. Sending a call in ENBLOCK mode
When sending a call in ENBLOCK mode, the whole number is first
set and then directly sent to the network.
In the TELEPHONE function page, go to the Num field with
to display the following window:
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116
Figure 12-9 Entering the number to call
Press to select the CUG (Closer User Group)
supplementary service used to define a closed group of users
and create a private virtual network, in which only the
members can communicate.
Press to display the following page with the operationg
modes of the CUG service.
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Figure 12-10
Page for the CUG supplementary service
When the desired CUG service is selected, the writing next to the
Num field starts flashing.
Use the CHANGE function ( ) to enter the number to call for
the selected CUG service.
The CUG service is not enabled by default (No request mode).
To send the SENDING COMPLETE information element to the
network, enter “# ” at the end of the number.
In this case the whole number is contained in the outgoing SETUP
message.
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Confirm the entered number ( ) and press to send the
call.
When the connection is active the instrument displays the same
page as in the OVERLAP mode.
12.1.3. LOOP FUNCTION
Both for the OVERLAP and ENBLOCK mode, the LOOP function
(tasto ) can be used to loop the existing call and make new
calls up to the maximum number allowed by the access (2 for BRA
and 30 for PRA).
The Bch STATUS function
page that can be selected
from the TEST SELECTION
page shows the status of
the looped channels, as
shown in this figure.
118
Figure 12-11 Info page on B channels
The B1 channel assigned to the previously called number 071-
2189880 is now looped.
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To disconnect the looped B channel select it with
and press (DISCONN function), as shown in the figures
below.
Figure 12-12
Select the B channel to
disconnect
The B channel is now free.
12.1.4. Receiving a call
Figure 12-13
The B channel is disconnected
The display shows the message “Call Waiting” which corresponds
to a telephone with the handset on hook.
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In this state the important thing is not the value of the CallsRx
field in the SETTING UP page, but the compatibility of the call
profile in the CONFIGURATION menu.
! If the value of the CallsRx field is ALL, the incoming
120
calls that are not compatible with the test profile
are accepted and looped.
The instrument only answers to compatible incoming calls
(ALERT).
Incoming calls are indicated by an acoustic signal and a SETUP
RECEIVED message waiting for connection (see Appendix A).
Answers to the incoming call. Same as off hook.
Ends connection
12.1.5. Telephone conversation
When connection is active, the page shown in Fig. 11-5 is
displayed with the following information about the state of the
call.
Top left:
“*” , flashing, to indicate the call in progress (off hook)
“B” , flashing, to indicate at least one looped B channel
“D”, flashing, when the X.25 incoming call is looped.
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Next to the page title:
, both the loudspeaker and the microphone are
enabled. The operator can speak and listen at the same time.
This condition is only possible in case of voice connection
and audio setting as HANDS FREE (see Chapter 6);
, only reception is enabled;
, only transmission is enabled.
The last two conditions occur in case of voice connection and
audio setting as PUSH TO TALK (see Chapter 6).
In the case of audio setting as EXTERNAL HANDSET or EXTERNAL
BY-PASS, the character is displayed when the connection is
active.
“V.11”, when the instrument is configured with
64 Kb, 64 K-OSI, TELETEXT, VIDEOTEXT or USER profile (data
are sent to the V.11 port)
The following fields become active:
“Num:”, which displays either the called or calling number
“Sub:”, which displays either the called or calling subaddress
number, if any
“DTMF”, used to send DTMF tones (only with 3.1 K or
SPEECH configuration)
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122
“IntWk:”, which indicates the exchange between ISDN digital
network and non-ISDN network
“Tax”, which displays taxation, if this service is enabled in
the tested access. The instrument acknowledges taxation
according to the standards of the Italian pilot service
“InBTones:”, which indicates the presence of in-band tones.
If the audio setting is PUSH TO TALK, the audio from the local
microphone can be sent by pressing (MIC).
12.1.6. Information about the call
The instrument supplies some information about the active call.
This makes it possible to connect with a remote user in voice
(SPEECH, 3.1 KHZ) or data (64K UDI) mode and analyze
connections better.
The display gives information about the state and the progress of
the connection, indicating the assigned channel.
The ASCII contents of the DISPLAY and USER TO USER i.e. are
displayed, if present.
The Num field shows the character “:” followed by the called
number.
In the case of an OUTGOING call, the instrument displays the
character “=” followed by the connected number.
The two values can be alternatively displayed, to indicate the
difference between the two numbers.
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! In case of MULTINUMBER setting (see chapter 7), the
instrument sends its own number with the selected
type of numbering from the CGNTYPE field of the
SETTINGS menu. If the NATIONAL numbering is
selected, the number must include the national code
without the first zero.
In the CdnPlan of the SETTING UP menu it is possible to change
the value of the Called Numbering Plan field for the CALLED
NUMBER i.e. sent to the network in outgoing calls.
In case of problems with level 3 connections, check that these
fields are compatible with the network and the tested PABX.
In case of disconnection, the instrument displays a message such
as:
in which
D = Disconnected
"D 16 Normal c.clear"
16 = Disconnection cause expressed in hexadecimal code,
according to ETSI Euro-ISDN specifications
Normal c.clear = Disconnection cause expressed in words
Another important element for the disconnection analysis is the
LOCATION field.
If present as level 3 INFO, the instrument displays the field
contents which makes it possible to understand the disconnection
cause. It is shown in alternative to the disconnection messages
and gives information such as “public local network”, “remote
private exchange”, etc.
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If the connection is not made, the reason is shown in the display
as indicated below.
If the following message is displayed:
124
"Disconnect Layer 1"
check that the bus and the plugs are correctly connected (see
Appendix C) and that the state of the LED’s on the front panel of
the instrument is exact.
In the case of Basic Access and an OUTGOING call, the fixed INFO
1 can indicate that:
− the terminal is not connected to the NT1 termination
− the NT1 is faulty
− the access is not operating
− a terminal on the S-BUS is not connected correctly or
defective
− the connection of the S-BUS is not correct.
In the case of Primary Access, check:
− the CRC4 management of the terminal and the network
− the connections
− the 120Ω balanced line impedance (for connections at 75Ω
unbalanced impedance, the instrument is supplied with
adapter).
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If the disconnection message is:
“Disconnect Layer 2”
the cause of the disconnection should be at the logical level.
The typical situation for this disconnection message is the
incorrect configuration of the TEI management of the instrument.
This value is set in the CONFIGURATION page (see Chapter 7)
before connecting with the access and must comply with the
setting of the tested access.
In case of point-point access, the TEI must be set in fixed mode
with typical value zero (0). For point-multipoint access, the TEI
must be set in automatic mode.
! Two or more terminals with the same TEI value
cannot exist on the same access. In case of
AUTOMATIC TEI, this is checked by the network. In
case of fixed TEI, the operator must check that
settings are correct.
If the instrument displays the following message:
“Disconnect Layer 3”
the cause refers to the compatibility between the configuration of
the local user and of the remote user, or in the service
management capacity of either the user terminal or the network
(services not implemented, non transparent capabilities with
interworking).
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Appendix A shows the messages displayed about the connection
state. Appendix B contains the disconnection causes with the
hexadecimal code.
12.1.7. SUPPLEMENTARY SERVICES
Apart from the supplementary services using the Keypad method
(*xx#) the instrument implements some of the new services
according to the ASN.1 international standard protocol.
Select the SERVICES function ( ) to display the following
page:
126
Figure 12-14
Supplementary services page
The supplementary services implemented by the instrument are:
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Call Forward (CF): used to divert incoming calls to a different
telephone number.
Terminal Portability (TP): used to change the terminal socket
in the same basic access during the active phase of the call.
Mailicious Call Identification (MCID): used to request the
identification of the disturbing caller to the network.
HOLD (CH): used to suspend the existing call and retrieve it,
if necessary.
3 Party Conference (3 PTY): used to put the existing call in
stand-by, make a new call and switch between calls in a 3
way conference.
Explicit Call Transfer (ECT): used to put the existing call in
stand-by, make a new call, joint them and leave the
connection without terminating it.
12.1.7.1. CALL FORWARDING (CF)
Select the Call forwarding service to display the following page:
Figure 12-15
CF service
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The ACT function ( ) allows
