Basic Principles of Transcription and Translation - Computer ...
Basic Principles of Transcription and Translation - Computer ...
Basic Principles of Transcription and Translation - Computer ...
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tRNA<br />
molecules<br />
Growing<br />
polypeptide<br />
E P A<br />
Exit tunnel<br />
Large<br />
subunit<br />
Small<br />
subunit<br />
5′<br />
mRNA 3′<br />
(a) <strong>Computer</strong> model <strong>of</strong> functioning ribosome<br />
P site (Peptidyl-tRNA<br />
binding site)<br />
E site<br />
(Exit site)<br />
mRNA<br />
binding site<br />
E P A<br />
A site (AminoacyltRNA<br />
binding site)<br />
Large<br />
subunit<br />
Small<br />
subunit<br />
(b) Schematic model showing binding sites<br />
Amino end<br />
mRNA<br />
E<br />
5′ Codons<br />
Growing polypeptide<br />
Next amino acid<br />
to be added to<br />
polypeptide chain<br />
tRNA<br />
3′<br />
(c) Schematic model with mRNA <strong>and</strong> tRNA<br />
a) <strong>Computer</strong> model <strong>of</strong> functioning ribosome. This<br />
is a model <strong>of</strong> a bacterial ribosome showing its<br />
overall shape. The eukaryotic ribosome is roughly<br />
similar. A ribosomal subunit is an aggregate <strong>of</strong><br />
ribosomal RNA molecules <strong>and</strong> proteins<br />
b) Schematic model showing binding sites. A<br />
ribosome has an mRNA binding site <strong>and</strong> three<br />
tRNA binding sites known as the A, P <strong>and</strong> E sites.<br />
c) Schematic model with mRNA <strong>and</strong> tRNA. A<br />
tRNA fits into a binding site when its anticodon<br />
base pairs with an mRNA codon. The P site holds<br />
the tRNA attached to the growing polypetide. The<br />
A site holds the tRNA carrying the next amino acid<br />
to be added to the polypeptide chain. Discharged<br />
tRNAs leaves from the E site.<br />
The anatomy <strong>of</strong> a functioning ribosome.<br />
A ribosome has three binding sites for tRNA:<br />
The P site holds the tRNA that carries the growing<br />
polypeptide chain<br />
The A site holds the tRNA that carries the next amino acid<br />
to be added to the chain<br />
The E site is the exit site, where discharged tRNAs leave<br />
the ribosome
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