for activating the service and
display the following page with
the services available.
128
Figure 12-16
Types of CF
CFU (CALL FORWARDING UNCONDITIONAL): used to divert all
incoming calls to a different telephone number.
CFB (CALL FORWARDING BUSY): used to divert incoming calls
to a differente telephone number if they meet busy.
CFNR (CALL FORWARDING NO REPLY): used to divert
incoming calls to a different telephone number if no reply is
obtained from the the called user in a set interval of time.
Select the desired service and press to confirm (OK
function) and continue the parameter configuration.
The instrument displays the window used to select the incoming
call profile sent to the desired number.
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Figure 12-17
Profiles for CF service
Select Speech to divert all calls with Speech profile, Teletex to
diver only the calls with Teletex profile, etc.
Press to confirm (OK function) to display the following
window used to enter the number from which the calls are
diverted.
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130
Figure 12-18
Served number parameter
Enter the number and confirm (OK) to display the following
window used to set the number to which the incoming calls with
the configured profile are diverted.
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Figure 12-19 “Diverted-to” number parameter
Press (OK) to confirm
and display the window used to
enter the Subaddress of the
access to which the incoming
calls are diverted.
Figure 12-20
“Diverted-to” Subaddress
parameter
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Press (OK) to confirm and activate the service. The incoming
calls with compatible profile will be diverted to the set number
according to the type of service selected (CFU, CFB, CFNR).
if the call forwarding system is not enabled from the network, the
instrument displays the Service rejected message.
12.1.7.2. TERMINAL PORTABILITY (TP)
This service can only be activated with a connection in progress.
Select the SERVICES function ( ) and the TP service to display
the following page:
132
Figure 12-21
TP service
Press (SUSPEND function) to suspend the existing call. The
operator has 2 minutes to change the terminal socket.
The instrument displays the following page used to enter the
value of the Call identification element that is necessary to
retrieve the call.
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Enter the value and press
to confirm. The network
suspends the call within 4
seconds. The instrument
displays this page:
Figure 12-22
Call identification parameter
Figure 12-23 Call info
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Press : the operator has two minutes to change the
instrument socket.
To retrieve the suspended call,
select the SERVICES function
again ( ) and the TP
service as shown in this figure:
Select the RETRIEVAL function
( ) to display the figure
used to enter the same call
identification element that was
entered in the suspension
stage.
Press to confirm and
retrieve the call.
134
Figure 12-24
Call retrieval
Figure 12-25
Call identification parameter
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12.1.7.3. MALICIOUS CALL IDENTIFICATION (MCID)
The Malicious Call Identification service allows for requesting the
identificatio of the disturbing user to the network.
This service can only be activated with an incoming call.
Select the SERVICES function ( ) and the MCID services with
to display the following window:
Figure 12-26
MCID service
When pressing (INVOKE function) the network memorizes
the calling number, even if the connection was terminated, to
identify the disturbing user.
12.1.7.4. CALL HOLD
This service is used to put the existing call in stand-by, to answer
the incoming call without terminating the active call or to make a
new call and then join the two calls in a conference.
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With an active call:
136
Figure 12-27
Info page of the active call
press F4 (SERVICES function) to display the supplementary
services page:
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Select the HOLD service with
Figure 12-28
CALL HOLD service
Press (REQUEST function) to hold the existing call.
The instrument sends the HOLD message to the network that
suspends the existing call and and sends the HOLD
ACKNOWLEDGE message.
The B channel used is disconnecte and released.
The instrument displays the following page:
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138
Figure 12-29
Info on the held call
Press and wait for the dialing tone before making a new call.
Now the second call is active. The operator can hold it and
retrieve the first call
Press to display the supplementary services page:
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Figure 12-30
Change service
Select the HOLD (Call Hold) service with and press
to activate the REQUEST function.
The first call is retrieved.
The operator can now hold the first call again and retrieve the
second call in held state.
In this way the operator can alternatively speak with two users,
by holding the non active call.
The retrieval procedure of an held call is started by sending a
RETRIEVE message to the network.
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The network replies to the RETRIEVE message with the RETRIEVE
ACKNOWLEDGE message used to assign a B channel in the same
way as for the basic call with the sending of the first reply
message to the SETUP.
The B channel assigned to retrieve the call can be different from
the B channel used before holding the call.
12.2. TRANSMISSION QUALITY
MEASUREMENTS
The instrument allows to test the transmission quality of a
network connection with another tester or with the instrument
itself (autocall). The quality of the B channel is tested.
140
Figura 12-31
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The instrument can independently generate and measure two
pseudorandom bit sequences (PRBS) over two different B
channels.
The operator can set the following parameters:
CallType, the call mode:
− OUTGOING: the instrument sends a call to a remote user.
Once connected, it generates its pseudorandom sequence
and measures the received one.
− INCOMING: the instrument waits for a call. As soon as a
compatible call is received, the instrument answers
automatically and starts generating and measuring
according to the set pseudorandom sequence.
In this way each instrument can measure the BER of a
single network section.
− 2 OUTGOING: the instrument sends two separate calls
using two telephone numbers that can be different. For
each link, the instrument start generating and measuring
with an independent pseudorandom sequences.
− 2 INCOMING: the instrument waits for two incoming calls.
If compatible calls are received, the corresponding B
channels are connected to two independent
generating/measuring devices of pseudorandom
sequences. .
Num, the number to call
Sub, the subaddress to call
SES, DM, the thresholds that refer to severely errored
seconds (SES) and to degraded minutes (DM) for the G.821
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142
analysis. The values can either be as recommended by CCITT
or set by the operator.
Duration, the duration of the test (continuous or set from 1
to 65.535 minutes)
Sequence, the pattern to be used, which can be selected
from the following pseudorandom sequences:
− 2 11 - 1 (CCITT O.152 Recom.)
− 2 15 - 1 direct (CCITT O.151 Recom.) and inverted
− user (1 octet)
Ncycles, the number of call cycles to be executed. It is only
valid for tests with non-continuous duration and for tests of
type “1 OUTGOING”.
Pause, the pause between two measuring cycles. It is only
valid if more calls cycles are set.
Print, the possibility of printing the result page in various
modes (see Paragraph 11.2.2)
During the test both the information about the state of the call
and the data about the test are displayed.
As regards the call, the following information is displayed:
the state of the call
the called/connected number and subaddress
the date and the starting time of the test
the elapsed time of the test
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the number of charge, if this service is enabled by the tested
access
interworking. It is used to route the call over
analog network.
As regards the B channel, the following information is displayed:
the number of received bits
the number of errored bits received
the error rate on bits, in exponential format
the measurement data according to the G.821 standard
For the G.821 table the number of errored seconds (ES), the
number of severely errored seconds (SES), the number of
degraded minutes (DM) and the percentage of unavailable
seconds (US) are displayed.
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144
Figura 12-32
The ES, SES, DM and US values can be expressed both in
percentage and in absolute value. To modify the display format of
G.821 data, select the G.821 field and press the functional button
which corresponds to the desired display.
While the connection is active, the operator can:
insert single errors manually
insert and remove an error rate on the transmitted bits equal
to 10 -3 , 10 -4 , 10 -5 , 10 -6 , 10 -7 .
The functions of commands and parameters are shown in the
following block diagrams:
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12.2.1. Test configurations
Several test configurations are available, from 64kb bit rate with
only one B channel to 256kb, using four B channels at the same
time in Primary Access.
There are two types of tests: “User-User” and “User-Network”.
The first type features a connection over the whole net section
between two final users, including the routing between the
networks. The second type tests connections between the user
and the corresponding local network.
If the “User-User” test is repeated several times, different results
can be obtained according to the network routing.
The IfTestKo field can be used to disconnect calls with high error
rates.
If the call is not disconnected, the operator can trace the call in
the networks.
! This field is active only if the duration of the test is
not CONTINUOUS.
By examining the test results, the operator can identify the
defective user access.
This access can be controlled by making other measurement
cycles and sampling the BER during a longer period of time.
! If the Iftestko field is used, the instrument stops at
the first failed cycle without disconnecting the call
in progress.
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In Primary Access the quality tests can be executed while several
calls to the network are active (see Paragraph 11.1.7). This makes
it possible to check if the problems are due to specific channels
or heavy traffic.
While executing the quality tests, the instrument can receive and
loop incoming calls (see Chapter 6).
! In the SETTING UP menu the CallsRx field can be
146
configured with:
NOT ACCEPTED
ONLY COMPATIBLE
ALL ACCEPTED
The field must be set with ONLY COMPATIBLE or ALL
ACCEPTED in order to loop the incoming calls.
12.2.1.1. 64 kb – one B channel
This makes it possible to test a single network section and
identify the “noisiest” path. It is an “User-User” test.
Two modes are available:
by using a remote loop box.
The received data is the sum of the transmitted and the
received data.
The operator can determine if the network section is noisy,
but he does not know if the upstream connection is noisier
than the downstream connection, or vice versa.
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D1080
OUTGOING
PRBS
GEN
PRBS
MIS
Bx
Figura 12-33
LOOP BOX
by using a remote D1080.
This makes it possible to establish both the general data of
the connection and the direction with more errors.
One D1080 must be set with OUTGOING call and the other
with INCOMING call.
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148
D1080
A
OUTGOING INCOMING
PRBS
GEN
PRBS
MIS
Tx
Rx
Bx
Figura 12-34
Rx
Tx
D1080
B
PRBS
MIS
PRBS
GEN
The test must be started first from the instrument in INCOMING
mode.
12.2.1.2. 128 kb – two B channels
This mode makes it possible to check the entire Basic Access by
using the two B channels of the interface.
The test can also be executed for Primary Access.
Several configurations are available:
autocall: during a “User-Network” test, the operator can test
the state of the B channels up to the local network to which
the user is connected. The data are the sum of the
transmitted and the received data.
The entire interface is tested, but the operator cannot tell
which B channel is not working properly.
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D1080 CallsRx = NO
OUTGOING
PRBS
GEN
PRBS
MIS
Tx
Rx
Rx
Tx
Bx
By
Figura 12-35
by using a remote D1080: by setting both instrument with
OUTGOING call, the operator can identify the noisiest B
channel. This is only possible with another instrument. For
tests at 128 kb a remote loop box can be used, as described
below.
Figura 12-36
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150
2 PRBS and a loop box: by setting 2 OUTGOING and the
correct subaddress to call and/or USER-TO-USER to activate
the remote loop, the operator can identify the noisiest B
channel with only one instrument, by analyzing the data of
the two PRBS sections.
D1080
2 OUTGOING
PRBS
GEN
PRBS
MIS
PRBS
GEN
PRBS
MIS
Bx
By
Figura 12-37
LOOP BOX
The instrument is able to simulate the operation of a loop box (se
Chapter 6).
! The instrument can manage two concurrent calls for
PRBS at the same time and independently and in the
meantime analyze two different network sections.
2 PRBS and 2 instruments: this is the most complete test for
the “User-User” connection. The operator can identify the
defective B channel, as well as the noisiest direction of the
channel. The test must be started first from the instrument in
2 incoming mode.
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D1080 D1080
2 OUTGOING 2 INCOMING
PRBS GEN
PRBS MIS
PRBS GEN
PRBS MIS
Tx
Bx
Rx
Tx
By
Rx
Figura 12-38
Example of application with two PRBS:
Figura 12-39
PRBS MIS
PRBS GEN
PRBS MIS
PRBS GEN
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ISDN ANALYZER D1080 USER’S MANUAL REV. 5
12.2.1.3. 192 kb - 3 B channels
Set the instrument for 2 OUTGOING, with a call to a loop
box/remote instrument and an autocall at the same time.
152
D1080
2 Outgoing
PRBS1
PRBS2
Figura 12-40
Loop Box/D1080
On the incoming call the B channel is looped according to the
value of the CallsRx field (see Chapter 6).
! Only for Primary Access.
12.2.1.4. 256 kb - 4 B channels
4 B channels can be tested at the same time by setting the
instrument with 2 OUTGOING and making two autocalls:
A
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! Only for Primary Access.
11.2.2.Printing
Figura 12-41
The measurement results can be printed by dumping the display
contents (indicating date and time).
Printing can be manually started in any situation by pressing the
PRINT button or automatically with the following options:
NO no print
15’ results are printed every 15 minutes
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30’ results are printed every 30 minutes
DM results are printed at the end of each test minute in which
an error rate higher than the rate set for the threshold of
degraded minutes (DM) is detected.
The default threshold for this value is equal to 4, for an
error rate of about 10 -6 over the 64 kb/s channel.
Results are also printed when the error rate is higher than
the SES threshold (default 64, equal to an error rate of 10 -3 ),
since the SES threshold is always higher than the DM.
154
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12.3. TRAFFIC GENERATOR
The instrument allows for checking the capacity of the tested
access to manage traffic over the D channel.
Several cycles of calls can be automatically generated at set time
intervals.
A maximum of 30 calls for Primary Access and 2 calls for Basic
Access can be sent for each cycle.
Figura 12-42
The operator can set the following parameters:
Num, the number to call: as soon as the numerical field is
displayed in the last line the CUG function appears (to select
it press
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156
Figura 12-43
Sub, the subaddress number, if any
Ncycles, the number of call cycles for each test
Ncalls/cycle, the number of calls for each cycle
Pause, the pause between two cycles
Durat., the minimum duration of each connection.
It can be specified if connection means the Delivery (ALERT
Received) or Connecting (Connect Received) phase.
The instrument can send calls:
to itself (autocall). The instrument must be set to accept
incoming calls. The maximum number of calls corresponds to
half of the outgoing channels available in the user
connection.
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to another instrument or remote loop box. The maximum
number of calls corresponds to the number of outgoing
channels available in the user connection.
In the latter case, the remote instrument must be configured with
the same profile as the local instrument, or the ALL ACCEPTED
value must be set in the CallRx field of the SETTING UP menu.
There are various procedures to activate the remote loop:
by sending the “0000” value in the called SUBADDRESS field.
by sending adequate values in the USER-TO-USER field of the
SETUP or CONNECT messages.
The instrument allows for managing both procedures for the
modification of the USER-TO-USER field (see Chapter 6).
During the test the instrument checks the calls and supplies
information about their progress.
! If a specific B channel is set in the CanRich field of
the SETTING UP menu, this channel is used as
starting channel for the first call of the cycle. The
other calls of the cycle will progressively request
the remaining channels (see Chapter 6).
The instrument supplies information about the state of the call
with level 3 messages, such as SETUP, ALERTING, CONNECT,
RELEASE and DISCONNECT , indicating the cause for the last two
messages.
The instrument memorizes the number of failed cycles, the time
and the cause of the event. “Failed cycle” means that the
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instrument was not able to make all the calls contained in the
cycle.
At the end of the test the operator can select and analyze failed
calls individually.
To display the failed calls, go to the FallNum field and use the
functional buttons as indicated below.
158
Displays the first failure saved
Displays the previous failure saved
Displays the next failure saved
Displays the last failure saved
For each event saved, the instrument indicates the time, the
number of the failed cycle, the number of the failed call in the
cycle (Call field), the disconnection cause and the corresponding
LOCATION.
! There can be several failed calls in a cycle.
The FallNum field is active only if there is more than one failed
call.
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13. OPERATION WITH
DEDICATED LINE
This operating mode is used to test a dedicated line.
A dedicated line is a 4-wire line at whose ends a terminal (such a
PBX, a telephone, etc.) is connected, as shown in the following
figures:
PBX
TELEPHONE
ETC.
The terminal connected at one end is configured as MASTER and
generates the synchronization clock. The terminal connected at
the other end is configured as SLAVE.
To test the SLAVE terminal, set DEDICATED LINE and MASTER, in
the Protoc. and mode fields of the CONFIGURATION menu,
respectively.
Once the MASTER terminal is disconnected, connect the
instrument as shown in the following figures.
PBX
TELEPHONE
ETC.
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ISDN ANALYZER D1080 USER’S MANUAL REV. 5
PBX
TELEPHONE
ETC.
Press START to access the TEST SELECTION page (see figure
below) with the tests available.
160
Figure 13-1
DEDICATED LINE test page
PBX
TELEPHONE
ETC.
Both for the TELEPHONE and the QUALITY MEASUREMENT tests
the Num (called number) and Sub (called subaddress) fields are
not active because the call is directly sent to the connected
terminal.
CAPITOLO 13. FUNZIONAMENTO CON PROTOCOLLO LINEA DEDICATA

USER’S MANUAL REV. 5 ISDN ANALYZER D1080
Press to start the test.
Follow the same procedure to test the MASTER terminal. Set
DEDICATED LINE and SLAVE in the Protoc. and mode fields of the
CONFIGURATION menu, respectively, and disconnect the SLAVE
terminal.
PBX
TELEPHONE
ETC.
PBX
TELEPHONE
ETC.
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USER’S MANUAL REV. 5 ISDN ANALYZER D1080
14. CHECK ACCESS
This operating mode is used to check the tested access, either
BASIC or PRIMARY.
The instrument generates a number of calls with different profiles
to a remote user. The remote user either sends a reply, if
compatible, or disconnects the call.
The test can also be carried out in autocall.
The display shows the results of the various calls.
To implement this function go to the TEST SELECTION page and
select CHECK ACCESS with (OK).
The following page is displayed:
Figure 14-1
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ISDN ANALYZER D1080 USER’S MANUAL REV. 5
The Num is used to enter the number of the remote or local
access (autocall). The L1 and L2 fields indicate the status of levels
1 and 2, respectively. The Tx and Rx columns shows the results of
the various calls made by the instrument with different profiles.
The Level 2 status shows the TEI used for the configuration of the
tested access.
For each call sent by the instrument, if the remote user is
compatible with the profile, the Rx column indicates OK on the
profile line. If not, the disconnection code of the call appears.
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USER’S MANUAL REV. 5 ISDN ANALYZER D1080
15. X.25 TERMINAL SIMULATOR
The instrument connects as ISDN X.25 terminal over Basic or
Primary Access with the same procedure described in Chapter 11.
The operator can set the following parameters:
Call, the call mode:
− OUTGOING: the instrument sends a call to a remote user
and once connected, transmits its own packets.
− INCOMING: the instrument waits for a call. As soon as a
call with a compatible number is received, the instrument
answers automatically and transmits its own packets.
Num, the number to call
CUG, default FACILITY
Facilit, the FACILITY to insert in the CALL REQUEST
UserData, the USER DATA field to insert in the CALL
REQUEST
Rxdata, the ECHO mode on received data packets.
Txdata, the transmission mode of the packets, either manual
or with set rate
Content, the contents of the data packets to be transmitted
Length, the length of data packets if set
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166
QMDbit, the value of the Q, M and D bits associated with
the transmitted packets.
The functions of fields and corresponding parameters are shown
in the following block diagram.
The instrument can make or receive packet virtual calls over the
level 2 link set for the X.25 service (SAPI=16), by specifying the
TEI and the LOGICAL CALL IDENTIFIER (LCI) in the
CONFIGURATION page.
Figura 15-1
The instrument can send/receive set data packets to/from another
instrument or its own access (autocall). The check of the X.25
service is completed by the calculation of the
reception/transmission throughput and by the statistical functions
on X.25 messages.
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The instrument can manage both outgoing and incoming calls
from/to numbers of the X.25 network.
For outgoing calls, the instruments sends the CALLED DTE
ADDRESS, the CALLING DTE ADDRESS, which corresponds to the
number entered in the Num field of the CONFIGURATION menu,
the FACILITY field and the USER DATA field in the CALL REQUEST
packet.
15.1. FACILITY
The operator can decide to send the FACILITY field in the CALL
REQUEST packet. The values of the field can either be default
values or values set by the user.
15.1.1. User
Select the Facilit field to enter the hexadecimal values of the
octets in the FACILITY field. The maximum length is fourteen (14)
bytes.
! The instrument does not check the entered octets
and therefore the values must be carefully set.
15.1.2. “CUG”
The CLOSED USER GROUP SELECTION is available as default
FACILITY.
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The contents can be modified by the user. Three types are
available:
168
− BASE
− CUG WITH OUTGOING ACCESS SELECTION
− BILATERAL CUG SELECTION
To set the desired option, select the Cug field and use the
functional buttons as indicated below.
To change the “CUG” value
CUG WITH OUTGOING ACCESS SELECTION (“OA”)
BILATERAL CUG SELECTION (“BILAT”)
FACILITY CUG Absent
15.2. USER DATA
The operator can decide to send the USER DATA in the CALL
REQUEST packet. The values of the field can be set by the user.
Select the UserData field to enter the hexadecimal values of the
octets in the USER DATA field. The maximum length is fourteen
(14) bytes.
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15.3. CONNECTION
Two procedures are available to test connections using the X.25
protocol over the ISDN D channel:
autocall
with remote instrument.
To make an autocall, the operator must enter OUTGOING in the
Call Type field and the number of the connected access in the
Num field.
To start the test press .
The CallRx field in the SETTING UP menu must be set to accept
incoming calls. The incoming call is automatically looped.
! The instrument automatically answers to one
incoming call at a time.
To send a call to a remote instrument, the operator must enter
OUTGOING in the Call Type field and the number of the access to
call in the Num field in order to send the CALLED DTE ADDRESS in
the CALL REQUEST packet.
INCOMING must be set in the Call Type field of the remote
instrument.
Once the instruments have been configured, the operator can start
the test beginning with the instrument in INCOMING mode..
In case of manual transmission of DATA packets, once in ACTIVE
state, it is possible to transmit DATA packets with USER or
DEFAULT contents and with the specified QUALIFIED (Q), MORE
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(M) and DELIVERY bits.
The received DATA packets can be transmitted again with the
same contents if the RXDATA ECO function is active.
In case of fixed transmission rate, the ECO cannot be enabled, in
order not to affect the set rate.
During the test the instrument displays the state of the call and
some information about the DATA packets:
170
transmitted (Tx) and received (Rx) packets
total quantity of transmitted and received data expressed in
bytes
net throughput both in transmission and reception calculated
either from the beginning of each call or from the last reset.
The throughput calculation is affected both by the load of
messages over the D channel of the tested access and by the
value of the RxData with the ECO function enabled. In the latter
case, apart from sending its packets, the instrument must also
send the received packets to echo them.
The Q, M and D bits can be manually modified at any time during
connection.
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Figura 15-2
The Q bit identifies the transmitted packet as either data or
commands. The M bit indicates that the packet is the prosecution
of a previously transmitted packet. The bit D indicates that the
transmitted packet is acknowledged by the network or by the
remote DTE.
The instrument indicates the disconnection cause of active calls.
Two pages contain statistical data about the transmitted and
received frames, indicating the invalid frames received and the
frames with HDLC errors.
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172
Figura 15-3
In the Winlev3 field of the CONFIGURATION menu the operator
can set the number of level 3 packets which the instrument can
transmit without waiting for reply.
The L2FullWin and L3FullWin fields of the page with X.25
statistical results indicates how many times this window was filled
up by the instrument during transmission.
This value indicates the network capability to manage the node.
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16. ISDN TERMINAL TEST
The instrument can be connected to a user terminal to generate
or receive calls, while simulating the services offered by the
network. The signaling protocols used are level 2 and level 3
Euro-ISDN protocols, compliant with ETS 300 125 and ETS 300
102-1, respectively. The instrument also manages the X.25
protocol over D channel for X.25 terminal.
16.1. CONFIGURATION
In the CONFIGURATION page of the instrument, select the type of
access, then the Mode field and finally the TE TEST option. The TT
symbol appears in the top right corner of the display.
To check terminals with X.25 packet protocol management, select
the X.25 option.
For more information about the tests that can be made using this
setup, see Chapter 12.
In Primary Access, if the instrument is not connected to the
terminal, the flashing of the TT symbol and the Mode field
indicates the lack of level 2 activation.
The operator can also set the Num and Sub fields in the
CONFIGURATION page.
The number entered in the Num field represents the CALLING
NUMBER for outgoing calls and the CONNECTED NUMBER for
incoming calls.
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The number entered in the Sub field represents the CALLING
SUBADDRESS for outgoing call and CONNECTED SUBADDRESS for
incoming calls.
It’s also possible to set the fields to NONE value.
Compared to the TE SIMULATOR mode, the Num and Sub fields
are no longer used to check the compatibility of incoming calls
during the tests.
The following options are available:
174
operating mode, such as SPEECH or 3.1KHZ basic telephone
or generic numerical terminal at 64 Kb
mode set by the user manually with the BC and HLC elements
or by capturing the incoming setup
configuration with AUTOMATIC or FIXED TEI (in Primary
Access TEI can only be FIXED).
16.1.1. Connections
To carry out tests towards a terminal in Primary Access, connect
the instrument to the tested terminal by means of crossed cable
on the “E1” plug.
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Figura 16-1
To test a user terminal over Basic Access, connect the S-BUS to
the ‘S TO-NT’ plug of the instrument.
Figura 16-2
If the tested terminal needs remote power supply over the S-BUS,
the D1029 external adapter must be used.
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16.1.2. D1029
The D1029 external adapter supplied with the instrument must be
used to test a terminal for Basic Access that requires the presence
of remote power supply over the S-BUS.
The adapter is powered through the plug marked as ‘TO D1029’
of the AC/DC adapter supplied with the instrument.
176
Fig. 16-3
The RJ45 plug of the D1029 must be connected to the RJ45 plug
marked as ‘S TO-NT’ of D1080.
! To use the TE TEST function in Basic Access,
disconnect from the NT1 termination and connect the
tested terminal to the ISO8877 plug marked ‘S TO-TE’.
The D1029 can simulate both standard and emergency operating
conditions, by reversing the remote power supply polarity. The
instrument can provide the tested terminal with about 1100mW in
standard conditions and about 430mW in emergency conditions.
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To set the desired mode, use the switch located in the D1029.
The two front LED’s of the D1029 indicate the power consumption
of the tested terminal. When the LED’s are off, the consumption of
the terminal over the S-BUS is null or lower than 3mW.
The green LED turns on in case of power consumption lower than
1100mW in standard conditions and the red LED in case of power
consumption lower than 430mW in emergency conditions.
When flashing, the LED’s indicate an excess of power
consumption of the tested terminal (with reference to the power
supplied by the D1029).
16.2. TYPES OF TESTS
The test of an ISDN terminal includes the following phases:
activation of the physical level, which can be started either
by the terminal or the instrument (for instance by hooking off
with a basic telephone). (The physical level is always active
in Primary Access).
TEI assignment upon request from the terminal (with setup
for automatic TEI in Basic Access).
activation of the level 2 link between terminal and instrument
making of a connection, originated either by the terminal or
the instrument
end of a connection.
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During the test the instrument checks the incoming and outgoing
signals and gives information about the state of the call. The
following tests are possible:
178
transmission of a pseudorandom pattern
automatic answer with data loop over the used B channel
making and/or answering up to 30 calls at the same time
automatic generation of calls
16.2.1. Pseudorandom transmission
To set this test, press the functional button that corresponds to
BERT in the main menu.
The instrument generates a call to the tested terminal. Once
connected, it transmits a pseudorandom pattern chosen between
the standard sequences 2047, 32767 inverted and USER. If the
terminal can loop the B channels, a quality measurement can be
made by checking the presence of phase losses or errored bits on
the display. To generate the call, set the OUTGOING mode in the
Call field.
16.2.2. Automatic answer
The instrument can be set to answer automatically to incoming
calls. When a call is received, the instrument automatically sends
the CONNECT message and loops the B channel used for
connection.
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The instrument can accept and loop all the available B channels
(2 in Basic Access and 30 in Primary Access).
To set the automatic answer to incoming calls, set ONLY
COMPATIBLE or ALL in the CallRx field (see Chapter 6).
16.2.3. Making and/or answering a call
The test is made from the main menu by pressing the functional
button that corresponds to PHONE page.
Once the TELEPHONE page is accessed, the instrument can make
and received single calls, by simulating a telephone.
Apart from the state of the call, the instrument indicates the
values of the KEYPAD i.e. in the Rxkpd field, the CALLED PARTY
NUMBER in the Rxnum field and the CALLED SUBADDRESS in the
Rxsub field coming from the tested terminal.
16.2.3.1. Incoming calls
The instrument only answers to calls that are compatible with the
setup of its configuration.
When a compatible call is received, the instrument automatically
sends the SETUP ACK message.
Through the active functional numbers the operator can send the
following messages:
CALL PROCEEDING
ALERTING
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180
CONNECT, symbol of hooking off
According to the signaling protocol, the instrument checks the
regular sending of the messages and automatically eliminates the
functional buttons of the messages which can no longer be sent.
For instance, if ALERTING is immediately sent, the instrument will
no longer display the CALL PROCEEDING message. The functional
buttons are ordered from left to right for correct sending.
The Num= and Sub= fields show the CALLING NUMBER and/or
CALLING SUBADDRESS information elements sent by the terminal,
if any.
For a further verification of the tested terminal, in the active state,
every fifteen messages the instrument sends a message with
taxation and the DISPLAY information element with the test string
“TEST RX DISPLAY I.E.”.
16.2.3.2. Outgoing calls
In case of configuration with AUTOMATIC TEI (only BRA), the
instrument sends a SETUP message in broadcast and manages the
procedure to request and assign the TEI. Otherwise it sends a
point-point message with the TEI value chosen in the
CONFIGURATION page. The information elements according to the
setup set for the test are contained in the outgoing SETUP
message.
The operator can set a number and subaddress used as “number
to call” in the Num: field and “subaddress to call” in the Sub:
field to test multinumber configuration and/or with subaddress.
The call is accepted only if the terminal is compatible with the
generated SETUP. Once in active state, the CONNECTED NUMBER
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and/or CONNECTED SUBADDRESS information elements sent by
the terminal are displayed in the Num: and Sub: fields,
respectively. If the number and subaddress to call were set, the
instruments displays them alternatively with the i.e.
16.2.3.3. Connection
If the operator makes a voice call (SPEECH or 3.1khz), voice
connection with the tested terminal can be established by using
the microphone and the loudspeaker of the instrument for testing
purposes.
In case of data call (UNRESTRICTED DIGITAL or USER), the 64
kbit/sec numerical flow of the connected B channel is sent again
towards the V.11 interface for other tests with appropriate
devices.
To end connection, press button of the instrument that
corresponds to the on hook handset. The connection can also be
ended from the terminal using its own functions.
In case of disconnection, the instrument displays the
disconnection cause in the message display both in numeric mode
and in words according to the standard Euro-ISDN format.
16.2.4. Generation of multiple calls
The instrument can generate a flow of calls to the tested terminal
to simulate heavy traffic conditions.
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To start the test, press the CALLS functional button. The operator
can set the number to call with subaddress, in case of
multinumber terminals.
For more information about this function, see the description
contained in 12.3 (CALLS GENERATOR).
In this phase the instrument accepts incoming calls according to
the setting of the Call field in the SETTING UP menu.
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17. PHONEBOOK
Two phonebooks are available with the possibility of saving 14
numbers each.
One phonebook is for X.25 calls and the other for standard ISDN
calls.
Each number is represented by a letter. Numbers can be entered
randomly. They can be displayed when entering a telephone
number to make a call.
To display the phonebook, select the desired test, select the Num
field and press (CHANGE).
Then press the functional button that corresponds to the
phonebook.
Once the number is selected, the editing mode allows to modify
it, if necessary.
To delete all data contained in the phonebook, select the page
title and press the corresponding functional button.
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USER’S MANUAL REV. 5 ISDN ANALYZER D1080
18. STATUS OF B CHANNELS
This page can only be activated when the instrument is configured
as SIMULATOR or TE TEST.
This menu indicates the state of all B channels connected by the
instruments.
The LOOPED channels refer to incoming calls that were
automatically answered by the instrument.
The connected number is displayed for each incoming call.
The B channel used by the instrument for the tests is identified as
“TEST RUN MODE”.
! Over the S-BUS (B.R.A.) the instrument is not able to
indicate the B channels used by other terminals
connected to the bus.
To disconnect a B LOOPED channel, select the corresponding line
and press .
18.1. RESTART
This page is used to expressly request the RESTART to the
network or the tested exchange. In order to do this, select the
Restart field and indicate whether the RESTART refers to a specific
B channel or to the entire interface.
The instrument indicates the progress of the request.
CHAPTER 18. STATUS OF B CHANNELS 185

ISDN ANALYZER D1080 USER’S MANUAL REV. 5
If this service is not implemented, the instrument displays
RESTART ABORTED.
This message is given in case of level 1 and/or level 2
disconnection.
186
CHAPTER 18. STATUS OF B CHANNELS

USER’S MANUAL REV. 5 ISDN ANALYZER D1080
19. PRINTING
During the tests, the state of the test can be sent to a serial
printer connected to the V.28 port of the instrument.
A copy of the displayed page is normally printed, except for the
results of CALLS GENERATION and PROTOCOL ANALYSIS.
In CALLS GENERATION the instrument sends the data of all the
failed cycles of calls.
In PROTOCOL ANALYSIS, all the captured messages that are
visible are sent starting from the cursor position to the end of the
saved data (see Chapter 11).
In order to print in EXPLODED format (see Chapter 11), this
display format must be selected before starting printing.
Since the instrument is configured as DCE, the printer must be
connected by means of the crossover cable.
Starts printing the displayed data
The instrument can also be connected to a PC using any type of
serial communication software. In this case data can be saved in a
file. See Chapter 6 for the settings of the serial port.
CHAPTER 19. PRINTING 187

USER’S MANUAL REV. 5 ISDN ANALYZER D1080
PART THREE

USER’S MANUAL REV. 5 ISDN ANALYZER D1080
20. TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS
20.1. MECHANICAL CHARACTERISTICS
ABS plastic container with internal shielding treatment
DIMENSIONS ( L X D X H ) 121 x 252 x 50 mm
WEIGHT 0.86 Kg
Mains adapter
DIMENSIONS ( L X D X H ) 74 x 100 x 60 mm
WEIGHT 0.5 kg
Padded nylon bag
20.2. POWER SUPPLY WITH INTERNAL
RECHARGEABLE BATTERIES
NO. OF BATTERIES 4
VOLTAGE RATING 1.2 V
CAPACITY 1200 mA/h
NOMINAL RCHARGE TIME 14 h
EXHAUSTED BATTERY ALARM Graphic display and acoustic signal
CHAPTER 20. TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS 191

ISDN ANALYZER D1080 USER’S MANUAL REV. 5
20.3. POWER SUPPLY WITH EXTERNAL
ADAPTER
MAINS VOLTAGE 198 - 242 Vac @ 50 Hz
CONTINUOUS VOLTAGE 10 Vdc
20.4. INTERFACE
BASIC ACCESS
“S0” INTERFACE
BASIC ACCESS
“U” INTERFACE (4B3T AND 2B1Q
CODE)
PRIMARY ACCESS
“E1” INTERFACE (120W)
V.11 INTERFACE
FOR DIGITAL ACCESS TO B
CHANNEL
AUXILIARY V.28 INTERFACE FOR
PRINTING AND REMOTE CONTROL
INTERFACE FOR ANALOGIC ACCESS
TO B CHANNEL
192
Compliant with ETS 300 012 -
Ending with standard ISO 8877
socket
Compliant with ETS 300 012 -
Ending with DIN41616 double
socket
Compliant with ETS 300 012 -
Ending with ISO 8877 standard
polarized socket
Ending with ISO4903 standard 15pin
socket
Compliant with V.28 CCITT -
Ending with ISO4902 standard 9-pin
connector
Input/output impedance 600Ω -
Ending with RJ-11 connector
CHAPTER 20. TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS

USER’S MANUAL REV. 5 ISDN ANALYZER D1080
20.5. OPTIONS AVAILABLE
IU1028 Management of U interface with 0-
3dB attenuator (D1028)
TTE1029 Testing of ISDN P.R.I. / B.R.I. user
terminal with adapter for BUS-S
remote power supply (D1029)
DX1025/8 Management of X.25 protocol over
D channel
STAT1080 Advanced statistics of traffic
analysis
AUTO1080 Automonitor function
PC108 Control software for IBM personal
computer
20.6. Use and storage conditions
OPERATING TEMPERATURE -5°C ÷ +45°C
OPERATING RELATIVE HUMIDITY 10% ÷ 93% non condensing
STORAGE TEMPERATURE -25°C ÷ +55°C
CHAPTER 20. TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS 193

ISDN ANALYZER D1080 USER’S MANUAL REV. 5
20.7. Reference regulations (CE mark and
reliability tests)
STORAGE CEI 50-3
CEI EN 60068-2-1
IEC 68-2-2
TRANSPORT CEI 50-6
IEC 68-2-32
IEC 68-2-35
OPERATING CONDITIONS CEI 50-3
CEI EN 68068-2-1
IEC 68-2-2
IEC 68-2-3
IEC 68-2-14
CEI 50-6
IEC 68-2-31
IEC 68-2-32
IEC 68-2-35
CONDUCTED EMISSIONS CEI EN 55022
IRRADIATED EMISSIONS CEI EN 55022
IMMUNITY CEI EN 50082-1
SAFETY CEI EN 61010-1
CEI EN 41003
194
This product complies with EEC 89/336 directive on
electromagnetic compability, EEC 73/23 directive (Low
Voltage) on safey rules and EEC 91/263 directive on
telecommunication devices, as amended by EEC 92/31
and 93/68 directives
CHAPTER 20. TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS

USER’S MANUAL REV. 5 ISDN ANALYZER D1080
APPENDIX A

USER’S MANUAL REV. 5 ISDN ANALYZER D1080
A. DISPLAY MESSAGES
DISPLAYED
MESSAGE
STATE OF CONNECTION AND LEVEL 1-2-3
MESSAGES
Call Waiting Hand set on – Hook
Waiting incoming call
STATE OF INCOMING CALLS
Received Ringing -
compatible rx setup - tx alert
Connect Request Answer call -
tx connect - rx wait conn_ack
STATE OF OUTGOING CALLS
Initiated Making a call - tx setup
Overlap Sending Called number to be completed -
rx setup ack
Proceeding Called number completed - rx call proc
Delivered Called number connected - rx alert
ACTIVE STATE OF CALLS
Active For outgoing calls: rx connect - tx conn ack
For incoming calls: rx conn ack
STATE OF DISCONNECTED CALLS
Disc.TimeOut Layer 3 Layer 3 deactivated
Disconnect Layer 2 Layer 2 deactivated
Disconnect Layer 1 Layer 1 deactivated
Disc.Restart rx Restart
D nn rx Disc - Rel or Rel_Comp cause nn
STATE OF SUSPENDING/RESUMING PROCEDURE
Suspend Request Suspend tx
Suspend Suspend_Ack rx
Resume Request Resume tx
Resume Rejected Resume_Rej rx
APPENDIX A. DISPLAY MESSAGES 197

USER’S MANUAL REV. 5 ISDN ANALYZER D1080
APPENDIX B

USER’S MANUAL REV. 5 ISDN ANALYZER D1080
B. POSSIBLE VALUES OF THE “CAUSE” FIELD
This chapter describes the possible values of the Cause field
divided into “Classes”.
Each class is made up of similar causes.
! The information contained in this chapter is only for
reference purposes and should not be considered as
official. For any dispute, see “ETSI 300 102-1 annex G”
standard.
B.1. “NORMAL” CLASS
Cause #1 - “unallocated (unassigned) number”
It indicates that the number requested by the calling user cannot
be reached because it does not exist, although the format is valid.
Cause #2 - “no route to specified transit
network”
The terminal has been requested to send the call through a
specific transit network that is not acknowledged by the terminal.
The transit network is not acknowledged either because it does
not exist or because it does not support the terminal which is
sending the cause.
This cause is supported only by some networks.
APPENDIX B. POSSIBLE VALUES OF THE “CAUSE” FIELD 201

ISDN ANALYZER D1080 USER’S MANUAL REV. 5
Cause #3 - “no route to destination”
It indicates that the user cannot be reached because the network
used to send the call does not support the requested destination.
This message is supported only by some networks.
Cause #6 - “channel unacceptable”
It indicates that the last assigned channel cannot be used to send
the call.
Cause #7 - “call awarded and being delivered in
an established channel”
It indicates that the user has been informed of an incoming call
and that the incoming call is about to be connected to the
channel established for analog calls (i.e. X.25 virtual packet calls).
Cause #16 - “normal call clearing”
It indicates that the call is about to be cleared because one of the
connected users requested to cancel it.
In normal situations this cause is not originated by the network.
Cause #17 - “user busy”
It indicates that the called user was not able to accept other calls.
The terminal is compatible with the call.
Cause #18 - “no user responding”
202
APPENDIX B. POSSIBLE VALUES OF THE “CAUSE” FIELD

USER’S MANUAL REV. 5 ISDN ANALYZER D1080
It indicates that the user is not responding to a request for a call
either with the ALERTING or CONNECT message within the set
period of time (set in ETS300 102-1 by the T303 or T310 timer).
Cause #19 - “no answer from user (user
alerted)”
It indicates that the user sent the ALERTING, but not the
CONNECT message within the set period of time.
! This cause is not necessarily generated by ETS300
102-1 procedures, but can also generated by internal
network timers.
Cause #21 - “call rejected”
It indicates that the terminal does not want to accept the call,
although it could accept it, since it is neither busy nor compatible.
Cause #22 - “number changed”
It indicates that the called number is no longer assigned. The new
called number can be included in the diagnostics field. If the
network does not support this possibility, cause #1 “unallocated
(unassigned) number” will be used.
Cause #26 - “non-selected user clearing”
It indicates that the incoming call has been connected to another
terminal.
APPENDIX B. POSSIBLE VALUES OF THE “CAUSE” FIELD 203

ISDN ANALYZER D1080 USER’S MANUAL REV. 5
Cause #27 - “destination out of order”
It indicates that the destination cannot be reached because the
destination interface is not properly operating.
This means that a signaling message was not able to reach the
remote user (due to a failure of the physical level or the
transportation level, or because the remote terminal was off, etc.).
Cause #28 - “invalid format (address
incomplete)”
It indicates that the called user cannot be reached because the
called number is either in invalid format or incomplete.
Cause #29 - “facility reject”
It indicates that a facility requested by the user cannot be
provided by the network.
Cause #30 - “response to state enquiry”
This cause is included in the STATE message when the STATE
message was originated by the reception of a STATE ENQUIRY
message.
Cause #31 - “normal, unspecified”
It indicates a normal event when no other cause in the “normal”
class is applicable.
204
APPENDIX B. POSSIBLE VALUES OF THE “CAUSE” FIELD

USER’S MANUAL REV. 5 ISDN ANALYZER D1080
B.2. “UNAVAILABLE RESOURCES” CLASS
Cause #34 - “no circuit/channel available”
It indicates that no channel is available to manage the call.
Cause #38 - “network out of order”
It indicates that the network is not working and that this
condition will last for a certain period of time (it would be
probably useless to try to send a call).
Cause #41 - “temporary failure”
It indicates that the network is not working and that this
condition will not last long (the user can try to send a call after a
very short period of time).
Cause #42 - “switching equipment congestion”
It indicates that the switching equipment is congested.
Cause #43 - “access information discarded”
It indicates that the network is not able to supply the access
information to the remote user as requested ( i.e. “user-to-user
information”, “low layer compatibility”, “high layer compatibility”,
or a subaddress as indicated in the diagnostics).
Cause #44 - “requested circuit/channel not
available”
APPENDIX B. POSSIBLE VALUES OF THE “CAUSE” FIELD 205

ISDN ANALYZER D1080 USER’S MANUAL REV. 5
It indicates that the requested circuit or channel cannot be
supplied by the other interface.
Cause #47 - “resource unavailable, unspecified”
It indicates an unavailable resource when no other cause in the
“unavailable resources” class is applicable.
206
APPENDIX B. POSSIBLE VALUES OF THE “CAUSE” FIELD

USER’S MANUAL REV. 5 ISDN ANALYZER D1080
B.3. “UNAVAILABLE SERVICES OR OPTIONS”
CLASS
Cause #49 - “quality of service not available”
It indicates that the quality of the service cannot be supplied as
set forth in the CCITT X.213 recommendation (i.. a transit delay
cannot be supported).
Cause #50 - “requested facility not subscribed”
It indicates that the requested supplementary service cannot be
supplied by the network because the user did not subscribe.
Cause #57 - “bearer capability not authorised”
It indicates that the user requested a bearer capability he is not
allowed to user, although implemented by the terminal.
Cause #58 - “bearer capability not presently
available”
It indicates that the user requested a bearer capability that is not
presently available, although implemented by the terminal.
Cause #63 - “service or option not available
unspecified”
It indicates an unavailable service or option when no other cause
in the “unavailable services or options” class is applicable.
APPENDIX B. POSSIBLE VALUES OF THE “CAUSE” FIELD 207

ISDN ANALYZER D1080 USER’S MANUAL REV. 5
B.4. “NOT IMPLEMENTED SERVICE OR
OPTION” CLASS
Cause #65 - “bearer capability not implemented”
It indicates that the requested bearer capability is not supported.
Cause #66 - “channel type not implemented”
It indicates that the requested type of channel is not supported.
Cause #69 - “requested facility not
implemented”
It indicates that the requested supplementary service is not
supported.
Cause #70 - “only restricted digital information
bearer capability is available”
It indicates that the requested bearer capability is only available
in the restricted version.
Cause #79 - “service or option not implemented,
unspecified”
It indicates a not implemented service or option when no other
cause in the “not implemented service or option” class is
applicable.
208
APPENDIX B. POSSIBLE VALUES OF THE “CAUSE” FIELD

USER’S MANUAL REV. 5 ISDN ANALYZER D1080
B.5. “INVALID MESSAGE” CLASS (i.e.
parameter is not within limits)
Cause #81 - “invalid call reference value”
It indicates that the a call reference in the received messages is
not used in the user-network interface.
Cause #82 - “identified channel does not exist”
It indicates that the terminal was asked to use a non-active
channel.
For instance, this cause is generated if the user subscribed the
channels from 1 to 12 and the user terminal or the network try to
use channels from 13 to 23.
Cause #83 - “a suspended call exists, but this
call identity does not”
It indicates that the terminal tried to resume a call with a different
number from the ones assigned to the suspended calls.
Cause #84 - “call identity in use”
It indicates that the request for suspension contains a number
that is already used for a suspended call.
Cause #85 -“no call suspended”
It indicates that the request for resuming the call contains a
number that does not correspond to any suspended call.
APPENDIX B. POSSIBLE VALUES OF THE “CAUSE” FIELD 209

ISDN ANALYZER D1080 USER’S MANUAL REV. 5
Cause #86 - “call having the requested call
identity has been cleared”
It indicates that the request for resuming the call contains a
number that no longer corresponds to a suspended call. The call
was cleared while it was suspended (either by the network or the
remote user).
Cause #88 - “incompatible destination”
It indicates that the call was rejected because the terminal was
incompatible with one or more attributes of the call (bearer
capability, high layer capability etc.).
Cause #91 - “invalid transit network selection”
It indicates that the identification of the transit network was
received with an incorrect format.
Cause #95 - “invalid message, unspecified”
It indicates an invalid event when no other cause in the “invalid
messages” class is applicable.
B.6. “PROTOCOL ERRORS” CLASS (i.e.
unknown message)
Cause #96 - “mandatory information element is
missing”
210
APPENDIX B. POSSIBLE VALUES OF THE “CAUSE” FIELD

USER’S MANUAL REV. 5 ISDN ANALYZER D1080
It indicates that a mandatory information element is missing in
the received message and therefor the message cannot be taken
into consideration.
Cause #97 - “message type non-existent or not
implemented”
It indicates that the received message does not exist or is not
implemented by the terminal.
Cause #98 - “message not compatible with call
state or messages type non-existent or not
implemented”
It indicates that the received message does not exist in this phase
or that the terminal received a STATE message indicating an
incompatible call state.
Cause #99 - “information element non-existent
or not implemented”
It indicates that the received message contains unacknowledged
information elements because they do not exist or is not
implemented by the terminal.
The information element cannot be contained in the message in
order to process the message itself.
Cause #100 - “invalid information element
contents”
APPENDIX B. POSSIBLE VALUES OF THE “CAUSE” FIELD 211

ISDN ANALYZER D1080 USER’S MANUAL REV. 5
It indicates that the received information element is implemented,
but one or more fields cannot be acknowledged.
Cause #101 - “message not compatible with call
state”
It indicates that the received message is not compatible with the
state of the call.
Cause #102 - “recovery on timer expiry”
It indicates that a error managing procedure was started because
the timer set forth by ETS 300 102-1 expired.
Cause #111 - “protocol error, unspecified”
It indicates a protocol error when no other cause in the “protocol
errors” class is applicable.
B.7. “INTERWORKING” CLASS
Cause #127 - “interworking, unspecified”
It indicates interworking with a network which does not give the
cause for the actions taken. Therefore it is not possible to identify
the exact cause of the message.
212
APPENDIX B. POSSIBLE VALUES OF THE “CAUSE” FIELD

USER’S MANUAL REV. 5 ISDN ANALYZER D1080
APPENDIX C

USER’S MANUAL REV. 5 ISDN ANALYZER D1080
C. PLUG TERMINATIONS
C.1. PRIMARY ACCESS (P.R.I.)
ISO8877 standard polarized plug - Impedance 120Ω
Pin Function
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
TE NT
Rx.
Rx
Tx
Tx
Tx
Tx
Rx
Rx
ISO 8877 polarized plug
C.2. BASIC ACCESS (B.R.I.)
C.2.1. “S0” interface
ISO8877 standard plug - Impedance 100Ω
Pin Function
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
TE NT Rem.
supply*
Tx +
Rx +
Rx -
Tx -
Rx +
Tx +
Tx -
Rx -
1
Pwr +
Pwr -
Pwr -
Pwr +
ISO 8877 plug
APPENDIX C. PLUG TERMINATIONS 215
1

ISDN ANALYZER D1080 USER’S MANUAL REV. 5
* Remote power supply is the power supply given by the NT1 in
standard operating conditions.
C.2.2. “U” interface
4B3T
Line code
U
C.3. V.11
2B1Q
Pin V.11 Function Criteria direction
2 T(A) TE-NT B channel
(upstream)
9 T(B) TE-NT B channel
(upstream)
4 R(A) NT-TE B channel
(downstream)
11 R(B) NT-TE B channel
(downstream)
To D1080 (TE Simul.)
From D1080 (Monitor)
To D1080 (TE Simul.)
From D1080 (Monitor)
From D1080
From D1080
6 S(A) Clock From D1080
13 S(B) Clock From D1080
7 B(A) Byte-timing From D1080
14 B(B) Byte-timing From D1080
216 APPENDIX C. PLUG TERMINATIONS

USER’S MANUAL REV. 5 ISDN ANALYZER D1080
C.4. V.28
Pin* V.28 D1080 Personal computer
2 C104 Transmission Reception
3 C103 Reception Transmission
5 C102 Ground Signal Ground Signal
*Ending with standard 9-pin connector.
C.5. RJ 11
Pin Function*
1
2
3
4
Audio Transmission -
Audio Transmission +
Audio Reception +
Audio Reception -
RJ11 plug
*Transmission/reception impedance is 600Ω
1
APPENDIX C. PLUG TERMINATIONS 217